Test: Skeleton System - UPSC MCQ

The skeletal system is not involved in the synthesis of digestive enzymes. Instead, it provides support, protection to organs, storage of minerals, and production of red blood cells in the bone marrow.

The human skeleton is classified into four main types based on shape: long bones, short bones, flat bones, and irregular bones.

Long bones in the body, such as the femur and humerus, provide support and structure to the body and help with movement.

The clavicle, also known as the collarbone, is not a part of the axial skeleton. It is included in the appendicular skeleton.

An adult human has 33 vertebrae in the vertebral column, which includes 7 cervical, 12 thoracic, 5 lumbar, 5 sacral, and 4 coccygeal vertebrae.
 

Synovial joints, characterized by the presence of synovial fluid, provide mobility and allow movement between bones.

 Red bone marrow is responsible for the production of red blood cells, white blood cells, and platelets.

Hinge joints, like the elbow and knee joints, allow movement in one plane (back-and-forth motion) and offer limited range compared to other joint types.

Osteoporosis is a condition in which bones become weak and brittle, making them more susceptible to fractures.

The patella, commonly known as the kneecap, is a sesamoid bone. Sesamoid bones develop within tendons, increasing their mechanical effect.

The scapula (shoulder blade) articulates with the clavicle and the acromion process of the scapula to form the shoulder joint.

Scoliosis is a medical condition characterized by an abnormal sideways curvature of the spine.

In freely movable joints, the ends of bones are covered with cartilage to reduce friction and facilitate smooth movement.

Fontanelles are soft spots in a baby's skull that allow for brain growth during infancy and make the skull more flexible during birth.

Cartilage does not transmit nerve impulses. Instead, it provides flexibility and absorbs shock in joints.

Parathyroid hormone plays a vital role in regulating calcium levels in bones and blood.

Osteoarthritis primarily affects the articular cartilage, causing its degeneration and leading to joint pain and stiffness.

The number of phalanges in each limb of a human is 14. Phalanges are are the bones that make up the fingers of the hand and the toes of the foot. 14 phalange bones are present in each hand and 14 in each foot. So, total 56 phalanges are present in humans.

The bones of the fingers and toes are classified as short bones due to their small size and cube-like shape.

Bone remodeling involves both the formation of new bones by osteoblasts and the breakdown of old bones by osteoclasts, maintaining bone health and homeostasis.