Test: Separating the Components of a Mixture - Class 9 MCQ

Fractional distillation is the method used for the separation of components of a mixture containing two miscible liquids that boil without decomposition and have sufficient difference in their boiling points.

Two conditions essential for using this method are:

1) Two liquids must be miscible that is they totally mix with each other.

2) The difference between the boiling points of the liquids should be greater than 25K.

Chromatography is the method used to separate drugs from the blood. Chromatography is a technique used to separate components in a mixture on the basis of them being mixed as mobile phase i.e. liquid or gas and stationary phase i.e. solid or liquid.

Evaporation:  Evaporation is the process of vaporizing the solvent to obtain the solute. Evaporation is used to separate a mixture containing a non-volatile, soluble solid from its volatile, liquid solvent. 
For example :- We can separate salt from a solution by evaporating the water from the solution.

Funnel because in funnel there is no use of heat and evaporation cause by heating and other are resistant to heating while funnel is not registered to heating.

The blue ink (or black ink) used; in fountain pens is a liquid mixture. It is a mixture of a dye in water. This dye is the colored component of the ink (which gives it a blue or black color). We can separate the colored component of ink (or dye from ink) by the process of evaporation.

Precaution that should be taken is that ink should not be heated directly as it is decomposed by the high temperature, so we use a water bath for evaporating ink.

During crystallisation, the clear solution obtained after filtration is heated till a saturated solution or concentrated solution is obtained. This is done so that crystalls are obtained.

Filter paper is a semi-permeable paper barrier placed perpendicular to a liquid or air flow. It is used to separate fine substances from liquids or air. It is used in science labs to remove solids from liquids.

Chromatography is the technique used for the separation of those solutes that dissolve in the same solvent.

A small vertical opening (2-3 cm) should be left in the filter paper so the development can be observed. 

Evaporation is used to separate salt from seawater.