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Test: The Cell - SSC CGL MCQ


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15 Questions MCQ Test General Awareness for SSC CGL - Test: The Cell

Test: The Cell for SSC CGL 2024 is part of General Awareness for SSC CGL preparation. The Test: The Cell questions and answers have been prepared according to the SSC CGL exam syllabus.The Test: The Cell MCQs are made for SSC CGL 2024 Exam. Find important definitions, questions, notes, meanings, examples, exercises, MCQs and online tests for Test: The Cell below.
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Test: The Cell - Question 1

What did Robert Hooke observe in 1665 that led to the discovery of cells?

Detailed Solution for Test: The Cell - Question 1

In 1665, Robert Hooke observed small chamber-like structures in cork, which he termed as "cells." This discovery marked the beginning of the cell theory, which states that cells are the fundamental units of life in all living organisms. Cells can exist in various forms and carry out specific functions necessary for the survival of the organism.

Test: The Cell - Question 2

What are the three basic structures found in all cells?

Detailed Solution for Test: The Cell - Question 2

All cells have three fundamental structures: the plasma membrane, which acts as a protective barrier; the cytoplasm, where various cellular activities occur; and the nucleus, which houses the genetic material of the cell. Each of these structures plays a crucial role in maintaining the cell's integrity and function.

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Test: The Cell - Question 3

What is the collective term for the living components within a cell?

Detailed Solution for Test: The Cell - Question 3

The combined content of the cytoplasm and nucleoplasm inside a cell is referred to as protoplasm. Protoplasm is considered the physical basis of life as it contains all the necessary components for cellular processes and functions. It encompasses the living structures within the cell that are essential for its survival and activities.

Test: The Cell - Question 4

What are the main principles of cell theory?

Detailed Solution for Test: The Cell - Question 4

The main principles of cell theory, state that all living organisms are composed of cells and their products. This principle underscores the fundamental idea that cells are the building blocks of life, forming the basis of all living organisms. This concept revolutionized our understanding of biology and laid the foundation for modern biological sciences.

Test: The Cell - Question 5

Who was awarded the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine in 2016, and for what work?

Detailed Solution for Test: The Cell - Question 5

The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine in 2016 was awarded to Japanese cell biologist Yoshinori Ohsumi for his groundbreaking work on autophagy. Autophagy is a vital cellular process where cells degrade and recycle their own components using lysosomes. Ohsumi's research significantly advanced our understanding of how cells maintain their health and respond to changing environmental conditions.

Test: The Cell - Question 6

How do plant cells differ from animal cells?

Detailed Solution for Test: The Cell - Question 6

Plant cells differ from animal cells in various ways, one significant difference being the presence of chloroplasts in plant cells. Chloroplasts are responsible for photosynthesis, the process by which plants convert sunlight into energy. This unique feature allows plants to produce their food and gives them their characteristic green color.

Test: The Cell - Question 7

What is the primary distinction between prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells?

Detailed Solution for Test: The Cell - Question 7

The primary difference between prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells lies in the presence of membrane-bound organelles. Prokaryotic cells lack membrane-bound organelles like a nucleus, while eukaryotic cells have membrane-bound organelles, including a nucleus that houses the genetic material. This distinction is fundamental in understanding the complexity and organization of different cell types.

Test: The Cell - Question 8

What are chromosomes composed of, and what facilitates their condensed form?

Detailed Solution for Test: The Cell - Question 8

Chromosomes are composed of DNA and special proteins called histones. Histones play a crucial role in facilitating the condensed form of DNA within chromosomes. This compact structure ensures efficient packaging of genetic material during cell division, allowing for accurate distribution of DNA to daughter cells.

Test: The Cell - Question 9

What term describes the point where chromatids are held together on a chromosome during cell division?

Detailed Solution for Test: The Cell - Question 9

The point where chromatids are held together on a chromosome during cell division is called the centromere. This region plays a vital role in ensuring the proper alignment and separation of chromatids during cell division, contributing to the accurate distribution of genetic material to daughter cells.

Test: The Cell - Question 10

What is the purpose of the cell cycle in a cell's life cycle?

Detailed Solution for Test: The Cell - Question 10

The cell cycle serves the crucial function of facilitating cell growth and division into daughter cells. This process is essential for the reproduction and maintenance of multicellular organisms.

Test: The Cell - Question 11

Which stage of the cell cycle involves DNA replication?

Detailed Solution for Test: The Cell - Question 11

The S phase, also known as the Synthesis phase, is the stage of the cell cycle where DNA replication occurs. This crucial step ensures that each daughter cell receives an identical copy of the genetic material.

Test: The Cell - Question 12

What characterizes the G0 stage of the cell cycle?

Detailed Solution for Test: The Cell - Question 12

The G0 stage is a quiescent phase in which cells are not actively dividing. Cells in this stage are in a resting state and do not proceed with the typical cell cycle activities like division or DNA replication.

Test: The Cell - Question 13

What is the term used for the non-living inclusions within a cell?

Detailed Solution for Test: The Cell - Question 13

Non-living inclusions within a cell are collectively referred to as deutoplasm. These structures are distinct from the living components of the cell and may include various substances such as stored nutrients, pigment granules, or other materials that serve specific functions within the cell. Deutoplasm contributes to the overall composition and functionality of the cell, supporting its metabolic processes and activities.

Test: The Cell - Question 14

What is the significance of the statement "Omnis cellula e cellula" of cell theory?

Detailed Solution for Test: The Cell - Question 14

The phrase "Omnis cellula e cellula" is Latin for "every cell originates from another cell." This statement is a fundamental tenet of cell theory, emphasizing that all cells arise from pre-existing cells through cell division. It rejects the notion of spontaneous generation and highlights the continuous process of cell reproduction that underpins the growth, development, and maintenance of living organisms.

Test: The Cell - Question 15

Which term refers to a diagrammatic representation of the chromosomes of a species or population?

Detailed Solution for Test: The Cell - Question 15

A karyotype is a term used to describe the number and appearance of chromosomes in the nucleus of a eukaryotic cell, or it can refer to the complete set of chromosomes. It provides a visual representation of an individual's chromosomes, highlighting their size, shape, and number. Karyotyping is a valuable tool in genetics and cytogenetics, aiding in the identification of chromosomal abnormalities and genetic disorders.

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