UKPSC Prelims Paper 2 Mock Test - 2 - UKPSC (Uttarakhand) MCQ

Although pathogenic organisms constantly alight on the skin, they find it a very unfavourable environment and, in the absence of injury, have great difficulty colonizing it. This "self-sterilizing" capacity of the skin results from the tendency of all well-developed ecosystems toward homeostasis, or the maintenance of the status quo. Species that typically live in

soil, water, and elsewhere rarely multiply on the skin. Undamaged skin is also unfavourable to most human pathogens. The skin is too acid and too arid for some species. The constant shedding of the surface skin layers further hinders the establishment of invaders. The most interesting defence mechanism, however, results from the metabolic activities of the resident flora. Unsaturated fatty acids, an important component of the lipids in sebum collected from the skin surface, inhibit the growth of several bacterial and fungal cutaneous pathogens. These acids are a metabolic product of certain gram-positive members of the cutaneous community, which break down the more complex lipids in freshly secreted sebum.

Q. The primary purpose of the passage is to

Directions for the following (one) item:

Read the following passage and answer the item that follow. Your answer to this item should be based on the passage only.

As the planet warms, we need to be able to predict what populations will be at risk for infectious diseases because prevention is always superior to reaction. The researchers are now working on a map to pin point future changes in the distribution of vector-borne diseases.

Q. Which among the following is the most critical and rational inference that can be drawn from the above passage?

Consider two alloys A and B. 70 kg of alloy A is mixed with 90 kg of alloy B. A contains Aluminium and Gold in the ratio 3: 4, and B contains them in the ratio 4: 5 respectively. What is the ratio of Gold to Aluminium in the mixture?

For some time, scientists have believed that cholesterol plays a major role in heart disease because people with familial hypercholesterolemia, a genetic defect, have six to eight times the normal level of cholesterol in their blood and they invariably develop heart disease. Scientists also noticed that people with familial hypercholesterolemia appear to produce more LDL’s (low-density lipoproteins) than normal individuals. However, scientists wondered, could a genetic mutation that causes a slowdown in the removal of LDL’s from the blood also result in an increase in the synthesis of this cholesterol-carrying protein? Since scientists could not experiment on human body tissue, their knowledge of familial hypercholesterolemia was severely limited. However, a breakthrough came in the laboratories of Yoshio Watanabe of Kobe University in Japan in 1980. Watanabe noticed that a male rabbit in his colony had ten times the normal concentration of cholesterol in its blood. By appropriate breeding, Watanabe obtained a strain of rabbits that had very high cholesterol levels. These rabbits spontaneously developed heart disease. To his surprise, Watanabe further found that the rabbits, like humans with familial hypercholesterolemia, lacked LDL receptors. What scientists learned by studying the Watanabe rabbits is that the removal of the VLDL (very low-density lipoproteins) remnant requires the LDL receptor. Normally, the majority of the VLDL remnants go to the liver where they bind to LDL receptors and are degraded. In the Watanabe rabbit, due to a lack of LDL receptors on liver cells, the VLDL remnants remain in the blood and are eventually converted to LDL’s. The LDL receptors thus have a dual effect in controlling LDL levels. They are necessary to prevent over synthesis of LDL’s from VLDL remnants and they are necessary for the normal removal of LDL’s from the blood.

Q. The passage supplies information to answer which of the following questions?

A father is six times as old as his son and the mother is five times as old as the son. Let the age of son be "x" then the sum of the father's and the mother's age is [(x - 1)² - 1] years. What is the age of the son?

A truck covers a distance of 550 meters in 1 minute whereas a bus covers a distance of 33 kms in 45 minutes. The ratio of their speeds is:

Bigotry and racism are among the deadliest social ills plaguing the world today, but, unlike a team of costumed super-villains, they can’t be halted with a punch in the snoot or a zap from a ray gun. The only way to destroy them is to expose them - to reveal them for the insidious evils they really are. The bigot is an unreasoning hater - one who hates blindly, fanatically,

indiscriminately. If his hang-up is black men, he hates ALL black men. If a redhead once offended him, he hates ALL redheads. If some foreigner beat him to a job, he’s down on ALL foreigners. He hates people he’s never seen - people he’s never known - with equality intensity - with equal venom. Now, we’re not trying to say it’s

unreasonable for one human being to bug another. But, although anyone has the right to dislike another individual, it’s totally irrational, patently insane to condemn an entire race - to despise an entire nation - to vilify an entire religion. Sooner or later, we must learn to judge each other on our own merits. Sooner or later, if man is ever to be worthy of his destiny, we must fill our hearts with tolerance. For then, and only then, will we be truly worthy of the concept that man was created in the image of God - a God who calls us ALL - His children. Pax et Justitia

Q. According to the author, Radicals hate which type of person?

Directions for the following (one) item:

Read the following passage and answer the item that follow. Your answer to this item should be based on the passage only.

