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Test: Biotechnology - 5 - UPSC MCQ


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10 Questions MCQ Test Science & Technology for UPSC CSE - Test: Biotechnology - 5

Test: Biotechnology - 5 for UPSC 2024 is part of Science & Technology for UPSC CSE preparation. The Test: Biotechnology - 5 questions and answers have been prepared according to the UPSC exam syllabus.The Test: Biotechnology - 5 MCQs are made for UPSC 2024 Exam. Find important definitions, questions, notes, meanings, examples, exercises, MCQs and online tests for Test: Biotechnology - 5 below.
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Test: Biotechnology - 5 - Question 1

What is the primary goal of gene therapy?

Detailed Solution for Test: Biotechnology - 5 - Question 1
The primary goal of gene therapy is to introduce functional genes into a patient's body to treat or prevent genetic diseases caused by mutated genes. This therapy aims to replace or correct the effects of disease-causing mutations.
Test: Biotechnology - 5 - Question 2

Which type of gene therapy is performed on cells that produce eggs or sperm and can result in the transmission of therapeutic genes to future generations?

Detailed Solution for Test: Biotechnology - 5 - Question 2
Germline gene therapy is performed on cells that produce eggs or sperm, and it can result in the transmission of therapeutic genes to future generations. This type of gene therapy has ethical and safety considerations.
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Test: Biotechnology - 5 - Question 3

What is the main purpose of gene inhibition therapy?

Detailed Solution for Test: Biotechnology - 5 - Question 3
The main purpose of gene inhibition therapy is to destroy specific groups of cells, such as cancer cells, by introducing genes that inhibit the expression of disease-related genes or interfere with the activity of their products.
Test: Biotechnology - 5 - Question 4
What technique is commonly used to separate charged molecules based on size and charge, such as DNA fragments?
Detailed Solution for Test: Biotechnology - 5 - Question 4
Gel electrophoresis is commonly used to separate charged molecules, such as DNA fragments, based on their size and charge. This technique is essential for DNA analysis.
Test: Biotechnology - 5 - Question 5
Which enzyme is responsible for converting the painkiller codeine into its active form, morphine, and can have multiple genetic variants affecting its activity?
Detailed Solution for Test: Biotechnology - 5 - Question 5
The enzyme CYP2D6 is responsible for converting codeine into its active form, morphine. There are multiple genetic variants of CYP2D6 that can affect its activity, leading to variations in drug response.
Test: Biotechnology - 5 - Question 6
What is the key challenge in gene therapy related to the immune system?
Detailed Solution for Test: Biotechnology - 5 - Question 6
The key challenge related to the immune system in gene therapy is delivering genes without the immune system noticing and triggering an immune response in the patient, which could be harmful.
Test: Biotechnology - 5 - Question 7
Which biotechnological method is used to rapidly increase the number of copies of specific regions of DNA for further analysis?
Detailed Solution for Test: Biotechnology - 5 - Question 7
Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) is used to rapidly increase the number of copies of specific regions of DNA for further analysis. It is a valuable tool in molecular biology and genetics research.
Test: Biotechnology - 5 - Question 8
What does reproductive cloning refer to in the context of biology?
Detailed Solution for Test: Biotechnology - 5 - Question 8
Reproductive cloning refers to creating genetically identical copies of an organism. This process aims to replicate an entire living organism.
Test: Biotechnology - 5 - Question 9
In pharmacogenomics, what is the long-term goal related to medications?
Detailed Solution for Test: Biotechnology - 5 - Question 9
The long-term goal of pharmacogenomics is to tailor drug selection and doses for each individual based on their genetic makeup. This approach aims to optimize medication effectiveness and safety.
Test: Biotechnology - 5 - Question 10
What is the primary role of the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) in the context of pharmacogenomics?
Detailed Solution for Test: Biotechnology - 5 - Question 10
The primary role of the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) in the context of pharmacogenomics is to monitor drug safety and include pharmacogenomic information on drug labels. This information helps doctors tailor drug prescriptions based on genetic factors.
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