BPSC TGT SST (History & Polity) Mock Test - 2 - Bihar PGT/TGT/PRT MCQ

It tells ‘when’ the movie started.

‘ढीठ’ पर्यावाची शब्द का अर्थ अविनीत है।

ढीठ का पर्यायवाची धृष्ट, उद्दंड, दुस्साहसी हैं।

वाक्य वर्तमान काल का है - 'मानव पढ़ता है l'

• क्रिया के जिस रूप से यह पता चले की काम अभी हो रहा है, उसे वर्तमान काल कहते हैं।
• जिन वाक्यों के अंत में ता, ती, ते, है, हैं आते हैं, वो वर्तमान काल कहलाता है।
  • जैसे - अमित क्रिकेट खेलता है।

Key Points

• भूतकाल - मोहन गया l
• अपूर्ण भूतकाल - सीता सो रही थी l
• भविष्य काल - वह जाएगा

Additional Information

स्त्रीलिंग-पुल्लिंग का अशुद्ध युग्म सेठ – सेठनी है।

• क्योंकि सेठ का स्त्रीलिंग 'सेठानी; होता है

Mistake Points

• अन्य शुद्ध विकल्प है:
  • लाला - लाली (लाला छोटा बालक, लाली छोटी बालिका, यह देशज प्रकार के शब्द है।)
  • संचालक - संचालिका (किसी संस्था के संचालक यदि पुल्लिंग होतो संचालक और स्त्रीलिंग होतो संचालिका होगा)
  • शिक्षक - शिक्षिका (शिक्षक पुल्लिंग, शिक्षिका स्त्रीलिंग शब्द)

Key Points

विशेष:

शुद्ध शब्द है - 'सौहार्द'

• सौहार्द - मैत्री, मित्रता, दोस्ती

Mistake Points

• 'निरोग' की शुद्ध वर्तनी 'नीरोग' होगी।
  • 'नीरोग' का अर्थ है 'रोग रहित या स्वस्थ'।
• 'अम्न' की शुद्ध वर्तनी 'अमन' होगी।
  • 'अमन' का अर्थ है 'शांति-सुकून की स्थिति'।
• 'पुनरावलोकन' की शुद्ध वर्तनी 'पुनरवलोकन' होगी।
  • पुनरवलोकन का अर्थ है 'किसी किए हुए कार्य को फिर से देखना या करना'।

Key Points

• किसी शब्द में आये हुए अक्षरों को मात्राओं सहित कहने या लिखने की रीति को वर्तनी कहते हैं।
• वर्तनी का सीधा सम्बन्ध उच्चारण से होता है।
• यदि उच्चारण शुद्ध होगा तो वर्तनी शुद्ध होगी और यदि उच्चारण अशुद्ध होगा तो वर्तनी भी अशुद्ध होगी।

Additional Information कुछ अशुद्ध से शुद्ध शब्द:-

• अशुद्ध - शुद्ध
• परिशिष्ठ - परिशिष्ट
• न्यौछावर - न्योछावर
• दुरपयोग - दुरुपयोग
• तुष्टिकरण - तुष्टीकरण
• ज्योत्सना - ज्योत्स्ना
• ग्रहकार्य - गृहकार्य

1st term = 3
2nd term = 3 + 9 = 12
3rd term = 12 + 15 = 27
4th term = 27 + 21 = 48
5th term = 48 + 27 = 75
6th term = 75 + 33 = 108

Thus, the missing term is 7th term = 103 + 39 = 147

As Water of a River flows similarly water of Pool is Stagnant.

Runs → A : B = (16 – 1) : 16 = 15 : 16

Hence, Option A is correct.

The HCF and LCM of two numbers are 12 and 924.
Let the numbers be 12p and 12q where p and q are prime to each other.
∴ LCM = 12pq
∴ 12pq = 924
⇒ pq = 77
∴ Possible pairs are (1 , 77) and (7 ,11)
Hence , required answer is 2.

Simuka is considered to be the founder of the Satavahana dynasty, immediately active after Ashoka's death.

