PS TET Paper 2: Social Science Test - 4 - PS TET MCQ

• Statement (A) accurately describes the typical layout of houses in the Harappan civilization, which existed in ancient India approximately about 4700 years ago.
• Archaeological evidence suggests that Harappan houses were generally one or two storeys high and were built around a central courtyard, with rooms for living and working purposes.
• Statement (B) is also correct in that many Harappan houses had separate bathing areas, which were often located near the entrance of the house, and some had wells to provide a source of water for the household.
• The Harappans were known for their advanced system of sanitation and water management, and many of their cities and towns had sophisticated systems of public and private baths, as well as drainage systems.
• Many of these cities had covered drains, very often, drains in houses were connected to those on the streets and smaller drains led into bigger ones.
• As the drains were covered, inspection holes were provided at intervals to clean them.
• All three — houses, drains and streets — were probably planned and built at the same time.

Hence we conclude that both statements are correct.

Among the given statements, the statement (A) is true, but the statement (B) is false.

• Between December 1946 and November 1949, some three hundred Indians had a series of meetings on the country’s political future.
• The meetings of this “Constituent Assembly” were held in New Delhi, but the participants came from all over India, and from different political parties.
• These discussions resulted in the framing of the Indian Constitution, which came into effect on 26 January 1950.
• One feature of the Constitution was its adoption of a universal adult franchise.
• All Indians above the age of 21 would be allowed to vote in state and national elections.
• This was a revolutionary step – for never before had Indians been allowed to choose their own leaders.
• Soon after Independence, India chose to grant this right to all its citizens regardless of gender, class or education. 

Therefore, we can conclude that among the given statements, the statement (A) is true, but the statement (B) is false.

A model is a three-dimensional, recognizable imitation of an object. A model may be the same size as the object it represents or it can be smaller or larger. It can be handled and seen from a number of angles. 

A federal government is a system that divides up power between a strong national government and smaller local governments. In India, the powers are distributed between Central and State governments. Hence, this is the correct answer.

Maps have a universal language that can be understood by all. There is an international agreement regarding the use of these symbols. These are called conventional symbols.

Foreign policy analysis (FPA) is a branch of political science dealing with theory development. It involves goals, strategies, measures, methods and guidelines. So, the most efficient method of teaching foreign policy of India is discussion method.

The child is able to attempt the questions with same base and is able to get correct solutions, but he has committed mistakes only in the questions having different bases.

A goiter is a swelling in the neck resulting from an enlarged thyroid gland.

• The Rowlatt Satyagraha turned out to be the first all-India struggle against the British government although it was largely restricted to cities.
• The Jallianwala Bagh massacre, also known as the Amritsar massacre, took place on April 13, 1919, during the Rowlatt Satyagraha movement in India.
• The movement was a nonviolent protest against the Rowlatt Act, which had been passed by the British government to give them greater powers of arrest and detention in response to growing unrest in the country.
• General Dyer, who was the British military commander in Amritsar at the time, ordered his troops to fire on a crowd of unarmed protesters who had gathered in the Jallianwala Bagh, a public square in the city, killing hundreds of people and injuring many more.
• The incident sparked outrage across India and led to a significant increase in anti-British sentiment.
• The Jallianwala Bagh massacre is considered to be a turning point in India's struggle for independence, and it remains a symbol of British colonial oppression. So, statement I is true.
• Rabindranath Tagore, who was the first non-European to win the Nobel Prize in Literature, was deeply disturbed by the Jallianwala Bagh massacre.
• In protest against the atrocity, he renounced his knighthood, which had been awarded to him by the British government in 1915.
• Tagore wrote a letter to the Viceroy of India, Lord Chelmsford, expressing his outrage at the incident and his decision to renounce the knighthood. Thus, statement II is false.
• In the letter, he wrote: "The time has come when badges of honour make our shame glaring in their incongruous context of humiliation, and I for my part wish to stand, shorn of all special distinctions, by the side of those of my countrymen who, for their so-called insignificance, are liable to suffer a degradation not fit for human beings."

