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NEET Exam  >  NEET Test  >  Biology Class 12  >  Test: Human Reproduction - 1 - NEET MCQ

Human Reproduction - 1 - NEET Biology Class 12 Free MCQ Test with solutions


MCQ Practice Test & Solutions: Test: Human Reproduction - 1 (22 Questions)

You can prepare effectively for NEET Biology Class 12 with this dedicated MCQ Practice Test (available with solutions) on the important topic of "Test: Human Reproduction - 1". These 22 questions have been designed by the experts with the latest curriculum of NEET 2026, to help you master the concept.

Test Highlights:

  • - Format: Multiple Choice Questions (MCQ)
  • - Duration: 25 minutes
  • - Number of Questions: 22

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Test: Human Reproduction - 1 - Question 1
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Seminal plasma in human males is rich in _________.

Detailed Solution: Question 1

  • Male accessory glands secrete seminal plasma. A pair of seminal vesicles, bulbourethral glands, and a prostate gland are among the male accessory glands.
  • Seminal plasma is made up of secretions from these glands and is high in fructose, calcium, and enzymes.
  • It is the fluid part of the sperm-ejaculated.  
  • It aids in the movement of sperm from the testes to the female genital tract.

Hence, the correct option is A.

Topic in NCERT: Male reproductive system

Line in NCERT: "the secretions of these glands constitute the seminal plasma which is rich in fructose, calcium and certain enzymes."

Test: Human Reproduction - 1 - Question 2
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Each testes has about 250 compartments called as _________.

Detailed Solution: Question 2

  • Each testis contains about 250 compartments called testicular lobules.
  • Each testicular lobule contains one to three highly coiled seminiferous tubules that produce sperms.

Fig: Image showing testicular lobules consists of seminiferous tubules. 

Hence, the correct option is D.

Topic in NCERT: Human reproduction

Line in NCERT: "each testis has about 250 compartments called testicular lobules."

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Test: Human Reproduction - 1 - Question 3
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In which part of sperm, mitochondria are present?

Detailed Solution: Question 3

  • Mitochondria are known as the cell's powerhouse, and the middle component of sperm contains a high number of them.
  • Mitochondria provides  energy required by Sperms for active motility.

Structure of Sperm:

The middle piece of the sperm contains

Hence, the correct option is B.
NCERT Reference: topic “GAMETOGENESIS ” of chapter: Human Reproduction .

Topic in NCERT: Structure of a sperm

Line in NCERT: "the middle piece possesses numerous mitochondria, which produce energy for the movement of tail that facilitate sperm motility essential for fertilisation."

Test: Human Reproduction - 1 - Question 4
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The conversion of spermatid into spermatozoa is called?

Detailed Solution: Question 4

The spermatids are transformed into spermatozoa (sperms) by the process called spermiogenesis. After spermiogenesis, sperm heads become embedded in the Sertoli cells, and are finally released from the seminiferous tubules by the process called spermiation.

Hence, the correct option is C.
NCERT Reference: topic “GAMETOGENESIS ” of chapter: Human Reproduction.

Topic in NCERT: Spermiogenesis

Line in NCERT: "the spermatids are transformed into spermatozoa (sperms) by the process called spermiogenesis."

Test: Human Reproduction - 1 - Question 5
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The number of polar bodies formed during oogenesis (if first polar divides)  in human being is:

Detailed Solution: Question 5

One primary oocyte will form one secondary oocyte and 1 polar body after meiosis 1. The polar body will give rise to 2 another polar bodies and 1 secondary oocyte will form one ovum without centrioles after meiosis 2. So, one oogonium will form 1 ovum without centrioles and 3 polar bodies.

Topic in NCERT: Oogenesis

Line in NCERT: "the primary oocyte within the tertiary follicle grows in size and completes its first meiotic division. it is an unequal division resulting in the formation of a large haploid secondary oocyte and a tiny first polar body."

Test: Human Reproduction - 1 - Question 6
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Beginning of menstrual cycle is called as _________.

Detailed Solution: Question 6

  • At puberty, the menstrual cycle begins in girls. The beginning of menstrual cycle is called menarche.
  • It starts at the age of about 11 to 12 years in girls.

Hence, the correct option is C.

Topic in NCERT: Menstrual cycle

Line in NCERT: "the first menstruation begins at puberty and is called menarche."

Test: Human Reproduction - 1 - Question 7
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Ovulation occurs on about_________ day of menstrual cycle.  

