People As Resource -Olympiad Level MCQ, Class 9 SST - Class 9 MCQ

Death Rate
- The number of deaths for every 1000 people in a year is known as the death rate.
- It is a measure of the mortality or death risk within a population.
- It is usually expressed as the number of deaths per 1000 individuals in a population.
Birth Rate
- The birth rate refers to the number of births per 1000 people in a year.
- It is a measure of the fertility or reproductive capacity within a population.
- The birth rate is the opposite of the death rate and reflects the rate of population growth.
Decrease Rate
- Decrease rate is not a term used to describe the number of deaths for every 1000 people in a year.
- It is not a recognized demographic or statistical measure.
Population Decrease
- Population decrease refers to a decline in the total number of individuals in a population over a certain period of time.
- It can occur due to various factors such as high death rates, low birth rates, emigration, or other demographic changes.
In conclusion, the correct term for the number of deaths for every 1000 people in a year is the Death Rate.

The government has set up different types of schools in each district to cater to the educational needs of the students. These schools are categorized into different types based on their nature and purpose. The options given in the question are as follows:
A. Army Schools:
- These schools are primarily meant for the children of army personnel.
- They provide quality education while also focusing on the overall development of the students.
- The curriculum in these schools may have a special emphasis on discipline, physical fitness, and patriotism.
B. Navodaya Vidyalayas:
- Navodaya Vidyalayas are a network of residential schools established by the government.
- They aim to provide quality education to rural talented children, free of cost.
- The selection process for these schools is based on a merit-cum-means test.
- These schools offer a well-rounded education with a focus on academics, sports, and extracurricular activities.
C. Sainik Schools:
- Sainik Schools are primarily meant for the preparation of students who aspire to join the defense forces.
- They provide a structured and disciplined environment to develop the physical, mental, and intellectual abilities of the students.
- These schools offer a comprehensive curriculum, including academics, physical training, and leadership development.
D. Missionary Schools:
- Missionary schools are educational institutions established by religious organizations.
- They provide education based on religious principles and teachings.
- These schools often have a strong emphasis on moral values and character development.
Answer:
Based on the given options, the correct answer is b. Navodaya Vidyalayas. These schools are set up by the government to provide quality education to rural talented children.

Cannot be regarded as building of human capital:

• Increasing salary of workers: Increasing salary of workers does not directly contribute to building human capital in a country. While it may improve the standard of living for individuals, it does not necessarily enhance their skills, knowledge, or capabilities.

Can be regarded as building of human capital:

• Spending resources on education: Investing in education helps to develop the knowledge, skills, and abilities of individuals, which in turn contributes to the overall human capital of a country.


• Providing training of industrial workers: Providing training to industrial workers helps to enhance their skills and productivity, thereby increasing the human capital of the country.


• Providing health to all: Ensuring access to healthcare for all individuals improves their well-being and productivity, which in turn contributes to the human capital of the country.

By focusing on education, training, and healthcare, a country can effectively build its human capital and foster economic growth and development.

Introduction:
The secondary sector refers to the sector of the economy that involves the processing of raw materials and the manufacturing of goods. In this sector, different units have varying levels of labor absorption.
Most Labor Absorbing Unit:
The most labor absorbing unit in the secondary sector is small scale manufacturing. This means that small scale manufacturing units employ a larger number of workers compared to medium scale or large scale manufacturing units.
Explanation:
Here is a detailed explanation of why small scale manufacturing is the most labor absorbing unit in the secondary sector:
1. Employment opportunities: Small scale manufacturing units generally require a higher number of workers to carry out various tasks involved in the manufacturing process. These units tend to have a smaller production capacity compared to medium or large scale units, but they compensate for it by employing a larger workforce.
2. Local involvement: Small scale manufacturing units are often located in rural or semi-urban areas, where there may be limited employment opportunities. These units play a crucial role in providing job opportunities to the local population, which helps in reducing unemployment and poverty levels.
3. Less capital-intensive: Small scale manufacturing units typically have lower capital requirements compared to medium or large scale units. This makes it easier for them to start operations and create job opportunities. The lower capital intensity allows these units to focus more on labor-intensive processes, resulting in higher employment generation.
4. Entrepreneurship and innovation: Small scale manufacturing units are often run by entrepreneurs who are willing to take risks and explore innovative ideas. These units contribute to the development of new products, processes, and technology, which further stimulates employment growth.
5. Multiplier effect: The employment generated by small scale manufacturing units has a positive multiplier effect on the local economy. When workers receive wages, they spend it on various goods and services, which generates additional demand and employment in other sectors such as retail, transportation, and services.
Conclusion:
In conclusion, small scale manufacturing is the most labor absorbing unit in the secondary sector. These units provide employment opportunities, particularly in rural areas, and contribute to local economic development. The labor-intensive nature of small scale manufacturing, combined with its entrepreneurial spirit, makes it a significant contributor to job creation and economic growth.