D is the correct option.Indus Valley Civilization was one of those early urban civilizations that were originated in 2300 BC which was developed in the river basins of Sutlej, Ravi, and Indus. When the archaeologists started exploring this place, many proofs regarding the Harappan culture and Indus Valley trade were found. Historians claim that this was the land of early development where trade and agricultural economy came into existence.
There are references in Mesopotamian literature to its merchants carrying on trade with Meluha which is now understood to mean India. Some Harappan seals have been found in Mesopotamia and vice-versa.
Most of the metals and precious stones discovered from different sites were not locally available and, therefore, must have been imported from outside.
 

A is the correct option.

• Arikamedu is an archaeological site in Southern India, in Kakkayanthope, Ariyankuppam Commune, Puducherry. 
• The 1st century CE Greco-Roman text Periplus of the Erythraean Sea refers to Korkai as Colchis 
• Tyndis Port also has some vague reference as 'Tondi' in Sangam period literature. 
• Bharuch formerly known as Broach, is a city at the mouth of the river Narmada in Gujarat in ... It was known to the Greeks and Romans as Barygaza, and probably had a settlement of Greek traders. 
• Kannur is an ancient port town that finds mention in Greek literature as the port of Naura. In medieval history, Kannur was one of the most important trading ports 
   

• By the end of the fourth century BC, there was a deadly famine in the Ganges valley. Many Jain monks led by Bhadrabahu and Chandragupta Maurya came to Sravana Belgola in Karnataka.

• Some stayed in North India and were led by a monk named Sthulabhadra. He changed the code of conduct for the monks. It led to Jainism's division into two sects, Svetambaras (white-clad) and Digambaras (sky-clad or naked).

• The first Jain Council was held at Pataliputra by Sthulabhadra at the beginning of the third century BC.

• According to the Digambara sect of Jainism, there were five Sliruta Kevalins in Jainism-Govarddhana Mahamuni, Vishnu, Nandimitra, Aparajita and Bhadrabahu.

• Shruta Kevalin is a term used in Jainism for those ascetics who have complete Jain Agama knowledge (texts).

The correct option is D.
 All the statements are correct.

The Correct Answer is A: Neolithic Age

Neolithic Age: The Transition to Food Production
The transition from the food-gathering stage, where early humans relied solely on hunting and gathering, to the food-producing stage, where they began to cultivate crops and domesticate animals, is attributed to the Neolithic Age. Here's why:
• Introduction of Agriculture: The Neolithic Age, which roughly spans from 10,000 BCE to 3,000 BCE, saw the advent of agriculture. This period is often referred to as the New Stone Age, and it was during this time that humans began to grow their own food, leading to a shift from nomadic hunting and gathering to settled agricultural communities.
• Domestication of Animals: Alongside the cultivation of crops, the Neolithic Age also marked the beginning of animal domestication. Early humans began to raise and breed animals for food, labor, and other uses. This not only provided a steady source of food but also allowed for the development of new, more settled lifestyles.
• Settlements and Societies: With the advent of food production, humans were able to settle in one place, leading to the formation of villages and eventually larger societies. This was a significant shift from the previous Mesolithic Age, where humans lived in small, nomadic groups.
• Technological Innovations: The transition to food production brought about significant technological and cultural changes. Innovations in tool-making, such as the creation of more sophisticated stone tools, pottery, and weaving, became possible because people had more time to devote to tasks other than food procurement.

In conclusion, the Neolithic Age marked a significant turning point in human history, as it was during this time that humans transitioned from a lifestyle of hunting and gathering to one of agriculture and settlement, laying the foundation for the rise of civilizations.

Explanation: - Bindusara was the second Mauryan emperor of India and ruled between 297-272 BCE. - Megasthenes was a Greek historian and diplomat who served as an ambassador of Seleucus I to the court of Chandragupta Maurya, Bindusara's father. - After Megasthenes, Deimachos was appointed as the ambassador of Antiochos I, who was the ruler of the Seleucid Empire, in the court of Bindusara. Main points:

• Megasthenes was the ambassador of Seleucus I to Chandragupta Maurya's court.
• Bindusara was the second Mauryan emperor of India.
• Deimachos replaced Megasthenes as the ambassador of Antiochos I in Bindusara's court.

• The Akhil Bharatiya Hindu Mahasabha was formed in 1906 much after the formation of the Pune Mahasabha. M.G. Ranade established Poona Sarvajanik Sabha in 1870 along with Ganesh Vasudeo and others.

