Test: Floral Formula & Important Families of Flowering Plants - NEET MCQ

Concept:

• The Solanaceae family is known as the potato family.
• Members of Solanaceae are widely distributed in the tropics, subtropics, and also in temperate zones.

Explanation:

• Pentamerous refers to flowers of the Solanaceae family that have a set of five sepals, petals, and stamens.
• The androecium and gynoecium, which are both present in a single flower, are found in the Solanaceae family of flowers. So, they can be bisexual or hermaphrodite.
• When a flower is cut in any vertical plane that passes through its axis, two halves are created, and the flower's symmetry is actinomorphic.
• Because the sepals, petals, and stamens are sequentially and freely placed below the ovary and the ovary is known as a superior ovary, flowers of the Solanaceae family are referred to as hypogynous flowers.
• Fruit can be berry or capsule.
• Berry is an edible, juicy fruit.
• A capsule is a dry, dehiscent fruit.
• Calyx has valvate aestivation.
• When sepals or petals in a whorl just touch one another at the margin, without overlapping, as in Calotropis, it is said to be valvate.

So, the correct answer is option 1, Flower: Zygomorphic.

Solanaceae or nightshades are an economically important family of flowering plants. The family ranges from annual and perennial herbs to vines, epiphytes, shrubs and trees.

In Solanaceae, the gynoecium is Bicarpellary, syncarpous, ovary superior, bilocular, axile placentation, placenta swollen, many ovules in each locule, ovary obliquely placed, style simple; stigma bifid or capitate.

So, the correct answer is 'Solanaceae'.

Trimerous, flower, axile placentation and superior very are the characteristic feature of family Lillaceae. For example, the members of Liliaceae family are onion, garlic. Cucurbitaceae, Compositae have characteristic pentamerous flowers,  taproot end and reticulate venation in leaves.
Thus, the correct answer is option A.

Vexillary aestivation of the corolla is a characteristic of the family - Papilionaceae in which corolla (petals) are papilionaceous. In papilionaceous corolla, the posterior petal called vexillum is largest, two lateral, curved petals are called wings and two anterior, boat-shaped petals are called keels.

The fact is, tobacco is one of the most common names of many plants comes under the Solanaceae or nightshade and Nicotiana.
It is general term for the products produced from the leaves of this plant. Though over 70 species of tobacco exist in the world, the most common ones are from the N. Tabacum.

Colchicum autumnale, commonly known as autumn crocus or meadow saffron is a toxic autumn-blooming flowering plant belonging to the family Liliaceae. It is a perennial herb and it is commonly cultivated as an ornamental in temperate areas, in spite of its toxicity. The bulb-like corms of Colchicum autumnale contain colchicine, a drug which is used in the treatment of gout. It is also used in plant breeding to produce polyploid strains. So, the correct answer is 'Liliaceae'.

In a floral diagram, the dot on the top represents the position of the flower on the mother axis. The mother axis refers to the main stem or branch from which the flower emerges. The dot helps to indicate the location and orientation of the flower in relation to the mother axis.
so, the correct answer is B

The flowers of Solanaceae are bisexual and actinomorphic. The perianth and androecium whorls are pentamerous. The calyx is synsepalous. The corolla is sympetalous. The six stamens are distinct, alternating with the lobes of the corolla and adnate to the corolla tube or perigynous zone. The gynoecium consists of two carpels, a single style and a superior ovary with two locules by false partitioning, each with numerous axile ovules. 

In Fabaceae, the stamens are diadelphous, meaning they are arranged in two sets or groups.
In Fabaceae, the anthers are dithecous, meaning each stamen contains two pollen sacs.
So the correct answer is B

The Liliaceae family is known for having flowers with six tepals, which are often united and indistinctive, meaning that the sepals and petals are similar in appearance and cannot be clearly differentiated.
So the correct answer is C