The correct answer is B: Birth rate.

The birth rate is the number of live births per 1000 people in a population during a specific time period, usually a year. It is a measure of the fertility or reproductive capacity of a population. The birth rate is an important demographic indicator that is used to analyze population growth and dynamics.

Here are some key points to understand about the birth rate:

• Definition: The birth rate is the number of live births per 1000 people in a population during a specific time period, usually a year.


• Calculation: The birth rate is calculated by dividing the number of live births in a year by the total population and multiplying by 1000.


• Importance: The birth rate is an important demographic indicator that helps in understanding population growth and dynamics.


• Factors influencing birth rate: The birth rate can be influenced by various factors such as fertility rates, age structure of the population, cultural and social norms, government policies, and access to healthcare and family planning services.


• Comparison: The birth rate can be compared across different regions, countries, or time periods to analyze trends and patterns in population growth.


• Relation to death rate: The birth rate is often considered together with the death rate to calculate the population growth rate, which is the difference between the birth rate and the death rate.

Therefore, the birth rate is the correct term used to describe the number of babies born for every 1000 people during a year.

Types of Unemployment in Rural India:
There are two types of unemployment that exist in rural India, which are:
1. Disguised and Optional Unemployment (Answer A):
- Disguised unemployment refers to a situation where more people are engaged in an activity than required.
- In rural India, this type of unemployment occurs when there are more workers engaged in agricultural activities than necessary.
- The marginal productivity of additional workers becomes zero or negligible, as the work can be accomplished with fewer workers.
- This type of unemployment is often considered as hidden unemployment, as the extra workers are not contributing significantly to the overall output.
- It is also optional, meaning that workers can choose to leave the activity without affecting the overall output.
2. Seasonal and Disguised Unemployment (Answer D):
- Seasonal unemployment occurs when individuals are employed for only a specific period of time during the year.
- In rural India, this type of unemployment is common in agricultural activities, where work is available only during specific seasons, such as sowing or harvesting.
- Disguised unemployment is also present in this scenario as there are more workers engaged in agricultural activities than necessary for the given season.
- During the off-season, these workers remain unemployed or engage in other low-productivity activities.
- This type of unemployment is both seasonal and disguised, as it occurs during specific periods and involves excess workers.
Conclusion:
In rural India, the two types of unemployment that exist are disguised and optional unemployment (Answer A) and seasonal and disguised unemployment (Answer D).

Explanation:
The given activities such as trade, transport, health, banking, insurance, etc. are included in the tertiary sector. Here's a detailed explanation:
1. Primary sector: This sector involves activities related to the extraction and production of natural resources. It includes agriculture, mining, fishing, forestry, etc. Since the given activities do not involve the primary production of goods, it can be ruled out as the answer.
2. Secondary sector: This sector involves activities related to manufacturing and construction. It includes industries that transform raw materials into finished products. Since the given activities do not directly involve manufacturing or construction, this sector can also be ruled out as the answer.
3. Manufacturing: Manufacturing refers to the process of transforming raw materials into finished products. While some of the given activities may involve manufacturing to some extent (e.g., production of medical equipment in the healthcare sector), the majority of the activities mentioned do not fall under the manufacturing sector.
4. Tertiary sector: The tertiary sector, also known as the service sector, includes activities that provide services to individuals and businesses. It involves trade, transport, health, banking, insurance, tourism, education, etc. Since the given activities fall under the service sector, the correct answer is option D: Tertiary.

