Olympiad Test: Natural Resources and Indian Heritage - Class 6 MCQ

• A: This is incorrect. Natural resources can be exhausted if they are used up faster than they can be replenished. For example, fossil fuels and certain minerals are finite.
• B: This is incorrect. Natural resources are not obtained only from soil. They come from various sources, including air, water, forests, minerals, and more.
• C: This is correct. Non-mineral resources include air, water, sunlight, and plants. These resources are not derived from minerals and are essential for life.
• D: This is also correct. Some natural resources, such as certain gases (e.g., carbon dioxide in excess) or chemicals from plants, can be harmful if misused or overused.

Thus, C: Non-mineral resources include air and water is the best option.

• Weathering is the process by which rocks break down into smaller particles or soil due to physical, chemical, or biological processes.
• Water and wind are major agents of weathering. Water causes both mechanical weathering (e.g., erosion by rivers) and chemical weathering (e.g., dissolution of minerals). Wind can also cause physical weathering by blowing sand and dust, wearing down rocks over time.

Thus, the complete sentence would be: Soil is formed from rocks by the process of weathering that occurs due to effects of water, wind, etc.

So, the correct option is D.

• Humus is the decayed organic matter in soil and is considered the fertile component because it enriches the soil with essential nutrients, improves soil structure, and enhances water retention. Humus is vital for healthy plant growth.
• Gravel, moisture, and air are also important components of soil, but they do not contribute as significantly to soil fertility as humus does.

• Trees are the natural resource that provides lumber, which is used for building materials such as wood for constructing houses, furniture, and other structures.
• Ores are minerals from which metals are extracted, coal is a fossil fuel used for energy, and grasses are typically used for agricultural or ecological purposes, but not for lumber.

Pumice is a porous, light yet hard igneous rock. It is so light that it can float on water.

• Precious metals like gold and platinum are used for making jewellery: This is correct. Gold and platinum are indeed used for making jewelry.
• Dentists use powdered pumice for polishing our teeth: This is correct. Powdered pumice is used by dentists to polish teeth.
• Black gold is another name of granite: This is incorrect. "Black gold" is actually a term used for oil (crude oil), not granite. Granite is a type of rock, but it is not referred to as black gold.
• Shale is used to make tiles and bricks: This is correct. Shale is often used in the production of bricks and tiles.

So, the incorrect statement is C: Black gold is another name of granite.

• Fossil fuels (such as coal, oil, and natural gas) form from the remains of ancient plants and animals. Over millions of years, heat and pressure transform the organic material buried in the ground into fossil fuels.
• Option A (Nitrogen mixed in the water) and Option C (Carbon filtered through limestone) are incorrect because nitrogen and carbon do not directly relate to the formation of fossil fuels.
• Option D (Bacteria on top of the mud) is also incorrect, as bacteria play a role in the decay of organic matter but do not directly contribute to fossil fuel formation.

So, the correct answer is B: Organisms buried in the ground.

The relationship in the given pair Sandstone : Pumice is that sandstone is a sedimentary rock, and pumice is an igneous rock. Therefore, the correct pair should also consist of one sedimentary rock and one igneous rock.

• A: Granite : Obsidian — Both granite and obsidian are igneous rocks, so this does not fit the pattern.
• B: Shale : Limestone — Both shale and limestone are sedimentary rocks, so this does not fit.
• C: Slate : Marble — Both slate and marble are metamorphic rocks, so this does not fit.
• D: Conglomerate : Obsidian — Conglomerate is a sedimentary rock, and obsidian is an igneous rock, making this the correct match.

Thus, the correct answer is D: Conglomerate : Obsidian.

• Option A (Sandy soil needs regular addition of fertilizers as it holds a large amount of water) is incorrect. Sandy soil has low water-holding capacity, not a large amount. It also drains quickly, so it needs frequent watering, but not a large amount of fertilizers.
• Option B (Loamy soil has good qualities of both sandy and clayey soil and thus is most suitable for pottery) is incorrect. While loamy soil is great for agriculture due to its balanced water retention and drainage properties, it is not typically used for pottery. Clayey soil is preferred for pottery.
• Option C (Clayey soil develops cracks in hot weather causing harm to the roots of plants, thus is not suited for agriculture) is correct. Clayey soil has high water-holding capacity but becomes hard and develops cracks in hot weather, which can harm plant roots.
• Option D (The water holding capacity is highest in clayey soil and lowest in loamy soil) is incorrect. While clayey soil has the highest water retention, loamy soil holds water better than sandy soil, but not as much as clayey soil.

Thus, the correct statement is C: Clayey soil develops cracks in hot weather causing harm to the roots of plants, thus is not suited for agriculture.

Water expands (increase in volume) upon freezing. This is due to the fact that upon freezing, water molecules crystallize  into an open hexagonal lattice form in which molecules enclose more space among themselves than in the liquid state. Thus, in the given case, volume of water increased when the water froze, forcing the stopper out of the bottle and forming the column of ice.