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Nerve Impulse molecular Mechanism 3D Animation Video Lecture - NEET

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1. What is the molecular mechanism of nerve impulse?

Ans. The molecular mechanism of a nerve impulse involves the movement of ions across the nerve cell membrane. When a nerve impulse is generated, sodium ions rush into the cell, causing depolarization. This depolarization triggers the opening of voltage-gated sodium channels, allowing more sodium ions to enter the cell. This continues in a wave-like fashion along the nerve cell, ultimately leading to the transmission of the nerve impulse.

2. How is a nerve impulse transmitted in the body?

Ans. Nerve impulses are transmitted in the body through a process called action potential. When a stimulus is received by a sensory receptor, it triggers a nerve impulse. This impulse travels along the nerve cell's axon through a series of depolarization and repolarization events, known as action potentials. These action potentials cause the release of neurotransmitters at the synapses, allowing the impulse to be transmitted to the next nerve cell or target tissue.

3. What role do neurotransmitters play in nerve impulse transmission?

Ans. Neurotransmitters are chemical messengers that play a crucial role in nerve impulse transmission. Once an action potential reaches the end of a nerve cell, neurotransmitters are released into the synapse. These neurotransmitters bind to specific receptors on the target cell, either exciting or inhibiting its activity. This transmission of signals between nerve cells through neurotransmitters ensures the continuation of the nerve impulse through the nervous system.

4. How do voltage-gated ion channels contribute to the generation of a nerve impulse?

Ans. Voltage-gated ion channels are integral membrane proteins that are crucial for the generation and propagation of a nerve impulse. These channels are selective for specific ions, such as sodium and potassium. When a nerve impulse is initiated, voltage-gated sodium channels open, allowing sodium ions to enter the cell and depolarize it. This depolarization triggers the opening of adjacent sodium channels, creating a domino effect that propagates the nerve impulse along the nerve cell.

5. What are the consequences of a disruption in the molecular mechanism of nerve impulse transmission?

Ans. A disruption in the molecular mechanism of nerve impulse transmission can lead to various neurological disorders and impairments. For example, certain genetic mutations can affect the function of ion channels, leading to abnormal nerve conduction and conditions like epilepsy or channelopathies. Additionally, the malfunctioning of neurotransmitter systems can result in mood disorders, such as depression or anxiety. Understanding the molecular mechanisms of nerve impulse transmission is crucial for diagnosing and treating these conditions effectively.

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Dec 19, 2024 Last updated

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