MPSC Rajyaseva Prelims Paper 1 Mock Test - 8 - MPSC (Maharastra) MCQ

Statement 1 is correct. Deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) and ribonucleic acid (RNA) are the two types of nucleic acids found in living systems. DNA acts as the genetic material in most of the organisms. RNA though it also acts as a genetic material in some viruses, mostly functions as a messenger. RNA has additional roles as well. It functions as an adapter, structural, and in some cases as a catalytic molecule.

Statement 2 is incorrect. RNA can directly code for the synthesis of proteins, hence can easily express the characters. DNA, however, is dependent on RNA for synthesis of proteins. The protein synthesising machinery has evolved around RNA. Both RNA and DNA can function as genetic material, but DNA being more stable is preferred for storage of genetic information. For the transmission of genetic information, RNA is better.

The Indian government has provided a total grant assistance of USD 11 million for the hybrid power projects in Sri Lanka. This funding aims to support the energy needs of three islands and marks an important step in enhancing renewable energy infrastructure.

The hybrid renewable energy system project in Sri Lanka is expected to be completed by March 2025, with a turnover planned for late April 2025. This timeline indicates a structured approach to enhancing energy access in the targeted areas.

The Ministry of Women and Child Development launched the "She-Box Portal," which serves as a centralized platform for reporting and tracking complaints of sexual harassment at workplaces. This initiative aims to create a safer working environment for women across India.

The current Prime Minister of Sri Lanka is Dinesh Gunawardena. He plays a crucial role in the governance and political landscape of the country, particularly in initiatives that involve international cooperation and development.

The estimated value of the Vadhvan Port project is ₹76,000 Crore. This project is anticipated to significantly enhance India's marine connectivity and boost international trade through improved port facilities.

PM Modi introduced the "Vessel Communication and Support System," which is designed to equip fishing vessels with transponders to enhance safety and communication while at sea. This technology aims to improve rescue efforts and ensure the safety of fishermen.

IndiaFirst Life Insurance Company Limited became the first life insurance company to open for business in GIFT City, Gujarat. This move is part of a broader strategy to offer life insurance products in foreign currencies, catering to a global clientele.

The project implementation contract for the renewable energy project in Sri Lanka was signed between the Sri Lanka Sustainable Energy Authority (SLSEA) and U Solar Clean Energy Solutions Private Limited. This partnership highlights the collaborative effort towards sustainable energy solutions.

The GNSS-R (Global Navigation Satellite System-Reflectometry) technology is primarily designed to gather and analyze ground-reflected GNSS signals. This allows for the measurement of various environmental parameters such as soil moisture, surface flooding, and ocean wind and wave activity. This innovative approach enhances remote sensing capabilities by utilizing existing satellite navigation signals.

The Earth Observation Satellite EOS-08 was launched by ISRO on August 16, 2024, and it is equipped with GNSS-R technology. This satellite plays a crucial role in advancing remote sensing capabilities, particularly in monitoring environmental conditions.

GNSS-R technology has a resolution of 15 km x 15 km when measuring parameters over oceans. This resolution allows for the effective monitoring of large oceanic areas, enabling scientists to gather significant data on various oceanic conditions.

There are two categories for the National Awards to Teachers (NAT) 2024: Category I for Higher Education Institutions (HEIs) and Category II for Polytechnic Institutions. This division recognizes the unique contributions and excellence of educators across different educational sectors.

The evaluation of educators for the National Awards to Teachers focuses on various criteria, with the greatest weight given to outreach initiatives and teaching effectiveness. This emphasizes the importance of not just academic performance but also the impact educators have on their communities and students.

Preethi Pal made history by winning the bronze medal in the women’s T35 100m event at the 2024 Paralympics. Her achievement not only marks a personal victory but also a significant milestone for India in the field of para-athletics.

Preethi Pal achieved a personal best time of 14.21 seconds in the women’s T35 100m final at the 2024 Paralympics. This remarkable performance contributed to her historic medal win and showcased her athletic talent on an international stage.

Preethi Pal’s success at the Paralympics is attributed to her years of hard work and resilience. Despite facing challenges and setbacks, including near misses in previous competitions, her determination and dedication allowed her to excel and ultimately secure a medal.

The first comic book in the "Heroes of the Indian Air Force" series was launched by Air Chief Marshal Vivek Ram Chaudhari, who is the Chief of the Air Staff of the Indian Air Force. This initiative aims to celebrate and educate readers about the valor of IAF heroes through engaging storytelling in comic format.

The comic book series aims to uplift and educate young readers while instilling a sense of responsibility and encouraging them to consider a career in the Indian Air Force. By showcasing heroic stories, it seeks to inspire the next generation to serve in the military.

The inaugural comic book features two stories: "The Boyra Boys," which recounts the epic air fight during the 1971 Indo-Pak War, and "Find Your Calling," focusing on the life of Marshal of the Air Force Arjan Singh, who was a significant figure in Indian aviation history.

