Bihar Police Constable Mock Test - 8 - Bihar Police Constable MCQ

The correct option is B.
The empire was divided into a number of Iqtas.
Iqtadars administered the Iqtas.
Iqtas further were divided into smaller units called Parganas, Shiqqs, and the villages.
Amil or Munsif – an important official of the Pargana.

The correct transformation of the sentence from active to passive voice is:

"You should not offer meat to vegetarians."

The transformed sentence in passive voice is: "Vegetarians should not be offered meat."

Therefore, the correct answer is option C: "Vegetarians should not be offered meat."

• दिए गए विकल्पों में से शुद्ध वाक्य 'पंकज इस लेख को सरलता से पढ़ सकता है।' है।
• अन्य विकल्प में बनावट संबंधी अशुद्धि है। 

Solar energy - Greenhouse effect - Incorrect

• The term ‘Greenhouse effect’ has been derived from a phenomenon that occurs in a greenhouse.
• A greenhouse looks like a small glasshouse and is used for growing plants, especially during winter.
• In a greenhouse, the glass panel lets the light in but does not allow heat to escape.
• Therefore, the greenhouse warms up, very much like inside a car that has been parked in the sun for a few hours. 
• The greenhouse effect is a naturally occurring phenomenon that is responsible for heating of Earth’s surface and atmosphere.
• Solar energy is trapped by the earth atmosphere and radiates slowly so as to cover our earth with a warm blanket.
• This is the natural process of the greenhouse effect on earth to maintain its temperature and makes the earth perfect for life.
• Without the greenhouse effect, the average temperature at the surface of Earth would have been a chilly –18°C rather than the present average of 15°C.
• Carbon dioxide, methane and water vapour are the major greenhouse gases that absorb the infrared radiation from the Earth and re-emit it.
• It is not caused due to solar energy but due to greenhouse gasses.

Thus, the solar energy-greenhouse effect is not the correct pair.

Additional Information

Fossil fuel-burning - Release of CO₂ - Correct

• Carbon dioxide (CO₂) is released into the atmosphere by respiration, the burning of fossil fuels for energy.
• In recent years, their quantities have increased significantly due to the burning of fossil fuels.
• The increased amount of CO₂ in the air is mainly responsible for global warming.

Nuclear power - Radioactive wastes - Correct

• Initially, nuclear energy was hailed as a non-polluting way of generating electricity.
• Later on, it was realised that the use of nuclear energy has very serious inherent problems i.e. the generation of radioactive waste.
• Safe disposal of radioactive wastes is important in nuclear power energy factories.
• Improper disposal of nuclear waste can cause serious physical and biological deformities in living organisms when directly exposed to them. 

Biomass burning - Release of CO₂  - Correct

• Biomass burning means the burning of living or dead vegetation.
• It happens during land cleaning in the agriculture process when crops are out of the field.
• In this process, a high amount of CO₂ is released into the environment.

Factors that helped Shivaji in his raids:
1. The gradual decline of the Portuguese power on the western coast:
- The Portuguese had been a dominant force on the western coast, but their power was gradually declining during Shivaji's time.
- This decline weakened their ability to resist Shivaji's raids and allowed him to exploit their weak defenses.
2. The able assistance of Bijapur and Golcunda:
- Shivaji received support from the Sultanates of Bijapur and Golcunda in his raids.
- These Sultanates were rivals of the Mughals and saw Shivaji as a valuable ally against the Mughal Empire.
- Their assistance provided Shivaji with additional resources and manpower, increasing his chances of success in his raids.
3. Mughal preoccupation with the Afghan uprising in the northwest:
- The Mughal Empire was facing a significant challenge in the form of an Afghan uprising in the northwest region.
- This preoccupation with internal conflicts diverted their attention and resources away from dealing with Shivaji's raids.
- Shivaji took advantage of this situation and launched his attacks on the Mughal provinces of Berar, Baglana, and Khandesh.
4. None of these:
- This option is incorrect as there were clear factors that helped Shivaji in his raids, as mentioned above.
In conclusion, the factors that helped Shivaji in his raids include the decline of Portuguese power, assistance from Bijapur and Golcunda, and the Mughal Empire's preoccupation with the Afghan uprising. These factors created favorable conditions for Shivaji to successfully carry out his raids.

