BPSC TGT SST (Geography & Polity) Mock Test - 1 - Bihar PGT/TGT/PRT MCQ

‘So’ is used when one action takes place to make the other action take place.

अध्यापिका के बहुवचन रूप का सबसे अच्छा विकल्प अध्यापिकाएँ है।

• अध्यापिकाएँ से अर्थ है कि एक से अधिक अध्यापिका।

Key Pointsवचन :- शब्दों के उस रूप को जो किसी वस्तु के एक अथवा अनेक होने का बोध कराता है, उसे वचन कहते हैं।

वचन के दो भेद हैं -

सही उत्तर है - “बच्चे के लिए खिलौना लाओ”।

• अशुद्ध रूप: बच्चे ने खिलौना लाओ।
• शुद्ध रूप: बच्चे के लिए खिलौना लाओ।

Key Points

• बच्चे ने खिलौना लाओ। वाक्य में कारक सम्बंधी अशुद्धियाँ है।
• वाक्यों में कारक संबंधी गलत शब्दों के भी प्रयोग किए जाते हैं, जिस कारण वाक्य अशुद्ध हो जाता है।

Additional Information शुद्ध और अशुद्ध वाक्य के अन्य उदाहरण:–

• अशुद्ध वाक्य – उसने दो एकड़ पृथ्वी खरीदी।
  शुद्ध वाक्य – उसने दो एकड़ भूमि खरीदी।

• अशुद्ध वाक्य – मैं बड़ों की श्रद्धा करता हूँ।
  शुद्ध वाक्य – मैं बड़ों का आदर करता हूँ।

'परन्तू' का शुद्ध रूप- परन्तु

Key Points

• परन्तू शब्द में वर्तनी सम्बन्धी अशुद्धि है।
• संधि विच्छेद परम्+तु= परन्तु

Additional Information

• सुनने और बोलने (श्रवण और उच्चारण) के कारण शब्दों में कई अशुद्धियाँ (त्रुटियाँ – गलतियाँ) आ जाती हैं।
• हिन्दी की मात्राओं एवं व्याकरण के ज्ञान की कमी प्रायः इन शब्द और वर्तनी की अशुद्धियों का मुख्य कारण होती है।

'गवाछ' का शुद्ध रूप गवाक्ष है।

• अन्य शब्दों में वर्तनी संबंधी अशुद्धियाँ हैं वहीं गवाक्ष में कोई त्रुटि नहीं है।
  • गवाक्ष का अर्थ - खिड़की, झरोखा
  • वाक्य प्रयोग - प्राचीन भारत सामाजिक, सांस्कृतिक, आर्थिक और राजनैतिक संस्थानों का एक गवाक्ष है जो भारतीय सभ्यता को अपने आप में एक पहचान देता है।

Additional Information
अशुद्ध शब्दों के शुद्ध शब्द -

• अशुद्ध शब्द - शुद्ध शब्द
• प्रशन्न - प्रसन्न
• योधा - योद्धा
• संग्रहीत - संगृहीत
• ग्रहीत - गृहीत
• स्वयम्वर - स्वयंवर
• मतेक्य - मतैक्य
• ईच्छा - इच्छा
• संपत्ती - संपत्ति
• बावत - बाबत
• अभल - अनभल

वियोग शब्द 'वि' उपसर्ग से बना है।

• वि + योग = वियोग (वि उपसर्ग)
• 'वि' संस्कृत का उपसर्ग है।
• 'वि' उपसर्ग के उदाहरण - विवाद, विपक्ष, विशुद्ध।

Key Pointsअन्य विकल्प -

• विवाह + इक = वैवाहिक
• वीर मूल शब्द है।
• वीर + त्व = वीरक्त

Additional Informationउपसर्ग -

• उपसर्ग शब्द के शुरूआत में जुड़ते हैं और मूल शब्द का अर्थ बदल देते हैं।
• उदाहरण :- अप + यश = अपयश, अध + पका = अधपका, ना + लायक = नालायक, हाफ + टिकट = हाफटिकट आदि।
• हिन्दी में मुख्यतः चार प्रकार के उपसर्ग होते है :-
  • संस्कृत के उपसर्ग (प्र, परा, अप, सम्, अनु, अव, निस्, निर्, दुस्, दुर्, वि, आङ्, नि, अधि, अपि, अति, सु, उत्, अभि, प्रति, परि तथा उप)
  • हिंदी के उपसर्ग (अन, अध, उन, औ, कु, चौ, पच, पर, बिन, भर, स, सह, चिर, न, बहु, आप, सम, दु)
  • उर्दू के उपसर्ग (ला, बद, बे, कम, ग़ैर, ना, खुश, हम, ऐन, सर, बेश, बा, अल)
  • अंग्रेजी के उपसर्ग (ब, हाफ, को, हैड, वाइस)