• The Hindu Mahasabha was formed to protect the Hindu community's rights in British India, after the formation of the All India Muslim League in 1906 and the British India government’s creation of separate Muslim electorate under the Morley-Minto reforms of 1909.

• It did not advocate radical reforms as Swadeshi or Swaraj. It was a socio-political organisation in British India that started to work as a mediating body between the government and people of India.

• The organisation was a precursor to the Indian National Congress, which started with Maharashtra's first session. The Pune Sarvajanik Sabha provided many of the prominent national stature leaders to the Indian freedom struggle, including Bal Gangadhar Tilak. It was formed in 1870 by S. H. Chiplunkar, Ganesh Vasudeo Joshi and Mahadev Govind Ranade.

Emergence of New States

• Through the 18th century, the Mughal Empire gradually fragmented into a number of independent, regional states.
• It can be divided into three overlapping groups:

1. States that were old Mughal provinces like Awadh, Bengal, and Hyderabad. Although extremely powerful and quite independent, the rulers of these states did not break their formal ties with the Mughal emperor.
2. States that had enjoyed considerable independence under the Mughals as watan jagirs. These included several Rajput principalities.
3. States under the control of Marathas, Sikhs and others like the Jats. They all had seized their independence from the Mughals after a long-drawn armed struggle.

The State of Hyderabad was founded by Qamar-ud-din Siddiqi, who was appointed Viceroy of the Deccan, with the title of Nizam-ul- Mulk, by Emperor Farrukhsiyar in 1712. He established a virtually independent state but returned to Delhi during the reign of Emperor Mohammad Shah.

Hence, the correct option is 'B'.

Article 29 protects the interests of the minorities by making a provision that any citizen/section of citizens having a distinct language, script or culture have the right to conserve the same. 
In the light of judicial decisions/decrees right to privacy is protected as an intrinsic part of life and personal liberty enshrined under Article 21 of the Indian Constitution.

Answer:
Introduction:
Kosovo is a disputed territory located in the Balkan Peninsula of Europe. It has a complex history and has been part of different countries throughout time.
Part of Yugoslavia:
- Kosovo was a part of Yugoslavia, a country in Southeast Europe that existed from 1918 to 2003.
- Yugoslavia was initially formed after World War I and included various regions, including Kosovo.
- During the existence of Yugoslavia, Kosovo was an autonomous province within the country.
Separation from Yugoslavia:
- In the 1990s, Yugoslavia began to disintegrate due to political and ethnic tensions.
- Kosovo sought greater autonomy and eventually declared independence from Yugoslavia in 1991.
- This declaration of independence was not recognized by the Yugoslav government.
Conflict with Serbia:
- Following Kosovo's declaration of independence, conflicts arose between ethnic Albanians (the majority in Kosovo) and the Serbian government.
- Serbia refused to recognize Kosovo's independence, considering it as part of its territory.
- The conflict escalated into a full-scale war in 1998, resulting in a NATO intervention in 1999.
Kosovo's current status:
- After the war, Kosovo came under the administration of the United Nations.
- In 2008, Kosovo unilaterally declared independence from Serbia.
- As of now, Kosovo is recognized as an independent state by a significant number of countries, but Serbia and some others still do not recognize its independence.
Conclusion:
Kosovo was part of Yugoslavia before declaring independence and is currently a disputed territory, with some countries recognizing it as an independent state and others not.

The principles of United Nations are:

• Equal rights for all memeber countries.
• No use of threat or force in international relations
• All the member countries must obey the Charter.
• Need to ensure that non-United Nations Members act in accordance with its Principles
• Non-intervention in domestic affairs by the United Nations.

Our Constitution provide us with an independent and integrated judiciary .It is called independent as it can hear appeal against the action of high court ,it can change the death sentence if wanted and it's is called integrated as at the apex court of the country's the judicial system is the supreme court which is the head of law of land,it comprises of chief justice of India and other 25 judges. 

Political rights include natural justice (procedural fairness) in law, such as the rights of the accused, including the right to a fair trial; due process; the right to seek redress or a legal remedy; and rights of participation in civil society and politics such as freedom of association, the right to assemble. 
Right to freedom is a Fundamental right.