Detailed Solution: Question 7

  • The release of ovum from ovary during menstrual cycle is called ovulation.
  • Ovulation occurs in the middle of menstrual cycle that is on about 14th day of start of menstrual cycle.

Hence, the correct option is C.
NCERT Reference: topic “MENSTRUAL CYCLE” of chapter: Human Reproduction.

Topic in NCERT: Menstrual cycle

Line in NCERT: "one ovum is released (ovulation) during the middle of each menstrual cycle."

Test: Human Reproduction - 1 - Question 8
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The cellular layer that disintegrates and regenerates again and again is _______.

Detailed Solution: Question 8

The menstrual flow results due to breakdown of endometrial lining of the uterus and its blood vessels which forms liquid that comes out through vagina. Menstruation only occurs if the released ovum is not fertilised every month till menopause.

Hence, the correct option is B.
NCERT Reference: topic “MENSTRUAL CYCLE” of chapter: Human Reproduction.

Topic in NCERT: Human reproduction

Line in NCERT: "the endometrium undergoes cyclical changes during menstrual cycle while the myometrium exhibits strong contraction during delivery of the baby."

Test: Human Reproduction - 1 - Question 9
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During which month of pregnancy the first movement of fetus is observed?

Detailed Solution: Question 9

  • The movement of the fetus is observed in the fifth month of pregnancy.
  • In the first month heart is formed.
  • In the second month limbs and digits are formed.
  • At the end of three months, all major organs and genital organs are formed.

Hence, the correct option is C.
NCERT Reference: topic “PREGNANCY AND EMBRYONIC DEVELOPMENT” of chapter: Human Reproduction.

Topic in NCERT: Embryonic development during pregnancy

Line in NCERT: "the first movements of the foetus and appearance of hair on the head are usually observed during the fifth month."

Test: Human Reproduction - 1 - Question 10
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What structure gets implanted on the wall of the uterus during  embryonic development?

Detailed Solution: Question 10

4 structure is implanted named Blastocyst.

The mitotic division starts as the zygote moves through the isthmus of the oviduct called cleavage towards the uterus  and forms 2, 4, 8, 16 daughter cells called blastomeres. The embryo with 8 to 16 blastomeres is called a morula.(Figure 3) The morula continues to divide and transforms into blastocyst  as it moves further into the uterus. The blastomeres in the blastocyst are arranged into an outer layer called trophoblast and an inner group of cells attached to trophoblast called the inner cell mass. The trophoblast layer then gets attached to the endometrium and the inner cell mass gets differentiated as the embryo. After attachment, the uterine cells divide rapidly and covers the blastocyst. As a result, the blastocyst becomes embedded in the endometrium of the uterus

Topic in NCERT: Pregnancy and embryonic development

Line in NCERT: "the trophoblast layer then gets attached to the endometrium and the inner cell mass gets differentiated as the embryo."

Test: Human Reproduction - 1 - Question 11
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Acrosome is filled with _________.

Detailed Solution: Question 11

  • The head of mature mammalian sperm is made of elongated nucleus covered by acrosome.
  • The acrosome is filled with hydrolytic enzymes that help in fertilization of ovum.
  • These enzymes called sperm lysins that dissolve the membranes enveloping the ovum and help the sperm cell to enter the ovum by penetrating the egg membrane.

Hence, the correct option is C.

Topic in NCERT: Sperm structure and function

Line in NCERT: "the acrosome is filled with enzymes that help fertilisation of the ovum."

Test: Human Reproduction - 1 - Question 12
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The figure below shows the development of follicles (A, B, C, D). Select the option giving correct identification together with its function?

The figure given below shows the sectional view of ovary. Select the option which gives correct identification of marked structure A to D and its feature.

Detailed Solution: Question 12

Draw a labelled diagram of a section ...

Topic in NCERT: Human reproduction

Line in NCERT: "the corpus luteum secretes large amounts of progesterone which is essential for maintenance of the endometrium."

Test: Human Reproduction - 1 - Question 13
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Hormone responsible for milk ejection after the birth of baby is:

Detailed Solution: Question 13

The mammary glands of the female undergo differentiation during pregnancy and start producing milk towards the end of pregnancy by the process called lactation.

Lactiferous glands present inside the mammary gland produce milk due to the release of the hormone oxytocin from pituitary glands.

Hence, the correct option is D.

Topic in NCERT: Parturition and lactation

Line in NCERT: "the process of childbirth is called parturition which is induced by a complex neuroendocrine mechanism involving cortisol, estrogens and oxytocin."