Hence, we conclude that the correct answer is Statement (I) is true but (II) is false. 

Among the given statements, both (A) and (B) are true and (B) is correct explanation of (A).

• TV, radio and newspapers are a form of media that reaches millions of people, or the masses, across the country and the world and, thus, they are called mass media.
• The different technologies that mass media use are expensive.
• The technologies that mass media use keep changing and so a lot of money is spent on getting the latest technology.
• Due to these costs, the mass media needs a great deal of money to do its work.
• As a result, most television channels and newspapers are part of big business houses. 
• Mass media is constantly thinking of ways to make money.
• One way in which the mass media earns money is by advertising different things like cars, chocolates, clothes, mobile phones, etc.
• The advertisements are shown to the audience repeatedly in the hope that people will go out and buy what is advertised.

Based on the above discussion, we can conclude that, both the statements (A) and (B) are true and (B) is correct explanation of (A).

All of the above is reason for Magadha becoming the most important mahajanapada.

• Magadha became the most important mahajanapada in about two hundred years.
• Many rivers such as the Ganga and Son flowed through Magadha.
• This was important for:
  • transport
  • water supplies
  • making the land fertile.
• Parts of Magadha were forested.
• Elephants, which lived in the forest, could be captured and trained for the army.
• Forests also provided wood for building houses, carts and chariots.
• Besides, there were iron ore mines in the region that could be tapped to make strong tools and weapons.

Hence we conclude that all of the above is reason for Magadha becoming the most important mahajanapada.

(A) Mica is not a renewable resource.

• Mica is a mineral that is used in a variety of industrial and electronic applications, including insulation, paint, and electronics.
• However, it is a non-renewable resource that is mined from the earth and cannot be replenished naturally.

(B) Forests are a renewable resource.

• Forests are a renewable resource because they can be replanted and regenerated through natural processes.
• When managed sustainably, forests can provide a wide range of benefits, including timber, non-timber forest products, and ecological services.

(C) Natural gas is a non-renewable resource.

• Natural gas is a fossil fuel that is formed over millions of years from the remains of ancient plants and animals.
• It is a finite resource that cannot be replenished naturally, and its reserves are being depleted rapidly due to high demand.

(D) Soil is a renewable resource.

• Soil is formed over thousands of years through the weathering of rocks and the accumulation of organic matter.
• However, soil erosion, degradation, and contamination can lead to the loss of this non-renewable resource.

(E) Water is a renewable resource.

• Water is a renewable resource because it is replenished naturally through the water cycle.
• However, the availability and quality of water resources are becoming increasingly strained due to climate change, population growth, and pollution.

Therefore, only statements (B), (D), and (E) are examples of renewable resources, and the appropriate option is 3) Only (B), (D), and (E)

The term unity in diversity relates to the state of togetherness or integrity despite the presence of infinite diversity.

• Unity in diversity is based on the concept where the individual has variations in physical qualities, skin color, castes, creed, cultural and religious traditions, etc. are not seen as a dispute.
• Rather, these differences are viewed upon as varieties that improve the society and the nation as a whole.
• Unity in India is the best model of unity in diversity because people living with various religions and cultures follow the same laws as laid down by the Constitution of India.
• V A Smith is a British Historian who called India is a land of diversity. He said, “In India, there is unity in diversity and diversity in unity.”
  • He called Samudragupta the "Napoleon of India".
  • He prepared the textbook called 'Early History of India in 1904.'

Hence, we can conclude that ​the above statement is called by V. A. Smith.

A textbook is a book used for the study of a subject. The teacher uses a textbook to learn facts and methods about a certain subject. It includes questions to test the knowledge and understanding of students.

