Sources Of Energy - 2 - UPSC MCQ

Fossil fuels are non-renewable source of energy.

The power generated in a windmill depends on the velocity of wind because power is generated by the wind. The more is the velocity of the wind, the more will be the power generated.

Out of given energy sources only tidal energy is a renewable source of energy.

Glass lid of solar cooker trapped the heat energy inside the box.

Fossil fuels are non-renewable, cause air pollution on burning and may lead to acid rains because on burning of fossil fuels oxides of nitrogen, carbon and sulphur are framed.

The waste product obtained from nuclear power plant is highly radioactive material and harmful for human beings and environment,

Bio-gas is not a fossil fuel.

Solar energy leads to least environmental pollution in the process of its harnessing and utilisation.

In thermal power plants fossil fuels like coal or petroleum or CNG are used as fuel.

Sun is the ultimate source of energy directly or indirectly, all the form of energy are desired from solar energy.

In a hydropower plant the potential energy of water stored in a dam is converted into electricity.

Heavy nucleus such as uranuim-235, when bombarded with low energy neutrons split into lighter nuclear with the liberation of large amount of energy.

The main constituent of bio-gas is methane gas (about 75%).

The heat energy trapped in the certain region of earth’s crust is called geo thermal energy.

In a gobar gas plant bio-gas is produced from slurry of bio-mass by the process of anaerobic decomposition (decomposition in the absence of atmospheric oxygen).

The working fluid in ocean thermal power plant is volatile liquid like ammonia.
Ammonia is used as the working fluid in ocean thermal power plants due to its favorable thermodynamic properties. Here are the reasons why ammonia is used:
1. High latent heat of vaporization: Ammonia has a high heat of vaporization, which means it can absorb a significant amount of heat when it evaporates. This property is essential for efficient heat transfer in ocean thermal power plants.
2. Low boiling point: Ammonia has a relatively low boiling point (-33.34°C or -28°F), which allows it to evaporate at low temperatures. This is beneficial in ocean thermal power plants, where the temperature difference between warm surface water and cold deep water is not significant.
3. Non-toxic and non-flammable: Ammonia is a non-toxic and non-flammable substance, making it safe to use in power plant applications. It does not pose a risk to the environment or human health.
4. Abundant and cost-effective: Ammonia is readily available and cost-effective compared to other working fluids. Its production is well-established and widely used in various industries.
5. Environmental friendliness: Ammonia is considered an environmentally friendly option as it does not contribute to ozone depletion or global warming. It has a low global warming potential and does not contain chlorine or fluorine, which are harmful to the environment.
In conclusion, ammonia is the preferred working fluid in ocean thermal power plants due to its advantageous thermodynamic properties, safety, cost-effectiveness, and environmental friendliness.

Solar energy leads to least environmental pollution during the process of its harnessing and utilisation.

Tidal energy is harnessed by constructing a dam near the shores across narrow opening it

Geothermal energy is not derived from the Sun.

The energy produced by the surge of ocean water during high and low tides due to difference in sea level is called tidal energy.