According to the 1961 Census, the working population of India was about 188 millions, out of which 129 millions are males and 59 milli- ons females. The labour force con- stitutes 78.7 per cent of the working ago (15-64) population and 39.1 per cent of the total population.

Educated Unemployment: Causes and Explanation

The phenomenon of educated unemployment refers to the situation where individuals with higher education qualifications are unable to find suitable employment opportunities. There are several factors that contribute to educated unemployment, and in this case, we will discuss two main causes: slower rate of industrial expansion and an improper educational system.

1. Slower rate of industrial expansion

• Industrial expansion refers to the growth and development of industries in an economy.


• When the rate of industrial expansion is slow, it leads to a limited number of job opportunities for educated individuals.


• As a result, even though individuals have acquired higher education qualifications, they are unable to find suitable employment due to the lack of available positions.

2. Improper educational system

• An improper educational system refers to a system that does not align with the needs and demands of the job market.


• It can be characterized by an imbalance between the skills and knowledge imparted by educational institutions and the skills required by employers.


• When the educational system fails to provide practical and industry-relevant skills, educated individuals may find it difficult to secure employment.


• This mismatch between education and job market requirements contributes to educated unemployment.

Conclusion

Educated unemployment is a complex issue influenced by various factors. In this case, the slower rate of industrial expansion and an improper educational system are identified as key contributors to educated unemployment. It is crucial for governments and educational institutions to address these causes by promoting industrial growth and aligning education with the needs of the job market. By doing so, they can enhance employment opportunities for educated individuals and mitigate the issue of educated unemployment.

Educational Contributions towards Society's Growth:

• National income: Education plays a vital role in the economic development of a society, leading to an increase in national income. It helps individuals acquire the necessary skills and knowledge to contribute to the workforce, leading to higher productivity and economic growth.



• Cultural richness: Education promotes cultural understanding and appreciation. It helps individuals learn about their own culture as well as other cultures, fostering tolerance and respect. This leads to a more diverse and culturally rich society.



• Efficiency of governance: Education equips individuals with critical thinking, problem-solving, and decision-making skills. It enables them to actively participate in the democratic process, make informed choices, and hold government officials accountable. A well-educated population contributes to the efficiency and effectiveness of governance.



• All of the above: Education's impact on society is multifaceted, influencing national income, cultural richness, and governance efficiency. All these factors contribute to the overall growth and development of a society.

Therefore, the correct answer is option D: All of the above.

Explanation:

Investment in education, training, and medical care plays a crucial role in the development and growth of human capital. It enhances the knowledge, skills, and health of individuals, which in turn contributes to economic and social progress. Here is a detailed explanation of each option:

1. Working capital: Working capital refers to the funds used for day-to-day business operations. It includes cash, inventory, accounts receivable, and accounts payable. However, investment in education, training, and medical care does not directly relate to working capital.


2. Human capital: Human capital refers to the skills, knowledge, and abilities that individuals possess and contribute to their productivity and economic potential. Investment in education, training, and medical care enhances human capital by improving skills, knowledge, and health, thereby increasing productivity and potential earnings. Therefore, the correct answer is Human capital.


3. Fixed capital: Fixed capital refers to the physical assets used in production, such as buildings, machinery, and equipment. While investment in education, training, and medical care indirectly supports the development of fixed capital, it is not the primary outcome.


4. Capital growth: Capital growth refers to the increase in the value of financial assets or investments over time. Investment in education, training, and medical care contributes to the growth of human capital, which can lead to higher incomes and potential wealth accumulation. However, it does not specifically refer to capital growth.

Therefore, the correct answer is Option B: Human capital.

The correct statement with reference to the tertiary sector is:
D: This sector is primarily known as the service sector.
Explanation:
The tertiary sector, also known as the service sector, is the sector of the economy that is involved in the provision of services rather than goods. This sector includes a wide range of activities that focus on providing services to individuals and businesses. Some examples of activities in the tertiary sector include healthcare, education, transportation, banking, hospitality, tourism, and entertainment.
Other options are incorrect because:
A: In these activities goods are either grown on the earth or dug out from the earth
- This statement describes the primary sector, which is involved in the extraction of natural resources and the production of raw materials.
B: These activities transform primary goods into some commodities with the help of manual labor or machines
- This statement describes the secondary sector, which is involved in manufacturing and processing raw materials into finished products.
C: These activities generate services rather than goods
- This statement is similar to the correct statement, but it is not as specific and does not mention the term "tertiary sector."
Therefore, the correct statement is option D, which states that the tertiary sector is primarily known as the service sector.