In a democracy, the power of the government is limited by constitutional law and citizens’ rights.

Why is the U.S. government imprisoning people at Guantanamo Bay?
There are several reasons why the U.S. government has imprisoned people at Guantanamo Bay, including:
1. Link to 9/11 Attack: The U.S. government considered the prisoners as enemies and linked them to the terrorist attack on September 11, 2001, in New York. They believed that these individuals were associated with or supported terrorist organizations such as Al-Qaeda.
2. National Security Concerns: The government believed that the individuals held at Guantanamo Bay posed a threat to national security. They were suspected of being involved in terrorist activities or having valuable information about such activities.
3. Lack of Legal Protections: Guantanamo Bay, located in Cuba, has been used as a detention facility outside the jurisdiction of U.S. courts. This allowed the government to detain individuals without the same legal protections guaranteed by the U.S. Constitution. The lack of due process and extended detention without trial have been subjects of criticism.
4. Intelligence Gathering: The U.S. government aimed to extract information from the detainees regarding terrorist organizations, their plans, and their networks. Guantanamo Bay became a location for enhanced interrogation techniques, which have been controversial due to allegations of torture and human rights abuses.
5. International Law Considerations: The treatment and legal status of the detainees at Guantanamo Bay have raised concerns about compliance with international law, including the Geneva Conventions. The indefinite detention without trial and conditions of confinement have been criticized by human rights organizations and some foreign governments.
It is important to note that the justification and legality of the imprisonment at Guantanamo Bay have been subjects of much debate and controversy, with calls for its closure and the transfer of detainees to U.S. soil for fair trials.

Analysis of the Statements

• Assertion (A): India's Increased Awareness
  • This statement highlights that India has become more conscious of its capabilities and the global expectations placed upon it.
  • India's advancements in areas like technology, science, and defense have played a significant role in enhancing its self-awareness.
  • Furthermore, India's growing economic and political influence globally has led to higher expectations regarding its participation in international affairs.
  • Hence, the assertion is deemed to be true.
• Reason (R): Evolution from Non-Alignment to Multi-Alignment
  • This statement serves as a rationale supporting the assertion.
  • India's shift from its traditional Non-Alignment policy towards forming multiple partnerships and alliances with various nations, termed as "Multi-Alignment," is acknowledged.
  • By pursuing this strategy, India aims to expand its economic and diplomatic relations across different regions and advance its strategic interests.
  • However, it is important to note that while this shift in foreign policy is significant, it may not be the sole factor contributing to India's heightened awareness of its capabilities and global expectations.

Additional Information

• The Non-Aligned Movement emerged during the Cold War period.
• Established in 1961 by countries like India, Yugoslavia, Egypt, and Indonesia, the movement aimed to maintain neutrality amidst the rivalry between the United States and the Soviet Union.
• It was grounded on principles of independence, sovereignty, and territorial integrity.
• Primarily comprising developing nations, the movement sought to pursue independent foreign policies aligned with their national interests.

The United Nations is an international organization that promotes peace, cooperation, and friendly relations among nations.

The head of Drafting Committee Dr Ambedkar was the original brain behind the constitution making. Ambedkar made India" Union of States".

New Delhi is the capital city of India.

Overview of Inder Kumar Gujral's Foreign Policy

• Key Contributions:
  • Gujral Ideology: Inder Kumar Gujral is known for his unique ideology in Indian foreign policy.
  • CTBT Refusal: He declined to sign the Comprehensive Test Ban Treaty in October 1996.
• Gujral Doctrine:
  • It consists of five principles guiding India's foreign policy towards neighboring countries.
  • Non-reciprocity: Gujral's policy emphasized giving without expecting reciprocity from immediate neighbors like Bangladesh, Bhutan, the Maldives, Nepal, and Sri Lanka.
  • Non-interference: No country in South Asia should allow its territory to be used against the interests of another regional nation.
  • Respect for Sovereignty: Each South Asian country's geographical integrity and sovereignty must be respected.
  • Peaceful Resolution: Disagreements between nations should be peacefully resolved through bilateral dialogue.

Therefore, Inder Kumar Gujral, as Prime Minister, implemented a foreign policy of providing non-reciprocal concessions to neighboring states, as outlined in his principles.