Individuals, groups and leaders who promote human development operate under strong institutional, structural and political constraints that affect policy options. But experience suggests broad principles for shaping an appropriate agenda for human development. One important finding from several decades of human development experience is that focusing exclusively on economic growth is problematic. While we have good knowledge about how to advance health and education, the causes of growth are much less certain and growth is often elusive. Further, an unbalanced emphasis on growth is often associated with negative environmental consequences and adverse distributional effects. The experience of China, with its impressive growth record, reflects these broader concerns and underlines the importance of balanced approaches that emphasize investments in the non¬income aspects of human development.

Q. With reference to the above passage, consider the following statements:

1. In developing countries, a strong institutional framework is the only requirement for human development and policy options

2. Human development and economic growth are not always positively inter-related.

3. Focusing only on human development should be the goal of economic growth

Which of the above statements is/are correct ?

A mixture of 150 liters of wine and water contains 20% water. How much more water should be added so that water becomes 25% of the new mixture?

The H.C.F of two numbers, each having three digits, is 19 and their L.C.M. is 3553. The sum of the numbers will be:

The latest data to show that the overall power situation has gotten worse, with the ratio for peak load shortages now the highest in a decade. In absolute terms, the power deficit has hit record levels and seems almost certain to further deteriorate without real reforms on the ground. Even as aggregate technical and commercial losses in the power system remain much high at over a third of total generation, pan- India capacity addition is now well below target. A shortage of equipment and skills is blamed for the marked slow down in augmenting power capacity. But the dearth of resources can only be relative. In fact, the real bane of the sector is continuing revenue leakage in the state power utilities and unacceptably high aggregate technical and commercial losses, much of it plain theft of electricity. Given the preponderance of state utilities in power supply, the fact that they remain very much in red does affect investor comfort and return funds flow.

Q. Which of the following inference(s) is/are definitely true?

The great Acharyas have said that having discovered a great goal, surrender yourself to that goal and act towards it drawing your inspiration from that goal whereby you will get a new column of energy. Do not allow this energy to the dissipated in the futile memories of past regrets or failures, nor in the excitement of the present. And thus, bring that entire energy focussed into activity. That is the highest creative action in the world outside. Thereby the individual who is still now considered most inefficient finds his way to the highest achievement and success. This is said very easily in a second. But in order to train our mind to this attitude, it needs considerable training because we have already trained the mind wrongly to such an extent that we have become perfect in imperfections. Not knowing the art of action, we have been master artists in doing the wrong thing. The totality of activity will bring the country to a wrong end indeed.

If each one is given a car to achieve an ideal socialistic pattern and nobody knows driving but everybody starts driving, what would be the condition on the road? Everybody has equal right on the public road. Then each car must necessarily dash against the other, and there is bound to be a jumble. This seems to be the very apt pattern of life that we are heading to. Every one of us is a vehicle. We know how to go forward. The point is, intellect is very powerful and everyone is driving but nobody seems to know how to control the mental energy and direct it properly or guide it to the proper destination.

Q. Which of the following could lead to success?

The main benefit to the economy from an active stock market is the ready availability of risk capital for investment in equities through the primary market. For that risk capital be readily available. Investors need to have an easy exit route. A liquid secondary market provides an easy exit route through the active involvement of buyers and sellers. It does not matter whether these buyers and sellers have short or long term investment horizons. Liquidity in the market is enhanced by leveraged players who either borrow to play the market or achieve a similar result through futures contracts whose economic value includes financing costs. Short sellers confer a similar benefit by borrowing stock or achieving the same result through futures contracts.

Q. Which of the following inference(s) is/are definitely true?

When the price of a radio was reduced by 20%, its sale increased by 80%. What was the net effect on the sale ?

Directions: Symbols @, %, #, $, ©

are used with different meanings as explained below:

‘P @ Q’ means ‘P is not greater than Q’.

‘P % Q’ means ‘P is neither greater than nor equal to Q’.

‘P # Q’ means ‘P is neither smaller than nor equal to Q’.

‘P $ Q’ means ‘P is neither smaller than nor greater than Q’.

‘P © Q’ means ‘P is not smaller than Q’.

Three statements showing relationships have been given, which are followed by two conclusions (1) and (2). Assuming that the given statements are true, find out which conclusions(s) is/are definitely true.