Test: Human Reproduction - 1 - Question 14
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The yellowish coloured milk secreted from the breast shortly after birth of the baby is called?

Detailed Solution: Question 14

  • After parturition, mammary glands start producing milk. The yellowish coloured milk is called colostrum.
  • This milk contains antibodies that provide immunity to newly born baby.

Hence, the correct option is C.
NCERT Reference: topic “PARTURITION AND LACTATION” of chapter: Human Reproduction.

Topic in NCERT: Lactation

Line in NCERT: "the milk produced during the initial few days of lactation is called colostrum which contains several antibodies absolutely essential to develop resistance for the new-born babies."

Test: Human Reproduction - 1 - Question 15
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Which of the following hormones are secreted by the placenta?
A. Human chorionic gonadotropin
B. Human placental lactogen 
C. Estrogen
D. Progestogens

Detailed Solution: Question 15

The placenta secretes several hormones, including:
Human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG)
Human placental lactogen 
Estrogen
Progestogens
Thus, all the listed hormones (A, B, C, and D) are secreted by the placenta.

Topic in NCERT: Hormonal functions of the placenta

Line in NCERT: "the placenta also acts as an endocrine tissue and produces several hormones like human chorionic gonadotropin (hcg), human placental lactogen (hpl), estrogens, progestogens, etc."

Test: Human Reproduction - 1 - Question 16
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The correct sequence of spermatogenetic stages leading to the formation of sperms in a mature human testis is:

Detailed Solution: Question 16

The correct sequence of spermatogenesis in the human testis is:

Spermatogonia: The precursor germ cells that divide mitotically.
Spermatocyte: These cells undergo meiosis; primary spermatocytes give rise to secondary spermatocytes.
Spermatid: Haploid cells that result from the second meiotic division.
Sperms: Mature sperm cells formed from the differentiation of spermatids.
Thus, the sequence is spermatogonia → spermatocyte → spermatid → sperms.
 

Topic in NCERT: Spermatogenesis

Line in NCERT: "the spermatogonia (sing. spermatogonium) present on the inside wall of seminiferous tubules multiply by mitotic division and increase in numbers. some of the spermatogonia called primary spermatocytes periodically undergo meiosis. a primary spermatocyte completes the first meiotic division (reduction division) leading to formation of two equal, haploid cells called secondary spermatocytes, which have only 23 chromosomes each. the secondary spermatocytes undergo the second meiotic division to produce four equal, haploid spermatids."

Test: Human Reproduction - 1 - Question 17
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Which of the following depicts the correct pathway of transport of sperms?

Detailed Solution: Question 17

The correct pathway for sperm transport is:

Rete testis: The network of tubules where sperm mature slightly.
Efferent ductules: Tubes that carry sperm from the rete testis to the epididymis.
Epididymis: Where sperm mature and are stored.
Vas deferens: The duct that carries sperm from the epididymis to the ejaculatory duct.
Thus, the correct pathway is Rete testis → Efferent ductules → Epididymis → Vas deferens.

Topic in NCERT: The male reproductive system

Line in NCERT: "the male sex accessory ducts include rete testis, vasa efferentia, epididymis and vas deferens."

Test: Human Reproduction - 1 - Question 18
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At the birth of a female child, the follicles in her ovaries contain:

Detailed Solution: Question 18

At birth, the follicles in a female's ovaries contain primary oocytes that are arrested at Prophase I of Meiosis I. These oocytes remain in this arrested state until puberty and further stages of maturation.

Topic in NCERT: Oogenesis

Line in NCERT: "the process of formation of a mature female gamete is called oogenesis which is markedly different from spermatogenesis. oogenesis is initiated during the embryonic development stage when a couple of million gamete mother cells (oogonia) are formed within each fetal ovary; no more oogonia are formed and added after birth. these cells start division and enter into prophase-i of the meiotic division and get temporarily arrested at that stage, called primary oocytes."

Test: Human Reproduction - 1 - Question 19
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Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

i. Oogenesis is initiated during the embryonic development stage when oogonia are formed in the ovaries.

ii. A primary oocyte completes its first meiotic division before birth.

iii. The tertiary follicle develops a fluid-filled cavity known as the antrum.

iv. At puberty, approximately 100,000 primary follicles remain in each ovary.