दिए गए वाक्य का काल है - 'सामान्य भूतकाल'

• दिये गए वाक्य "आधुनिक युग की मीरा महादेवी वर्मा ने 'मेरा परिवार' नामक संस्‍मरण लिखा।" में भूतकाल का प्रयोग हुआ है। यह वाक्य बताता है कि कार्य पूर्णतः समाप्त हो चुका है, जिसके आधार पर इसे "सामान्य भूतकाल" में माना जा सकता है।

Key Points

X × 20 + 40 – 4 = X × 22
36 = 2X
X = 18
Hence, Option A is correct.

x% of a = y% of b
z × x% of a = z × y% of b

Hence, Option C is correct.

The natural vegetation reflects various factors such as temperature, rainfall, drainage, elevation, and soil conditions. These physical phenomena are interrelated and provide an understanding of the physical environment.

The ideal gas law combines Boyle's law, Charles's law, and Gay-Lussac's law into a single equation.

The plasma membrane, also known as the cell membrane, serves as a protective barrier surrounding the cell.

Anandmath is a Bengali novel written by Bankim Chandra Chatterjee, depicting the Sannyasi Rebellion of the late 18th century.

The Four Sights of an old man, a diseased person, an ascetic, and a dead person at the age of 29 moved Buddha to the path of renunciation.

The major domains of the Earth are:

A: Lithosphere - The solid outer layer of the Earth, including the crust and uppermost part of the mantle.

B: Hydrosphere - All the water on Earth's surface, including oceans, lakes, rivers, groundwater, and atmospheric water vapor.

D: Atmosphere - The layer of gases surrounding the Earth, composed primarily of nitrogen, oxygen, carbon dioxide, and other trace gases.

The stratosphere is a specific layer within the atmosphere, above the troposphere and below the mesosphere. It is not considered one of the major domains of the Earth.

Public services include public goods and governmental services such as the military, police, infrastructure (public roads, bridges, tunnels, water supply, sewers, electrical grids, telecommunications, etc.), public transit, public education, along with health care and those working for the government itself, such.

The Sun is the centre of our solar system and makes up 99.8 percent of the mass of the entire solar system.

• The Prime Meridian runs through Greenwich, England and is at 0° longitude. For many years, different countries measured longitude from different meridians.
• The French and Algerians, for example, used the Paris Meridian; the Swedes measured from one that passed through Stockholm.

Explanation:
India has a wide range of natural vegetation due to its climate condition. Here is a detailed explanation:
1. Climate diversity:
- India experiences various climatic conditions across different regions.
- The country has tropical, subtropical, and temperate climates, which support the growth of diverse types of vegetation.
2. Monsoon climate:
- The monsoon climate in India, characterized by heavy rainfall, is one of the major factors contributing to the rich vegetation.
- The southwest monsoon brings rain from June to September, while the northeast monsoon brings rainfall to the southeastern coast during October and November.
- These prolonged rainy seasons provide ample water for the growth of vegetation.
3. Himalayan range:
- The Himalayan mountain range in the northern part of India has a significant influence on the climate and vegetation.
- The higher altitudes have alpine vegetation, including coniferous forests, while the lower slopes have temperate forests.
- The Himalayas also act as a barrier, preventing the cold winds from the north, thus creating a favorable climate for vegetation.
4. Western Ghats and Eastern Ghats:
- The Western Ghats and Eastern Ghats are mountain ranges that run parallel to the western and eastern coasts of India, respectively.
- These ranges receive heavy rainfall due to the southwest monsoon winds, leading to the growth of dense tropical rainforests.
5. Coastal regions:
- India has a long coastline, which includes coastal plains and mangrove forests.
- The coastal regions have unique vegetation adapted to the saline and marshy conditions.
6. Biodiversity hotspots:
- India is known for its biodiversity hotspots, such as the Western Ghats and the Eastern Himalayas.
- These regions support a wide range of plant species, including endemic and rare ones.
In conclusion, the climate condition in India, which includes diverse climates, monsoon rainfall, the presence of mountain ranges, and coastal regions, contributes to the wide range of natural vegetation found in the country.

The term life span is most commonly confused with another important concept: life expectancy. While both terms relate to the number of living years, they actually define very different concepts. While the term life span refers to the maximum number of years an individual can live, life expectancy refers to an estimate or an average number of years a person can expect to live. Most simply put, life expectancy can be attributed to and impacted by an individual and their personal health history, genetics, and lifestyle, whereas life span holds for all living humans.

