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MCAT Exam  >  MCAT Tests  >  Psychology and Sociology for MCAT  >  Test: Perception, Prejudice, and Bias - MCAT MCQ

Test: Perception, Prejudice, and Bias - MCAT MCQ


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10 Questions MCQ Test Psychology and Sociology for MCAT - Test: Perception, Prejudice, and Bias

Test: Perception, Prejudice, and Bias for MCAT 2024 is part of Psychology and Sociology for MCAT preparation. The Test: Perception, Prejudice, and Bias questions and answers have been prepared according to the MCAT exam syllabus.The Test: Perception, Prejudice, and Bias MCQs are made for MCAT 2024 Exam. Find important definitions, questions, notes, meanings, examples, exercises, MCQs and online tests for Test: Perception, Prejudice, and Bias below.
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Test: Perception, Prejudice, and Bias - Question 1
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A person cuts in line at the movie theater. We observe this action, and believe that the person cut in line because he or she is rude, disrespectful, and selfish. This is an example of:

Detailed Solution for Test: Perception, Prejudice, and Bias - Question 1
  • People use their common sense to understand behavior.
  • Observers decide whether to attribute a behavior to the internal state (disposition/character) of the person who performed it or the external state (situation/context).
  • The person who cut in line was observed as rude, disrespectful, and selfish--all internal dispositions. Therefore it is an internal attribution.
Test: Perception, Prejudice, and Bias - Question 2
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John’s car breaks down in the middle of the highway. He believes that the breakdown of his car can be explained by the fact that his car is old. This is an example of:

Detailed Solution for Test: Perception, Prejudice, and Bias - Question 2
  • People use common sense to understand behavior.
  • If John believed that the car broke down because of his lack of understanding of cars, then it is an internal attribution.
  • However, John believes that the breakdown of the car is explained by an external factor--his car is old. Therefore, this is an example of external attribution.
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Test: Perception, Prejudice, and Bias - Question 3
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In one study, researchers compared attributions made by students from an individualist society (valuing individual achievement) and students from a collectivist society (valuing group welfare over individual interests). The researchers hypothesized that individualist cultures focus on the individual, and thus its members are predisposed to use dispositional attribution to explain behavior. The students were asked to assign responsibility for the outcomes of 8 different situations. If the findings were consistent with the hypothesis, which of the following study result is accurate?

Detailed Solution for Test: Perception, Prejudice, and Bias - Question 3
  • The hypothesis states that since individualist cultures focus on the individual, we would expect that members of an individualist society are predisposed to use dispositional attribution to explain behavior.
  • The results would indicate that students in an individualist society are more likely to use internal dispositional factors.
  • Therefore, corresponding to the hypothesis, the results showed that across the eight situations, students from the individualist society assigned greater responsibility to internal dispositional factors than did students from a collectivist society.
Test: Perception, Prejudice, and Bias - Question 4
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At work, you witness an employee getting yelled at by the boss. In your mind you come up with at least three potential causes for the yelling: the boss’ (actor) bad temper, the laziness of the employee (object), and the especially hot and humid day (context or setting). This judgment process is referred to as:
Detailed Solution for Test: Perception, Prejudice, and Bias - Question 4
  • This is a type of attribution theory.
  • This is a model for judging whether a particular action should be attributed to some internal characteristic of the person or the external environment.
  • Perceivers use multiple observations to arrive at a conclusion about the cause(s) of a behavior.
  • In the covariation model, you (the perceiver) use multiple observations (actor, object, context) to determine the cause of the yelling behavior.
Test: Perception, Prejudice, and Bias - Question 5
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An NBA basketball coach expects his rookie players to be unprepared for professional ball, so he does not play them often. When he does they are rusty and do not perform well. This is an example of:
Detailed Solution for Test: Perception, Prejudice, and Bias - Question 5
  • The coach has predictions on how the rookie players will perform.
  • The coach then chooses not to play the rookie players.
  • The rookie players do not play well because they do not get to play.
  • A self-fulfilling prophecy is a prediction that directly or indirectly causes itself to become true.
Test: Perception, Prejudice, and Bias - Question 6
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Which of the following demonstrates a self-fulfilling prophecy?
Detailed Solution for Test: Perception, Prejudice, and Bias - Question 6
  • In a self-fulfilling prophecy, the perceiver has expectations about how target will behave.
  • In a self-fulfilling prophecy, the perceiver then behaves in a way that is likely to elicit the expected target behavior.
  • In a self-fulfilling prophecy, the target indeed behaves in a way that confirms perceiver’s expectations.
  • In a self-fulfilling prophecy, the perceiver sees predicted behavior in the outcome.
  • The baseball coach has expectations about how target John will behave. Actual results are observed (John became a better player).
Test: Perception, Prejudice, and Bias - Question 7
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“The labels we learn affect the ways we perceive people”. Such a statement is stressed by the following sociological approach:
Detailed Solution for Test: Perception, Prejudice, and Bias - Question 7
  • This approach examines how labels affect perception and create prejudice.
  • This approach argues that labels create selective perception, and they lead us to see certain things while they blind us to others.
  • Symbolic interactionists stress that the labels we learn affect the ways we perceive people.
Test: Perception, Prejudice, and Bias - Question 8
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In a survey of 1,500 adults, researchers found that the most commonly held belief was that people with mental health problems were dangerous. They also found that people believed that some mental health problems were self inflicted, and they found people with mental health problems hard to talk to. Such prejudiced attitudes are demonstrations of:
Detailed Solution for Test: Perception, Prejudice, and Bias - Question 8
  • The research findings demonstrates prejudiced attitudes towards individuals with “mentally ill” labels.
  • This concept demonstrates prejudiced attitudes and discriminating behaviour directed towards individuals with mental health problems as a result of the “mentally ill” label they have been given.
  • Social stigma is characterized by such prejudiced attitudes towards labeled individuals.
Test: Perception, Prejudice, and Bias - Question 9
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“What is beautiful is good”. This tendency for our liking of a beautiful person to influence our subsequent assessment of that person--therefore he/she must be good!--is called:
Detailed Solution for Test: Perception, Prejudice, and Bias - Question 9
  • This is a type of bias in which our overall impression of a person (beauty) influences how we feel and think about his or her character (good).
  • Once we have an overall impression of someone as generally good, we assume that other positive traits are applicable.
  • This tendency for our liking for a beautiful person to influence our subsequent assessment of that person’s character as good is called the halo effect.
Test: Perception, Prejudice, and Bias - Question 10
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Two stories are told to an audience about an interaction between a man and woman. Both stories were exactly the same, except for the final outcome. In Story A, the woman is dumped by the man, and in Story B, the man proposes marriage. In Stories A and B, the audience directly linked the two different outcomes to the woman's good or bad actions. This is an example of:
Detailed Solution for Test: Perception, Prejudice, and Bias - Question 10
  • This concept is similar to the saying “you reap what you sow”.
  • This concept refers to people's tendency to believe that the world is just and that people get what they deserve.
  • The just-world hypothesis the assumption that a person's actions are inherently inclined to bring morally fair and fitting consequences to that person. All good actions are rewarded, and all bad actions are eventually punished.
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