Census refers to:

[2010 (T-1)]

A: Total no. of babies born
- The census does not specifically refer to the total number of babies born. While the census may collect information about births, it is not its primary purpose.
B: Official counting of population done after every ten years
- This is the correct answer. The census is an official counting of the population that is conducted at regular intervals, usually every ten years. It aims to provide a comprehensive and accurate picture of the population, including demographic, economic, and social characteristics.
C: Total no. of infants that are vaccinated
- The census does not focus on the total number of infants that are vaccinated. Vaccination data may be collected through other health-related surveys or programs, but it is not the primary purpose of the census.
D: Recording of Births and Deaths every year
- While the census may collect information about births and deaths, its primary purpose is not the recording of births and deaths every year. Vital statistics offices or civil registration systems typically handle the registration of births and deaths.
Therefore, the correct answer is B: Official counting of population done after every ten years.

Causes of Urban Unemployment:

• Mass migration from rural to urban areas: The rapid influx of people from rural areas to urban areas can lead to urban unemployment. The urban labor market may not be able to absorb the large number of migrants, resulting in unemployment.


• Slow rate of economic development: A slow rate of economic development can contribute to urban unemployment. If industries and businesses are not growing at a sufficient pace, there may not be enough job opportunities for the urban population.


• Maladjustment between the demand and supply of labor: When there is a mismatch between the skills and qualifications of the available labor force and the requirements of the job market, it can lead to urban unemployment. This can occur when there is an oversupply of workers in certain sectors or when there is a lack of skilled workers in other sectors.


• Caste system: The caste system is not a direct cause of urban unemployment. While it may contribute to social inequality and limited access to education and employment opportunities, it is not a specific cause of unemployment in urban areas.

Therefore, the correct answer is D: Caste system.

Explanation:
Disguised unemployment is a type of unemployment where there are more people employed in a job than actually required. In this case, 10 people are doing the work that could be done by only 6 people. This indicates disguised unemployment.
Here's a breakdown of the answer:
Disguised unemployment:
- Disguised unemployment occurs when there are more people employed in a job than actually required.
- It is typically seen in the agricultural sector where there is a lack of alternative employment opportunities.
- In disguised unemployment, the marginal productivity of each additional worker is zero or negligible.
- Removing one or more workers from the job does not affect the overall productivity.
Seasonal unemployment:
- Seasonal unemployment occurs when individuals are unemployed during certain seasons of the year.
- It is commonly observed in industries such as agriculture, tourism, and construction, where the demand for labor fluctuates with the seasons.
- In this case, the situation is not related to seasonal unemployment because there is no mention of a specific season or temporary nature of the work.
Rural unemployment:
- Rural unemployment refers to unemployment in rural areas where there is a lack of job opportunities.
- This type of unemployment is typically associated with the agricultural sector where there is a reliance on seasonal work.
- In this case, the employment situation is more related to disguised unemployment than rural unemployment.
All of these:
- While disguised unemployment is the most appropriate term to describe the employment situation in the given scenario, it is also true that all of the options mentioned (disguised unemployment, seasonal unemployment, rural unemployment) can be considered as types of unemployment.
- However, in this specific case, disguised unemployment is the most fitting term.

Explanation:
The number of females per thousand males refers to the Sex Ratio. It is a measure of the proportion of females to males in a population. This ratio is often expressed as the number of females per thousand males.
The sex ratio is an important demographic indicator that helps in understanding the gender composition of a population. It provides insights into the balance between males and females in a society.
Key Points:
- The sex ratio is calculated by dividing the number of females by the number of males and multiplying the result by 1000.
- A sex ratio of 1000 means that there are an equal number of females and males in the population.
- A sex ratio below 1000 indicates a higher proportion of males, while a sex ratio above 1000 indicates a higher proportion of females.
- The sex ratio can vary across different regions, countries, and time periods due to factors such as cultural preferences, migration patterns, and gender imbalances.
- The sex ratio is an important factor in analyzing various social, economic, and health indicators, including fertility rates, mortality rates, and gender disparities.
- Governments and policymakers often use the sex ratio data to develop policies and programs aimed at addressing gender imbalances and promoting gender equality.
In conclusion, the number of females per thousand males refers to the sex ratio, which is a critical demographic indicator used to understand the gender composition of a population.

