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31 Years NEET Previous Year Questions: Biomolecules - 3 - NEET MCQ


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25 Questions MCQ Test Biology 31 Years NEET Chapterwise Solved Papers - 31 Years NEET Previous Year Questions: Biomolecules - 3

31 Years NEET Previous Year Questions: Biomolecules - 3 for NEET 2024 is part of Biology 31 Years NEET Chapterwise Solved Papers preparation. The 31 Years NEET Previous Year Questions: Biomolecules - 3 questions and answers have been prepared according to the NEET exam syllabus.The 31 Years NEET Previous Year Questions: Biomolecules - 3 MCQs are made for NEET 2024 Exam. Find important definitions, questions, notes, meanings, examples, exercises, MCQs and online tests for 31 Years NEET Previous Year Questions: Biomolecules - 3 below.
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31 Years NEET Previous Year Questions: Biomolecules - 3 - Question 1

Protein synthesis in an animal cell takes place

[1997] 

Detailed Solution for 31 Years NEET Previous Year Questions: Biomolecules - 3 - Question 1

Ribosomes are the robust organelles, present in the cytoplasm, composed of rRNA and a set of specific proteins. They are present free in cytosol or on the surface of the endoplasmic reticulum. The spatial separation depends on the presence of ER-targeting signal sequence on the protein being synthesized, thus, a particular ribosome might be ER-bound while synthesizing one protein and free in the cytosol when translating another protein

So, the correct answer is 'On ribosomes present in cytoplasm as well as in mitochondria'

31 Years NEET Previous Year Questions: Biomolecules - 3 - Question 2

DNA synthesis can be specifically measured by estimating the incorporation of radio labelled

[1997]

Detailed Solution for 31 Years NEET Previous Year Questions: Biomolecules - 3 - Question 2

Thymidine is used to assess the rate of  DNA synthesis, since thymine is unique to DNA. 

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31 Years NEET Previous Year Questions: Biomolecules - 3 - Question 3

The RNA that picks up specific amino acids from the amino acid pool in the cytoplasm to ribosome during protein synthesis is called

[1997]

Detailed Solution for 31 Years NEET Previous Year Questions: Biomolecules - 3 - Question 3

mRNA or messenger RNA brings coded information  from DNA to form polypeptides. rRNA or ribosomal RNA occurs inside ribosomes and is involved in protein synthesis. 

31 Years NEET Previous Year Questions: Biomolecules - 3 - Question 4

Radioactive thymidine when added to the medium surrounding living mammalian cells gets incorporated into the newly synthesized DNA. Which of the following types of chromatin is expected to become radioactive if cells are exposed to radioactive thymidine as soon as they enter the S-phase ?

[1998]

Detailed Solution for 31 Years NEET Previous Year Questions: Biomolecules - 3 - Question 4

Heterochromatin is a specialized chromosome material which remains tightly coiled and stains darkly in interphase. Euchromatin is that portion of the chromosome that stains with low intensity and uncoils during interphase. In the beginning of S-sphase, DNA replication occurs. DNA replication can occur in diffuse/ less tightly coiled euchromatin.

31 Years NEET Previous Year Questions: Biomolecules - 3 - Question 5

The enormous diversity of protein molecules is due mainly to the diversity of

[1998]

Detailed Solution for 31 Years NEET Previous Year Questions: Biomolecules - 3 - Question 5

There are only 20 amino acids . These can be arranged in different order in the polypeptide chain to form a diverse array of proteins.

31 Years NEET Previous Year Questions: Biomolecules - 3 - Question 6

Cellulose, the most important constitutent of plant cell wall is made of

[1998]

Detailed Solution for 31 Years NEET Previous Year Questions: Biomolecules - 3 - Question 6

Cellulose is the structural polysaccharide of plant cell walls. They are long chain polymers of b-glucose units. The adjacent b-glucose units are joined by  linkages. 

31 Years NEET Previous Year Questions: Biomolecules - 3 - Question 7

Lactose is composed of

[1998]

Detailed Solution for 31 Years NEET Previous Year Questions: Biomolecules - 3 - Question 7

Lactose is a disaccharide that consists of b-D-galactose and b-D-glucose molecules bonded through a b1-4 glycosidic linkage. Lactose makes up around 2-8% of the solids in milk. The name comes from the Latin word for milk, plus the -ose ending used to name sugars.