Explanation of the Iqta system:

• Grant of taxation over lands: The Iqta system was a system of land distribution in the medieval Islamic world where officials were given control over land in exchange for military or administrative services. This was a grant of taxation over lands.


• Role of Muqti: The officer holding the charge of a large iqta was known as a Muqti. The Muqti was responsible for collecting revenue from the land and ensuring its proper administration.


• Significance of Iqta: The iqta was a piece of landed property received by a person from the state. It signified 'revenue assignments' and was a way for the state to compensate officials for their services.


• Conclusion: Therefore, all of the above statements regarding the Iqta system are correct. It was a grant of taxation over lands, the officer holding the charge of a large iqta was known as Muqti, and the iqta signified revenue assignments.

The word Accord (Noun) means : a formal agreement between two organisations, countries etc.
Its antonym should be disagreement 

"ध" और "द"  दंत्य वर्ण है। 

दन्त्य वर्ण- जिन वर्णों का उच्चारण ऊपर के दांतों पर जीभ के लगने से होता है, उसे दन्त्य वर्ण कहते हैं। जैसे- त, थ, द, ध, न, ल, और दन्त्य स।

Polygyny: polygamy in which a man has more than one wife.
Polyphony: the style of simultaneously combining a number of parts, each forming an individual melody and harmonizing with each other.
Polyandry: polygamy in which a woman has more than one husband.
Polychromy: the art of painting in several colours, especially as applied to ancient pottery, sculpture, and architecture.

वाक्य के अनुसार नदी का बहुवचन शब्द नदियों होगा।

Confusion Points

• नदी का बहुवचन शब्द नदियाँ भी हो सकता है परन्तु उपरोक्त वाक्य के अनुसार सटीक शब्द नदियों ही होगा।

Key Pointsबहुवचन शब्द

• शब्द के जिस रूप से अनेकता का बोध हो उसे बहुवचन कहते हैं।
• जैसे-लड़के, गायें, कपड़े, टोपियाँ

एकवचन शब्द

• शब्द के जिस रूप से एक ही वस्तु का बोध हो, उसे एकवचन कहते हैं।
• जैसे-लड़का, गाय, सिपाही, बच्चा, कपड़ा, माता, माला, पुस्तक, स्त्री, टोपी बंदर, मोर आदि।

Additional Information

Answer:
National Consumers Day falls on 24 December.
Explanation:
National Consumers Day is observed in many countries to promote consumer rights and raise awareness about the importance of consumer protection. In India, National Consumers Day is celebrated on 24 December each year in memory of the enactment of the Consumer Protection Act, 1986.
Here is a detailed explanation of the options given:
A: 31 March
- This date is not the correct answer for National Consumers Day.
B: 23 August
- This date is not the correct answer for National Consumers Day.
C: 24 December
- This is the correct answer for National Consumers Day.
- It is celebrated on this day in India to commemorate the enactment of the Consumer Protection Act, 1986.
D: 25 January
- This date is not the correct answer for National Consumers Day.
In conclusion, National Consumers Day falls on 24 December.

A is the correct option.As a result of Nur Jahan's machinations against him, Mahabat Khan decided to take action, and so in 1626, he led an army of loyal Rajput soldiers to the Punjab. ... Mahabat Khan and his forces attacked the royal encampment, and successfully took the emperor hostage; Nur Jahan, however, managed to escape.

As per the given above sentence is given in Passive Voice.
Use structure “auxiliary + past participle”
Grass is not eaten by a lion, however hungry he may be.
Hence , option A will be correct answer .

When the quantity of acids in the raining water is more than the average, then such rain is called 'Acid rain'.

We are aware that normally rainwater has a pH of 5.6.  When the pH of the rainwater drops below 5.6, it is called acid rain.