To determine the odd one out with reference to population, we need to consider the population size or density of each option.
Population Size:
- Education: Education is not directly related to population size. The number of people seeking education may vary, but it does not necessarily correlate with the overall population size.
- Medical Care: The demand for medical care is generally higher in areas with larger populations. Therefore, medical care is directly influenced by population size.
- Training: Similar to education, the need for training may vary depending on factors other than population size. Therefore, training is not directly related to population size.
- Computers: The use of computers is not specifically tied to population size. It is a tool that can be used by individuals regardless of the overall population.
Based on the above analysis, the odd one out with reference to population is Computers as it is not directly influenced by population size.

Explanation:
The decrease in the IMR (Infant Mortality Rate) of a country signifies several factors related to the overall well-being and development of the country. Here are the reasons why a decrease in IMR signifies certain factors:
Increase in life expectancy:
- When the IMR decreases, it indicates that fewer infants are dying before their first birthday.
- This suggests that there have been improvements in healthcare services, access to medical facilities, and the overall health conditions of infants.
- As a result, the life expectancy of the population is likely to increase, as more infants survive and grow into adulthood.
Increase in GNP (Gross National Product):
- While an increase in GNP can contribute to improvements in healthcare and infrastructure, it may not directly correlate with a decrease in IMR.
- The decrease in IMR is primarily influenced by factors such as healthcare facilities, access to proper nutrition, sanitation, and the overall socio-economic conditions of the population.
Economic development of a country:
- A decrease in IMR is often associated with economic development.
- As a country progresses economically, it can allocate more resources towards healthcare, education, and social welfare programs.
- Improved healthcare facilities, immunization programs, and better access to healthcare services contribute to reducing IMR.
Increase in the number of colleges in a country:
- The increase in the number of colleges may have a positive impact on education and human resource development, but it may not directly correlate with a decrease in IMR.
- Factors such as healthcare infrastructure, access to medical facilities, and the overall socio-economic conditions play a more significant role in reducing IMR.
In conclusion, the decrease in IMR signifies improvements in healthcare, access to medical facilities, healthcare infrastructure, and the overall well-being of the population. It is an indicator of progress and development in a country.

The Tenth Plan aimed to increase the enrolment in higher education from 6% to a certain percentage. Let's analyze the given options to find the correct answer:

Option A: 7%

This option suggests an increase of only 1% in enrolment, which may not be sufficient to meet the goals of the Tenth Plan. Therefore, it is unlikely to be the correct answer.

Option B: 9%

This option suggests an increase of 3% in enrolment, which is a significant improvement compared to option A. It is a plausible answer as it aligns with the efforts of the Tenth Plan to expand access to higher education.

Option C: 10%

This option suggests an increase of 4% in enrolment, which is a substantial growth rate. However, it might be an overestimation compared to the initial target of the Tenth Plan.

Option D: 12%

This option suggests an increase of 6% in enrolment, which is the highest among all the given options. While it would be a significant achievement, it may be too ambitious considering the starting point of 6%.

Considering the goals and feasibility of the Tenth Plan, option B: 9% is the most reasonable answer as it represents a substantial increase in enrolment while being within a realistic range.