31 Years NEET Previous Year Questions: Biomolecules - 3 - Question 8

Minor changes at gene level are described as

[1997]

Detailed Solution for 31 Years NEET Previous Year Questions: Biomolecules - 3 - Question 8

Gene mutation or point mutation is the change in expression of a gene caused by change in number sequence and  types of nucleotides. A mutation from a wild gene type to a new type is called forward mutation. Reversal of mutated gene to wild type is reverse mutation. Chromosomal mutations are changes in the morphology of chromosomes.

31 Years NEET Previous Year Questions: Biomolecules - 3 - Question 9

The secondary structure of that portion of an integral protein that is buried in the lipid bilayer of a cell membrane is

[1999]

Detailed Solution for 31 Years NEET Previous Year Questions: Biomolecules - 3 - Question 9

Secondary structure is development of new stearic relationships amongst the amino acids through formation of intra and inter polypeptide hydrogen bonds.

31 Years NEET Previous Year Questions: Biomolecules - 3 - Question 10

Length of one turn of the helix in a b-form DNA is approximately

[2000, 06]

Detailed Solution for 31 Years NEET Previous Year Questions: Biomolecules - 3 - Question 10

Length of one turn of DNA helix is 34Å.

31 Years NEET Previous Year Questions: Biomolecules - 3 - Question 11

Conjugated proteins containing carbohydrates as prosthetic group are known as

[2000]

Detailed Solution for 31 Years NEET Previous Year Questions: Biomolecules - 3 - Question 11

Besides polypeptides, conjugated proteins posses additional groups, metals or ions. Nucleoproteins are proteins associated with nucleic acids. Lipoproteins are proteins associated with lipids.
Chromoproteins are proteins associated with pigments. Glycoproteins are proteins having at their n- terminal and a simple or complex sugar residue. 

31 Years NEET Previous Year Questions: Biomolecules - 3 - Question 12

The transfer RNA molecule in 3D appears

[2000]

Detailed Solution for 31 Years NEET Previous Year Questions: Biomolecules - 3 - Question 12

Kim et al (1973) suggested L shape model of t- RNA by X-Ray diffraction while studying  phenyl alanine t - RNA of  yeast.

31 Years NEET Previous Year Questions: Biomolecules - 3 - Question 13

One of the similarities between DNA and RNA is that both

[2000]

Detailed Solution for 31 Years NEET Previous Year Questions: Biomolecules - 3 - Question 13

DNA and RNA are both polymers of nucleotides . DNA has deoxyribose sugar while RNA  has ribose sugar. DNA has thymine while RNA has uracil in place of thymine.

31 Years NEET Previous Year Questions: Biomolecules - 3 - Question 14

Feedback inhibition of an enzymatic reaction is caused by

[2000]

Detailed Solution for 31 Years NEET Previous Year Questions: Biomolecules - 3 - Question 14

Feedback inhibition is the process by where the end product terminates the reaction. The accumulation of the end product interferes with the enzymatic activity by changing the shape of its active site. On changing the shape of the active site, the substrate does not attach to the active site and thus the reaction terminates. During glycolysis, the glucose changes to glucose 6 phosphates in presence of hexokinase. When the amount of glucose 6 phosphate exceeds it deactivate hexokinase.
So, the correct answer is option A.

31 Years NEET Previous Year Questions: Biomolecules - 3 - Question 15

Enzymes enhance the rate of reaction by

[2000]

Detailed Solution for 31 Years NEET Previous Year Questions: Biomolecules - 3 - Question 15

Activation energy is the energy required to over come energy barrier of the reactants and make them reactive to start a chemical reaction. Enzymes lower the requirement of activation energy.

31 Years NEET Previous Year Questions: Biomolecules - 3 - Question 16

Which is an essential amino acid?

[2000]

Detailed Solution for 31 Years NEET Previous Year Questions: Biomolecules - 3 - Question 16

Essential amino acids are those which cannot be synthesized in the body from precursors. These amino acids must be present in our diet. They are Valine, Leucine, Isoleucine, Lysine, Methionine, Phenylalanine, Tryptophan and Threonine.

31 Years NEET Previous Year Questions: Biomolecules - 3 - Question 17

Due to discovery of which of the following in 1980 the evolution was termed as RNA world?

[2001]

Detailed Solution for 31 Years NEET Previous Year Questions: Biomolecules - 3 - Question 17

Ribozymes catalytically active RNA molecule discovered in 1980’s are self splicing introns indicating their possible role as intermediates in the evolution of biological systems from abiotic substances.