A maloca is an ancestral long house used by the natives of the Amazon, notably in Colombia and Brazil. Each community has a maloca with its own unique characteristics. For many years, these long houses were Jesuit missionaries' objects of attack.

Sea stacks are formed as a result of the constant crashing of oceanic waves against a cliff. Erosion creates sea caves out of the cliff, and arches develop over time. As the rock is worn down further, the arches become sea stacks.

The National Curriculum Framework 2005 proposes that Geography should be taught to focus on the optimum extraction and utilisation of natural resources.

Polar vortex, also called circumpolar vortex, polar low, or polar cyclone, is a large area of persistent low pressure generally located above each of Earth's polar regions and containing a mass of extremely cold air. The polar vortex over Antarctica and its adjacent seas is isolated from air outside the region by the polar-front jet stream in the southern hemisphere, which circulates between approximately 50° and 65° S over the Southern Ocean.

Grassland Ecosystem:

• A food chain’s length is restricted to just 3 or 4 steps due to energy loss. 
• The loss of energy at each step is so great that very little usable energy remains after four trophic levels.
• Transfer of food energy from green plants (producers) through a series of organisms with repeated eating and being eaten link is called a food chain.
• E.g. Grasses → Grasshopper → Frog → Snake → Hawk/Eagle.
• Each step in the food chain is called a trophic level.

• In a democratic country, the election process is done according to the country.
• In India, the election process takes place after every 5 years. Hence statement 1 is incorrect.
• Universal Adult Franchise gives the right to vote to all adult citizens, regardless of wealth, gender, income, social status, race, ethnicity, political stance, or any other restriction, subject only to minor exceptions.
• The 61st Constitutional Amendment lowered the voting age of elections to the Lok Sabha and to the Legislative Assemblies of States from 21 years to 18 years. Hence statement 2 is incorrect.

Social science is any field of academic study or science that examines human behavior in its social and cultural dimensions.

• Social studies is not a subject, instead functioning as a field of study that incorporates many different subjects.
• It includes the subjects of Anthropology, sociology, culture history, geography, economics, civics, and sociology.
• The field of study itself focuses on human beings and their respective relationships. With that, many of these subjects include some form of social utility that is beneficial to the subject field itself.

​Thus, we can say that Social science as a discipline is a combination of Anthropology, sociology, culture, history.

Potential resources are those whose entire quantity may not be known, and these are not being used at present.

In a mixed economy, the means of production are shared between the Private and Public sectors. They are responsible for increasing production as well as for the generation of jobs.

The tabulation chart will be the most useful in teaching the topic, since the data will be arranged in a table, and will allow better learning for students.

The phrase Unity in diversity said by Jawaharlal Nehru rightly describes India. There are so many religions, castes, creeds, and languages that are present in India.

Benjamin Bloom's taxonomy is a set of three hierarchical models that refers to the classification of educational learning objectives.

• In the taxonomy, Bloom identified three domains of learning which include cognitive, affective, and psychomotor. These three domains have been divided in a way that proceeds from the simplest process to the complex.
  • Cognitive: In this domain, only those objectives are included which are concerned with the intellectual abilities and skills of the learner.
  • Affective:  Only those objectives are included that are related to the domain of interests, attitudes, and values that bring out the desirable changes in the same.
  • Conative or psychomotor: It includes physical movement, coordination, and use of the motor-skill areas​. The training of physical activities is the main objective of this domain.

'Anemos' is a Greek word, which means wind.

Inductive learning is contradictory to "expository teaching" because expository teaching (ET) takes the form of a lecture recitation to full-class with explanations, examples and opportunities for practice and feedback. Its format is a multi-faceted presentation requiring not only large amounts of verbal explanation but also teacher-student interactions involving questions, answers, review and practice and the correction of student errors. It is contradictory to inductive learning.

Mineral, naturally occurring solid with definite chemical composition and a highly ordered atomic arrangement. A mineral is an element or chemical compound that is normally crystalline and that has been formed as a result of geological processes.