Agriculture: CUET Mock Test - 2 - CUET Humanities MCQ

Rinderpest, also known as cattle plague, is a contagious viral disease affecting cloven- hoofed animals mainly cattle and buffalo. Rinderpest is caused by a virus of the family Paramyxoviridae, genus Morbillivirus.

Transplanting is an agronomical practice in which seedlings are moved and planted in growing places. Mid-July, mid-October, and February - March are suitable times for transplanting of marigold at spacing of 30 cm.

Bees are the pollinators of many of our crop species such as sunflower, Brassica, apple and pear. Keeping beehives in crop fields during flowering period increases pollination efficiency and improves the yield–beneficial both from the point of view of crop yield and honey yield.

Sclerenchymatous tissue is present in the husk of coconut, which contains dead cells with thickened cell walls due to deposition of lignin and hemicellulose. This makes husk of coconut hard and stiff. That is why it is difficult to remove.

Aerobic respiration produces more usable chemical energy than fermentation because fermentation involves partial oxidation of food.
During aerobic respiration, complete oxidation of food takes place. Thus, during it, a glucose molecule produces 36 ATP, while during fermentation, the food oxidises partially and instead of CO₂ + H₂O, formation of ethyl alcohol takes place with production of 2 ATP per glucose molecule.

Weeds are unwanted plants that grow along with the cultivated crop.
Weeds compete for food and take up nutrients from the soil. Thus, they reduce the yield of the main crop. Therefore, they should be removed as soon as possible.

• The benefits of Kitchen gardening are explained as follows:
• It improves Knowledge of family members about vegetable production.
• It is an ideal mean to convert leisure time into yields.
• It improves the standard of living by providing nutritious fresh vegetables and cutting down the expenditure on purchase of vegetables.
• It provides an opportunity for organic farming to get pesticides free vegetables.

Hence, 'It requires high maintenance and it is a costly procedure,' is not considered a benefit of kitchen gardening.

DNA recombination technology transfers genes from one organism to another and produces GMOs.

Alluvial soils vary in nature from sandy loam to clay. These soils lack in nitrogen, phosphorus and humus. However, they are generally rich in potash and lime.

Among the given facts, only (b) and (c) are true as Mango can be propagated both by sexual and asexual means but it is mainly propagated by veneer grafting, stone grafting, and soft-wood grafting in different parts of India. Also, the main method of commercial reproduction of mango plants is to combine selected scions (buds) of the desired parent tree (mother plant) with potted or transplanted seedlings (rootstock) by grafting. This is called inarching. For this purpose, about one-year-old seedlings are most suitable when they attain a height of about 30-45 cm and thickness ranging from 0.75 to 1.5 cm.

Artificial insemination (AI) is the deliberate introduction of sperm into a female's uterus or cervix for the purpose of achieving a pregnancy through in vivo fertilization.

Compost is a type of manure, and not a chemical fertilizer.
Compost is made from rotting organic material like vegetable peels, fruit peels, leaves etc.

Preparation of the soil involves loosening and turning it. Turning and loosening of soil brings nutrient-rich soil to the top. Plants can then absorb these nutrients more efficiently. The process of loosening and turning the soil is called tilling or ploughing.

Bund formers are used to make bunds in a field through which water runs to the crops, thus, making irrigation more efficient.

• Wheel barrow are used to transport small saplings and other materials in a field.
• Grass shear is used to trim the grass.
• Secateurs are often used to pluck flowers.
• A trowel is used to move soil in a field.

Sodium benzoate is a preservative used in jams. Benzoic acid is absorbed into the cell that decreases the intracellular pH. Hence, the anaerobic fermentation of glucose through phosphofructokinase decreases. This inhibits the survival of microorganisms that cause food spoilage.

The root growth of most of the field crops is confined to 10 - 20 cm depth and hence sampling up to 15 - 20 cm is enough for the field crops.

Thallophyta is a division of the plant kingdom including primitive forms of plant life showing a simple plant body. Including unicellular to large algae, fungi, lichens. The first ten phyla are referred to as thallophytes. They are simple plants without roots stems or leaves.

Polysaccharides are a complex type of sugars which are polymers of monosaccharides. These are non-sweet, non-reducing, larger in size, tasteless and insoluble in water.

Boron and calcium deficiency is a common deficiency of nutrients in plants. It is the most widespread micro-nutrient deficiency around the world and causes large losses in crop production and crop quality. Boron and calcium deficiency affects vegetative and reproductive growth of plants, resulting in inhibition of cell expansion, death of meristem, and reduced fertility. The deficiency symptoms of calcium and boron are observed on lower leaves of plants.

The total water requirement (ETm) after transplanting of a tomato crop grown in the field for 90 to 120 days, is 400 to 600 mm, depending on the climate.

• Greenhouse manure is not a type of manure. Manure is partially decomposed organic matter derived from plant and animal wastes.
• Farmyard manure is named so because this manure is formed from organic remains of farm animals and crop residue.
• Compost is a mixture of decomposed organic matter derived from vegetable waste, garbage, animal refuse, etc. It gets ready within 3-4 months.
• Vermicomposting is a quicker method of composting. Earthworms are introduced in the heap of organic matter.

The correct match is:

Rajasthan is a desert area with hot and dry conditions.
Kerala is located in the tropical region.
Greenland is a cold desert in the northern hemisphere.

All the statements are correct regarding irrigation.

• Irrigation provides sufficient moisture for the germination of seeds as seeds do not germinate in dry soil.
• Irrigation is also essential for the growth and elongation of the roots. This is because the roots of the crops fail to develop in dry soil. Water availability is a trigger for root development. Irrigation provides the plant with good amount of hydrogen and oxygen.

The rainfall, temperature, wind speed and moisture are the elements of weather.

Fertilisers do not provide any humus to the soil. They are rich in specific nutrients like NPK.

Untimely sowing of crops - If sowing is not done at proper timing, then weeds (unwanted plants) start growing very quickly. With proper seed bed preparation, the weeds in the crop field can be controlled. Use of resistant crop varieties is also useful in weed control as such varieties are resistant to the attack of weeds.
Summer ploughing system is an efficient method used to control weeds. In this method, fields are ploughed deep in summers to destroy weeds and pests.

Option 3 is correct because mitochondria are not found in prokaryotic cells and site for oxidative phosphorylation in prokaryotic cells is the cell membrane. Cytoplasmic ribosome size of prokaryotic cells is 70S. Ribosomal sub-units are 50S and 30S.

Glycine is the most simple amino acid, due to the presence of a hydrogen atom as the R group.
Glycine is optically inactive. The carbon is not a chiral carbon because it contains two hydrogen atoms. Hence, it cannot show optical activity.

Grapes are commercially propagated by hardwood cuttings. Cutting length should be 25 - 30 cm high, have at least 4 buds, and be as thick as a pencil. Best time for pruning preparation is the time of annual pruning in North India in mid-January.

The most common weed in Indian Lawn is: Cyperus Rotundus. It is especially predominant in subtropical conditions as a weed in both annual and perennial crops and in pastures, fallows, and waste areas.