The International Day of the Victims of Enforced Disappearances is observed annually on August 30. This day aims to raise awareness about the issue of forced disappearances and to honor the victims and their families, stressing the importance of legal access for those affected.

The resolution that established August 30 as the International Day of the Victims of Enforced Disappearances is A/RES/65/209. Adopted by the United Nations General Assembly, it also welcomed the adoption of the International Convention for the Protection of All Persons from Enforced Disappearance.

• Statement 1 is incorrect: Fort St George became the nucleus of the White Town where most of the Europeans lived. Walls and bastions made this a distinct enclave. Colour and religion determined who was allowed to live within the Fort. The Company did not permit any marriages with Indians. Other than the English, the Dutch and Portuguese were allowed to stay here because they were European and Christian. The administrative and judicial systems also favoured the white population. Despite being few in number the Europeans were the rulers and the development of Madras followed the needs and convenience of the minority whites in the town.

• Statement 3 is incorrect: In 1757, when Sirajudaula was defeated in the Battle of Plassey, the East India Company decided to build a new fort called Fort William, one that could not be easily attacked. Calcutta had grown from three villages called Sutanati, Kolkata and Govindapur. The Company cleared a site in the southernmost village of Govindpur and the traders and weavers living there were asked to move out.

• Statement 2 is correct: The most spectacular example of the neo-Gothic style is the Victoria Terminus, the station and headquarters of the Great Indian Peninsular Railway Company. The British invested a lot in the design and construction of this railway station in Bombay. As a group these buildings dominated the central Bombay skyline and their uniform neo-Gothic style gave a distinctive character to the city.

Some popular Mahajanapadas were Anga, Magadha, Kashi, Kosala, Vajji, Malla, Chedi, Vatsa, Kuru, Panchala, Matsya, Surasena, Asmaka, Avanti, Gandhara and Kambhoja. Lichachavis, Mallas, Shakyas, Vajji were some of the important republics.

• Statement 1 is correct: Chromosomal disorders are caused due to absence or excess or abnormal arrangement of one or more chromosomes.

• Statement 2 is correct: Chromosomal Disorders - Sometimes, either an additional copy of a chromosome may be included in an individual or an individual may lack one of any one pair of chromosomes. These situations are known as trisomy or monosomy of a chromosome, respectively. Down’s syndrome, Turner’s syndrome, Klinefelter’s syndrome are common examples of chromosomal disorders. In the Down’s syndrome, a person has an additional copy of chromosome number 21. In the Turner’s syndrome, a person has an absence of one of the X chromosomes. In Klinefelter’s syndrome, a person has an additional copy of X chromosome.

• Many types of chromosomal abnormalities exist, but they can be categorized as either numerical or structural. Numerical abnormalities are whole chromosomes either missing from or extra to the normal pair. Structural abnormalities are when part of an individual chromosome is missing, extra, switched to another chromosome, or turned upside down.

• An aquifer is an underground layer of rocks which can hold water. They act like sponges and hence are also called as sponge rocks. Aquifers are highly permeable formations and hence they are considered as main sources of groundwater applications.

• An aquiclude is a geological formation which is impermeable to the flow of water. It contains a large amount of water in it but it does not permit water through it and also does not yield water. Hence, statement 1 is correct.

• Clay is highly porous due to its fine particle texture and thus absorbs a huge amount of water. However, the pore-spaces are so small and less interconnected making it impermeable and thus clay acts as an aquiclude. On the other hand, granite which is a crystalline rock and consequently non-porous is often permeable due to the presence of numerous joints and cracks through which the water can pass through. Hence, Granite doesn't act as an aquiclude. Hence, statement 2 is not correct.

The Konark Sun Temple, situated in Odisha, is dedicated to Lord Surya (Sun) and is renowned for its intricate architecture and exquisite stone carvings.

• Statement 1 is correct. The International Commission on Irrigation and Drainage (ICID) was established in 1950. It is a leading scientific, technical, an international not-for-profit, non- governmental organization. ICID is a professional network of experts from across the world in the field of irrigation, drainage, and flood management.

• Statement 3 is incorrect. A meeting of the International Executive Council, the highest decision-making body of International Commission on Irrigation and Drainage (ICID), has accepted Telangana government’s nomination of Sadarmat anicut across river Godavari in Nirmal district and Pedda Cheruvu in Kamareddy district in the ICID Register of Heritage Irrigation Structures at Saskatoon in Canada. Thus statement 2 is correct. Its main mission is to promote ‘Sustainable agriculture water management’ to achieve ‘Water secure world free of poverty and hunger through sustainable rural development’. ICID initially had 11 countries as Founder Members (Brazil, Egypt, India, Indonesia, Italy, Netherlands, Serbia (former Yugoslavia), Sri Lanka, Switzerland, Thailand and Turkey). Its Secretariat (Central Office) is located in New Delhi.