Acid rain refers to the ways in which acid from the atmosphere is deposited on the earth’s surface. Oxides of nitrogen and sulphur which are acidic in nature can be blown by the wind along with solid particles in the atmosphere and finally settle down either on the ground as dry deposition or in water, fog and snow as wet deposition.

∴ The average pH value of the acid rain is 4 to 5 and hence the average value of 4.5.

The bad effects of acid rain

• When acid rain falls and flows as groundwater to reach rivers, lakes etc, it affects plants and animal life in the aquatic ecosystem
• Acid rain is harmful to agriculture, trees and plants as it dissolves and washes away nutrients needed for their growth
• It causes respiratory ailments in human beings and animal
• It may also cause corrosion in many buildings bridges, monuments, fencing etc
• It causes irritation in the eyes and skin of human beings
• This rain reduces the lustre of the metals too
• Acid rain damages buildings and other structures made of stone or metal
• The Taj Mahal in India has been affected by acid rain

Synonym of Timid is Shy.
Shy usually means you are too embarrassed to say anything, like a shy person at a party doesn't want to join the conversation.
Timid like Maria said, is fearful of things, usually you imagine the word "timid" with a mouse, if you are timid like a mouse, you are cautious of everything around you and won't take risks unless you have to.

Unscrupulous means having or showing no moral principles whereas conscientious means wishing to do one's work or duty well. Therefore, Unscrupulous is the antonym of Conscientious. 

In the given context we are talking about the way in which he convinced his parents for the school trip and since he did it very quickly, it is evident that it was a very easy thing to do by his standard.

A Stalking horse: Pretence 
A slap on the wrist: A very mild punishment 
A piece of cake: Something that is very easy to achieve 
A toss-up: An uncertain result that can go either way 
Among the given options, it is clear that option C is correct in the given context as it expresses the actual meaning of the given context.
This makes option C the correct choice among the given options.

Ingress means the action or fact of going in or entering; the capacity or right of entrance

The driveway is overgrown with brush and requires trimming to allow ingress

सही उत्तर मिश्र वाक्य है।

Key Points

• जहाँ गंगा, यमुना बहती है, वह देश उपजाऊ है। मिश्र वाक्य है।
• जिस वाक्य में एक प्रधान उपवाक्य तथा एक या एक से अधिक आश्रित उपवाक्य हों उसे मिश्र वाक्य कहते हैं।
• मिश्र वाक्य के सभी उपवाक्य योजक शब्दों से प्रारंभ हों तो वाक्य का अंतिम उपवाक्य प्रधान उपवाक्य तथा शेष सभी उपवाक्य आश्रित उपवाक्य होंगे।
  • उदाहरण- मेरा दृढ़ विश्वास है कि भारत जीतेगा।
  • सफल वही होता है जो परिश्रम करता है।

Additional Information

The enlightened master, Kabir left his body in Maghar in January 1518, Magh Shukl Ekadashi according to the Hindu calendar in Vikram Samvat 1575. After Kabir's death his tomb was built at Magahar.

The correct phrasal verb with verb ‘stem’ is ‘stem from’.

Stem from: to be caused by (something or someone).

Ex: Most of her health problems stem from an accident she had when she was five.

Hence, option A is correct.

Options B and C are grammatically incorrect because the sentence uses ‘were’ which should be accompanied by verb in the ‘-ing’ form while these options do not use the suggested form of verb.
‘Crying wolf’ is contextually incorrect here.
‘Barking up the wrong tree’ will be suitable here as it suggests that the scientists were taking an ineffective course of action in suggesting the preventive methods.
Bark up the wrong tree : to attempt or pursue a futile course of action, often by making some kind of suggestion or request.
Stir up a hornet’s nest : to create, provoke, or trigger a dangerous, troublesome, or complicated situation.
Upset someone’s applecart : to ruin or interfere with one's plans or goals.
Cry wolf : to claim that something is happening when it really isn't.
Correct Sentence :
In the initial months of Covid-19, scientists were sometimes barking up the wrong tree in their recommendation on preventive steps.
Hence, the correct answer is option A. 