Life Expectancy in India according to the Census of 2000
According to the Census of 2000, the life expectancy in India was 64 years.
Here is a detailed explanation:
1. Census of 2000: The Census of India is conducted every 10 years to gather data on various demographic parameters, including life expectancy. The 2000 census provided information about the average life expectancy in India at that time.
2. Life Expectancy: Life expectancy refers to the average number of years a person is expected to live based on current mortality rates. It is influenced by factors such as healthcare services, sanitation, nutrition, and lifestyle choices.
3. Life Expectancy in India: According to the Census of 2000, the life expectancy in India was recorded as 64 years. This means that, on average, people in India were expected to live up to the age of 64.
4. Factors Affecting Life Expectancy: Life expectancy can vary across different regions and populations within a country. Factors such as socioeconomic status, access to healthcare, education, and lifestyle choices can impact life expectancy.
5. Improvements Over Time: It's important to note that life expectancy can change over time due to various factors such as advancements in healthcare, improvements in living conditions, and public health initiatives. Therefore, the life expectancy in India may have changed since the 2000 census.
To summarize, according to the Census of 2000, the life expectancy in India was 64 years. However, it is essential to consider that life expectancy can vary and may have changed since then due to various factors.

To determine the infant mortality rate in 2000, we need to select the correct option among A, B, C, and D.
Let's analyze each option:
Option A: 85
Option B: 70
Option C: 75
Option D: 35
To find the correct answer, we need to consider the definition of infant mortality rate. The infant mortality rate is the number of deaths of infants under one year of age per 1,000 live births in a given year.
Since the question asks for the infant mortality rate in 2000, we need to refer to the given data in the question.
The correct answer is:
Option C: 75
This means that in the year 2000, there were 75 infant deaths per 1,000 live births.

Importance of Taking Care of the Health and Education of Children:
- Taking care of the health and education of children is considered important by parents to create a 'virtuous cycle' because:
1. Health: Ensuring good health for children is crucial as it directly impacts their overall well-being and development. When parents prioritize their children's health, it leads to the following benefits:
- Healthy children are more likely to perform better academically as they have higher energy levels, improved concentration, and reduced absenteeism.
- Good health promotes emotional well-being and enables children to actively participate in various activities, both academic and extracurricular.
- Children who are physically healthy are less likely to face long-term health issues, leading to a better quality of life.
2. Education: Providing a quality education is essential for children's future prospects and personal growth. Prioritizing their education offers several advantages:
- Education equips children with knowledge, skills, and critical thinking abilities, enabling them to make informed decisions and contribute positively to society.
- A good education opens up opportunities for higher education, better career prospects, and financial stability in the future.
- Educated individuals are more likely to have improved self-esteem, confidence, and a sense of empowerment.
3. Virtuous Cycle: When parents take care of the health and education of their children, it sets off a 'virtuous cycle' with the following positive outcomes:
- Good health and education provide a strong foundation for children to excel in various aspects of life, leading to personal fulfillment and success.
- Successful individuals are more likely to contribute back to society, thus creating a positive impact on their community.
- Children who receive proper care and support are more likely to grow up to be responsible adults who prioritize the well-being of their own children, continuing the cycle of nurturing and development.
In conclusion, taking care of the health and education of children is vital for parents to create a 'virtuous cycle' that benefits not only the individual child but also society as a whole.

Explanation:
Economic activity:
- An economic activity refers to any activity that involves the production, distribution, and consumption of goods and services to satisfy human wants and needs.
- It typically involves the use of resources such as labor, capital, and technology to create value and generate income.
Analysis of options:
A: Work of Nurse at her home
- While a nurse may perform certain healthcare tasks at home, such as administrative work or telemedicine consultations, it is not considered an economic activity unless there is a monetary exchange involved. If the nurse is providing healthcare services and receiving payment, then it would be considered an economic activity. However, the given option does not specify any monetary transaction, so it cannot be considered an economic activity.
B: Work of Doctor at their home
- Similar to the previous option, if a doctor is providing healthcare services and receiving payment while working from home, it would be considered an economic activity. However, the given option does not mention any monetary exchange, so it cannot be considered an economic activity.
C: Work of Teacher in the school
- Teaching in a school is considered an economic activity. The teacher is providing a service (education) and receiving payment (salary) for their work. This involves the production and distribution of educational services, making it an economic activity.
D: None of the above
- Since option C (Work of Teacher in the school) is an economic activity, option D is incorrect.
Conclusion:
The economic activity in the given options is C: Work of Teacher in the school.

There are many steps involved in agriculture starting from sowing till storage. One cannot do it alone and as we all know that most of the people are illiterate they are unemployed as a result they have only this option to opt for their livelihood.

Tertiary sector is supportive sector that's why communication is included in tertiary sector