Detailed Solution: Question 19

  • Statement i is correct because oogenesis begins during embryonic development when oogonia are formed.
  • Statement ii is incorrect because the primary oocyte does not complete its first meiotic division until puberty.
  • Statement iii is  correct; The secondary follicle soon transforms into a tertiary follicle which is characterised by a fluid filled cavity called antrum. 
  • Statement iv is incorrect; at puberty, only 60,000-80,000 primary follicles remain, not 100,000.

Therefore, the correct statements are i and iii, making Option B the right answer.

Topic in NCERT: Oogenesis

Line in NCERT: "the secondary follicle soon transforms into a tertiary follicle which is characterised by a fluid filled cavity called antrum."
"it is important to draw your attention that it is at this stage that the primary oocyte within the tertiary follicle grows in size and completes its first meiotic division."
"therefore, at puberty only 60,000-80,000 primary follicles are left in each ovary."

Test: Human Reproduction - 1 - Question 20
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Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

i. LH and FSH both reach peak levels around the 14th day of the menstrual cycle.

ii. The LH surge causes the degeneration of the corpus luteum.

iii. Progesterone secreted by the corpus luteum is essential for maintaining the endometrium.

iv. Menstruation occurs if fertilization does not take place, leading to the start of a new cycle.

Detailed Solution: Question 20

- Statement i is correct because LH (Luteinizing Hormone) and FSH (Follicle-Stimulating Hormone) both peak around the 14th day of the menstrual cycle, which is known as ovulation.

- Statement ii is incorrect; the LH surge is responsible for the rupture of the Graafian follicle, leading to ovulation, not for the degeneration of the corpus luteum. The corpus luteum degenerates only in the absence of fertilization.

- Statement iii is correct; the corpus luteum secretes progesterone, which is crucial for maintaining the endometrium, making it suitable for implantation.

- Statement iv is also correct; if fertilization does not occur, the corpus luteum degenerates, leading to the disintegration of the endometrium and the onset of menstruation.

Therefore, the correct answer is C: i, iii, and iv.

Topic in NCERT: Menstrual cycle

Line in NCERT: "both lh and fsh attain a peak level in the middle of cycle (about 14th day). rapid secretion of lh leading to its maximum level during the mid-cycle called lh surge induces rupture of graafian follicle and thereby the release of ovum (ovulation)."
"the corpus luteum secretes large amounts of progesterone which is essential for maintenance of the endometrium."
"in the absence of fertilisation, the corpus luteum degenerates. this causes disintegration of the endometrium leading to menstruation, marking a new cycle."

Test: Human Reproduction - 1 - Question 21
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Assertion (A): The male reproductive system includes the testes, which produce sperm and hormones.

Reason (R): The Leydig cells in the testes are responsible for the production of androgens, which are essential for sperm formation.

Detailed Solution: Question 21

Assertion (A) is true:
The testes are part of the male reproductive system and perform two main functions:
Production of sperms (by seminiferous tubules)
Secretion of male hormones (androgens, mainly testosterone)
Reason (R) is also true:
Leydig cells (interstitial cells) present in the testes produce androgens (testosterone), which are necessary for:
Development of male secondary sexual characters
Supporting spermatogenesis
But R is NOT the correct explanation of A:
The assertion talks about the overall function of testes (both sperm and hormone production), whereas the reason explains only one part (hormone production by Leydig cells) and does not fully explain sperm production. 

Test: Human Reproduction - 1 - Question 22
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Assertion (A): Oogenesis results in the formation of a single ovum during each menstrual cycle.
Reason (R): The cyclical changes in the ovaries are influenced solely by the levels of ovarian hormones, without any involvement from pituitary hormones.

Detailed Solution: Question 22

The Assertion is true because during each menstrual cycle, typically only one ovum is released from the ovary.
The Reason is false; while ovarian hormones do influence the cyclical changes, pituitary hormones (like LH and FSH) are also crucial in regulating the ovarian cycle.
Therefore, the Reason does not explain the Assertion correctly, as it overlooks the role of pituitary hormones in oogenesis and the menstrual cycle.

Topic in NCERT: Menstrual cycle

Line in NCERT: "the cyclical changes in the ovary and the uterus during menstrual cycle are induced by changes in the levels of pituitary and ovarian hormones."

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This test contains 22 MCQs on Human Reproduction - 1 with detailed solutions for each question. It is part of the Biology Class 12 course on EduRev, designed to align with the current NEET syllabus. Each solution explains not just the correct answer but also gives you an understanding of the topic — not just to attempt the question but also help you prepare for the exam with practice.

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