• Sterile means barren-unable to produce any child or offspring; unproductive that means barren.
  Another meaning of it is not imaginative or creative.
• Barren means (used about land or soil) not good enough for plants to grow on
• Arid means (used about land or climate) very dry; with little or no rain
• Fertile means (used about land or soil) that plants grow well in
• Dry means without liquid in it or on it; not wet

Hence Correct Answer is Option A

उपर्युक्त विकल्पों में से विकल्प 4 ‘निरामिष’ सही उत्तर है। अन्य विकल्प असंगत हैं।

Key Points

• 'सामिष' का सही विलोम शब्द 'निरामिष' है।
• सामिष​ और आमिष का अर्थ – मांस से युक्त।
• निरामिष​ का अर्थ – मांसरहित। (जो माँस नही खाता)

अन्य विकल्प -

Additional Information

• Waste produced in the health care sector can prove highly hazardous, more so in the pandemic era.
• Biomedical waste is any waste containing infectious or potentially infectious materials.
• These wastes are generated during the diagnosis, treatment, and immunization of humans and animals.
• Biomedical wastes can be in both solid and liquid forms. Examples of biomedical wastes include:
• Waste sharps such as needles, lancets, syringes, scalpels, and broken glass
• Human tissues or identifiable body parts (as a result of amputation)
• Animal tissues and waste from veterinary hospitals, Used bandages, dressings, gloves, and other medical supplies
• Liquid waste from infected areas, Laboratory wastes

Biomedical wastes are distinct from regular garbage and require particular disposal and treatment.

Important Points 

The World Health Organization (WHO) has categorized biomedical waste into eight categories. They are:

• Infectious Waste – Any biomedical waste that is infectious or contaminated.
• Sharps – Sharps objects like needles, scalpels, broken glass, and razors.
• Pathological Waste – Body parts of humans or animals, including tissues, fluids, or blood.
• Pharmaceutical Waste – Unused drugs, medicine, or creams that are expiring.
• Genotoxic Waste – Toxic drugs and hazardous toxic waste
• Radioactive Waste – Any waste containing potentially radioactive materials
• Chemical Waste – Liquid waste from machines, batteries, and disinfectants is chemical.
• General/Other Waste – All other non-hazardous waste.

Additional Information

Color-coded bins to dispose of biomedical wastes:

Yellow Bin: For anatomical waste, chemical waste, soiled waste, chemotherapy waste, discarded linen and medicines, and laboratory waste.
Red Bin: For contaminated solid waste like infected dressings, and pop casts.
Blue Bin(Infected plastic): Syringes, gloves & cut glasses
Black Bin: For hazardous and other waste

White Bin: (Sharps) Needles & cut glasses

The correct option is D as The feudatories were permitted to use various symbols of dignity and royalty. Is one of the most revealing.

The original sentence is in the active voice ("Did the noise frighten you?").

The correct option that forms an appropriate question in the passive voice is:

B. Were you frightened by the noise?

The sentence implies that the king had an efficient governance and thus is popular among people till date. Since the segment containing the blank is in passive voice, thus only a verb in its third form will fit the blank, thus ‘honour’ and ‘know’ are incorrect grammatically. The use of ‘neglected’ is contextually incorrect. ‘Saluted’ is also weak as per the context stated. Only ‘remembered’ is the best fit as the context and grammatical reference.

Hence, option B is correct.

According to the given context we are talking about the critics who always criticize people but they have not done the job themselves in life.

Back to square one: Returning to the place from where one started 

Close but no cigar: Being close to accomplishing a goal but only falling short at the end 

Crying wolf: Intentionally raising a false alarm 

Back seat drivers: People who criticize from the sidelines 

From all the given options, we can see that only option D fits in the given context since it expresses the correct meaning of the given statement.

This makes option D the correct choice among the given options.

Japan became the first country to launch an electromagnetic railgun from an offshore vessel on October 17, 2023. The Japanese Maritime Self-Defense Force (JMSDF) in collaboration with the Acquisition Technology & Logistics Agency (ATLA), a division of the Japanese Ministry of Defense, successfully test-fired a medium-calibre maritime electromagnetic railgun from an offshore platform.