Hot weather season is also referred to as summer season that lasts from March to May. Warm weather season in India is characterized by warm days and warm nights. In India May is the hottest month. Average temperature in India during this season ranges from 32 – 40 °C.

More than 90% of the world's population lives in about 30% of the land surface. The 10 most populous countries of the world contribute about 60 percent of the world’s population.

Forest-based Industries:
They utilise forest produce as raw materials. The industries associated with forest are pulp and paper, pharmaceuticals, furniture and buildings.

Explanation:
The correct answer is B: B.R. Ambedkar.
- B.R. Ambedkar, also known as Babasaheb Ambedkar, was a prominent Indian jurist, economist, and politician who played a key role in drafting the Indian Constitution.
- He called the right to constitutional remedies as the heart and soul of the constitution.
- The right to constitutional remedies is enshrined in Article 32 of the Indian Constitution. It allows citizens to approach the Supreme Court of India for the enforcement of their fundamental rights.
- Ambedkar believed that without the right to constitutional remedies, the fundamental rights guaranteed by the constitution would be meaningless.
- He emphasized the importance of this right to ensure that individuals could seek justice and protection against any violation of their fundamental rights.
- Ambedkar's vision for the constitution was to provide a strong framework for protecting the rights and interests of all citizens, particularly the marginalized and oppressed sections of society.
In conclusion, B.R. Ambedkar called the right to constitutional remedies as the heart and soul of the constitution due to its vital role in safeguarding fundamental rights and ensuring justice for all citizens.

Answer:
In elections to a representative democracy, voters have the power to make several important choices. These choices include:
1. Choosing who will make laws:
- Voters have the ability to select the individuals who will represent them in legislative bodies, such as the parliament or congress.
- These elected representatives are responsible for creating and passing laws on behalf of the people.
2. Choosing who will form the government:
- Voters have the opportunity to select the political party or coalition of parties that will form the government.
- The party or coalition that receives the majority of votes or seats in the legislature typically forms the government.
3. Choosing the party whose policies will guide the government:
- Voters can choose the political party whose policies align with their own beliefs and priorities.
- The elected government usually implements policies and decisions based on the party's platform and agenda.
Therefore, the correct answer is D: All of the above. Voters in a representative democracy play a crucial role in determining the direction and governance of their country by making these choices during elections.

The correct option is Option A.

Ideally, the tenure of the Prime Minister is five years. However, he can resign before the completion of his term or he can be removed if a vote of no-confidence motion is passed against him.

Leaders inspired by French Revolution, British parliamentary system and the Bill of Rights of the US. They also learnt what the British were denying Indian citizens.

The drafting of the document called the constitution was done by an assembly of elected representatives called the Constituent Assembly. Elections to the Constituent Assembly were held in July 1946. Its first meeting was held in December 1946. Soon after, the country was divided into India and Pakistan.

Motive of Reserved Constituencies:
The motive of reserved constituencies is to ensure proper representation to the weaker sections of society, specifically the Scheduled Castes (SC) and Scheduled Tribes (ST). This practice is implemented in many countries, including India, to address historical and social disadvantages faced by these marginalized communities. The reservation of seats in legislative bodies aims to provide a platform for their voices to be heard and their interests to be represented effectively. Here are the key reasons behind the establishment of reserved constituencies:
1. Ensuring representation:
Reserved constituencies provide an opportunity for SC and ST communities to have their own representatives in legislative bodies, thus ensuring their voices are heard in the decision-making process. This helps in addressing their specific concerns and interests.
2. Overcoming historical disadvantages:
Historically, SCs and STs have been subjected to discrimination, social exclusion, and economic disadvantages. Reserved constituencies aim to mitigate these disparities and provide a platform for their political participation and representation.
3. Promoting social justice:
Reserved constituencies contribute to the larger goal of social justice by providing equal opportunities for political representation to all sections of society. It helps in creating a more inclusive and balanced political system.
4. Empowerment and upliftment:
Through reserved constituencies, SCs and STs are empowered to actively participate in the political process, which can lead to their overall upliftment and development. It provides them with a platform to advocate for their rights and work towards addressing the issues faced by their communities.
5. Reducing discrimination and prejudice:
Reserved constituencies act as a mechanism to reduce discrimination and prejudice against SCs and STs by giving them a fair chance to participate in the democratic process. It challenges the dominance of privileged groups and promotes social cohesion.
In conclusion, the motive behind reserved constituencies is to ensure proper representation and address historical disadvantages faced by marginalized communities such as SCs and STs. This practice promotes social justice, empowers the weaker sections, and contributes to a more inclusive and balanced political system.

United Nations Day is observed on October 24th each year to commemorate the organization's founding and promote its goals and achievements.