31 Years NEET Previous Year Questions: Biomolecules - 3 - Question 18

Most abundant organic compound on earth is

[2001]

Detailed Solution for 31 Years NEET Previous Year Questions: Biomolecules - 3 - Question 18

Cellulose is the most abundant organic compound, most abundant polysaccharide and most abundant bipolymer found on earth.

31 Years NEET Previous Year Questions: Biomolecules - 3 - Question 19

Types of RNA polymerase required in nucleus for RNA synthesis?

[2001]

Detailed Solution for 31 Years NEET Previous Year Questions: Biomolecules - 3 - Question 19

Eukaryotes have three types of  RNA polymerases :
(i)  RNA polymerase I - It is found in nucleus and is responsible for r-RNA synthesis.
(ii)  RNA polymerase II - It is found in nucleoplasm and is responsible for m-RNA synthesis.
(iii) RNA polymerase III-It is found in nucleoplasm and is responsbile for t-RNA and 5-S RNA synthesis.

31 Years NEET Previous Year Questions: Biomolecules - 3 - Question 20

Spoilage of oil can be detected by which fatty acid?

[2001]

Detailed Solution for 31 Years NEET Previous Year Questions: Biomolecules - 3 - Question 20

Erucic acid is a monounsaturated omega-9 fatty acid, denoted 22 : 1 w-9. It is prevalent in rapeseed, wallflower seed, and mustard seed, making up 40 to 50 percent of their oils. Erucic acid is also known as cis-13-docosenoic acid and the trans isomer is known as brassidic acid.

31 Years NEET Previous Year Questions: Biomolecules - 3 - Question 21

Lipids are insoluble in water because lipid molecules are

[2002]

Detailed Solution for 31 Years NEET Previous Year Questions: Biomolecules - 3 - Question 21

Water attracting molecules are called hydrophilic. Water repelling molecules are called hydrophobic. Amino acids carry simultaneously positive and negative charges. Such substances are called zwitter ions.  Lipids are compounds of C, H, O but the ratio of H and O is more than 2 : 1 that is the ratio of oxygen is lesser than  carbohydrates. Lipids are insoluble in  water but soluble in non-polar solvents such as benzene, chloroform etc. Commonest lipid found in a cell is phospholipid. It contains a hydrophilic (polar) head and a hydrophobic (non- polar tail). 

31 Years NEET Previous Year Questions: Biomolecules - 3 - Question 22

Which of the following is a reducing sugar?

[2002]

Detailed Solution for 31 Years NEET Previous Year Questions: Biomolecules - 3 - Question 22

Reducing sugar is any sugar that has an aldehyde group or is capable  of forming one in solution through isomerisation. Reducing monosaccharides include glucose, fructose, glyceraldehyde  and galactose. Many disaccharides,  like lactose and maltose also have a reducing form, as one of the two units may have an open- chain form with an aldehyde group.
However, sucrose and trehalose in which the anomeric carbons of the two units are linked together, are non reducing disaccharides since neither of the rings is capable of opening.

31 Years NEET Previous Year Questions: Biomolecules - 3 - Question 23

Collagen is

[2002]

Detailed Solution for 31 Years NEET Previous Year Questions: Biomolecules - 3 - Question 23

Collagen is a major fibrous protein of connective tissue occuring as white fibres produced by fibroblast.

31 Years NEET Previous Year Questions: Biomolecules - 3 - Question 24

Cancer cells are more easily damaged by radiation than normal cells because they are

[2004]

Detailed Solution for 31 Years NEET Previous Year Questions: Biomolecules - 3 - Question 24

Malignant cancer is caused by loss of control over cell’s reproduction capacity. The cells undergo rapid division. Therefore, they are more easily damaged by radiations than normal cells.

31 Years NEET Previous Year Questions: Biomolecules - 3 - Question 25

In which one of the following enzymes, is copper necessarily associated as an activator?

[2004]

Detailed Solution for 31 Years NEET Previous Year Questions: Biomolecules - 3 - Question 25

Tyrosinase (polyphenol oxidase, catecholase) is a copper-containing oxidase which is widely distributed in plants, animals and man. It oxidizes tyrosine to the pigment melanin in mammals and causes the cut surfaces of many fruits and vegetables darken (browning reactions).

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