Q. Statements—H © D, D # R, R @ L. Conclusions—

1.  

   L @ H

2.  

   H # R

Directions: Study the following information carefully and answer the questions below.

A team of five is to be selected from amongst five boys A, B, C, D and E and four girls P, Q, R and S. Some criteria for selection are—

• A and S have to be together

• P cannot be put with R

• D and Q cannot go together

• C and E have to be together

• R cannot be put with B

Unless otherwise stated, these criteria are applicable to all questions below.

Q. If two of the members are girls and D is one of the members, the members of the team other than D are—

Directions : Study the following information carefully and answer the questions below.

A team of five is to be selected from amongst five boys A, B, C, D and E and four girls P, Q, R and S. Some criteria for selection are—

• A and S have to be together

• P cannot be put with R

• D and Q cannot go together

• C and E have to be together

• R cannot be put with B

Unless otherwise stated, these criteria are applicable to all questions below.

Q. If A and C are the members, the other members of the team cannot be—

4 equidistant vertical lines are drawn on board 4 equidistant horizontal lines are also drawn on the board cutting the 4 vertical lines, and the distance between any two consecutive horizontal lines is equal to that between any two consecutive vertical lines. What is the maximum number of squares thus formed?

There are distinct phases of outside help to end a conflict. In the first phase focus is on providing food, water, shelter and medicine to refugees, i.e., humanitarian. In the second, emphasis is on the refugees returning home while in the last phase long-term investments and strengthening of courts is the main focus. However, once a conflict is over, aid agencies sanctioned by the World Bank send study groups instead of requisite personnel. There is a gap of several years before moving from humanitarian relief arrives the war has restarted. It is possible to restart economic development through targeted "quick impact" initiatives. Most economies in post conflict countries are based on agriculture. Providing free packages of seeds, fertilizers and low-cost equipment quickly will ensure that former soldiers will return to their farms and establish their livelihood. But the window of opportunity closes quickly and

one has to implement these measures almost immediately.

Q. What is the benefit of "quick impact" aid?

The fact that superior service can generate a competitive advantage for a company does not mean that every attempt at improving service will create such an advantage. Investments in service, like those in production and distribution, must be balanced against other types of investments on the basis of direct, tangible benefits such as cost reduction and increased revenues. If a company is already effectively on a par with its competitors because it provides service that avoids a damaging reputation and keeps customers from leaving at an unacceptable rate, then investment in higher service levels may be wasted, since service is a deciding factor for customers only in extreme situations.
This truth was not apparent to managers of one regional bank, which failed to improve its competitive position despite its investment in reducing the time a customer had to wait for a teller. The bank managers did not recognize the level of customer inertia in the consumer banking industry that arises from the inconvenience of switching banks. Nor did they analyze their service improvement to determine whether it would attract new customers by producing a new standard of service that would excite customers or by proving difficult for competitors to copy. The only merit of the improvement was that it could easily be described to customers.

The passage suggests which of the following about service provided by the regional bank prior to its investment in enhancing that service?

Six boys ABCDEF and six girls PQRSTU are standing in rows in such a way that each girl faces one boy, not necessarily in the same order.

• P is to the immediate right of the girl who is facing E the boy at the extreme right.
• Only B is sitting between D and E.
• F is to the immediate left of A and to the immediate right of C.
• R is facing A and is to the immediate left of Q.
• U is third to the left of S.

Who is standing to the immediate left of D?

Six boys ABCDEF and six girls PQRSTU are standing in rows in such a way that each girl faces one boy, not necessarily in the same order.

• P is to the immediate right of the girl who is facing E the boy at the extreme right.
• Only B is sitting between D and E.
• F is to the immediate left of A and to the immediate right of C.
• R is facing A and is to the immediate left of Q.
• U is third to the left of S.

Four of the following five are alike in a certain way. Which is the one that does not belong to that group?

Which one will replace the question mark ?

II. Read the following information carefully to answer the following questions:
There are six persons in a family A, B, C, D, E, and F. C is the sister of F. B is the brother of E’s husband. D is the father of A and grandfather of F. there are two fathers, three brothers and a mother in the group.

Q.

Who is E’s husband?

What is the no of zeroes at the end of the product of the no from1 to 100 ?

The average weight of a class of 19 students is 20 kg. If the weight of the teacher be included, the average rises by 1 kg. What is the weight of the teacher?

Out of 51,600 candidates who appeared in an examination, 35% failed, while 15% passed with honours. What is the number of candidates who passed the examination, but failed to obtain honours, assuming that no student who has failed can obtain honours?