Sectors of the Indian Economy - 1 - Free Assertion & Reason Questions

(ii) Mahatma Gandhi National Rural Employment Guarantee Act: Mahatma Gandhi Employment Guarantee Act 2005, is an Indian labour law and social security measure that aims to guarantee the 'right to work'. This act was passed on 23 August 2005 under the UPA government of Prime Minister Dr. Manmohan Singh.

(iii) Organised Sector: Organised sector is a sector where terms and conditions of employment are regular and as per rules and regulations passed by the Government. Employees enjoy the security of employment. In case they work more, they are paid overtime. The employees get paid leaves, provident fund, medical etc.

(iv) Public Sector: In general terms, the public sector consists of governments and all publicly controlled or publicly funded agencies, enterprises, and other entities that deliver public programs, goods, or services. Railways, Police, military, public roads, public transit and public education are examples of public sector agencies.

(v) Private Sector: The private sector is the part of the economy that is run by individuals and companies for profit and is not state controlled.

(vi) Primary Sector: The primary sector includes all those activities the end purpose of which consists in exploiting natural resources: agriculture, fishing, forestry, mining, deposits.

(ii) Plucking flowers from the plants: Flowers are the gift of nature and look more beautiful when they are on the plant so we should avoid plucking them so that all visitors to the park / garden can enjoy their beauty.

(i) Transporting flowers to the vendors

(iv) Making garlands with flowers: Natural flowers are far more vulnerable and more difficult but do give that extra dimension to the piece you are making. But there are many more options for natural flowers that fit perfectly in a garland, like carnations, roses, and chrysants.

(iii) Selling garlands at the shops

Small and marginal farmers, landless agricultural labourers, share croppers, fishermen, those engaged in animal husbandry, beedi rolling, labelling and packing, building and construction workers etc. are the example of Unorganised Sector.

• Underemployment is a measure of employment and labor utilization in the economy that looks at how well the labor force is being used in terms of skills, experience, and availability to work. It refers to a situation in which individuals are forced to work in low-paying or low-skill jobs.

• Disguised unemployment is unemployment that does not affect aggregate economic output. It occurs when productivity is low and too many workers are filling too few jobs. It can refer to any part of the population that is not employed at full capacity.

• For example, a Cultivator sells wheat to the flour mill at Rs 8 per kg. The mill granulates the wheat and sells the flour to a biscuit manufacturing agency for Rs 10 per kg.

• The biscuit company uses ingredients such as flour, sugar, and oil to make 5 packets of biscuits. These biscuits are sold at a price of Rs 100 (Rs 20 per biscuit) to the customers.

• Only the biscuit is considered as final goods because they reach the final consumers. Wheat is considered as an intermediate product.

• It is used in the manufacture of final goods only. The value of final products already covers the value of all the middle products that were used in the manufactured of final goods.

It includes activities like:

• Teaching: A service which is provided by Teacher.

• Washing: A service which is provided by Washer man.

• Curing disease: A service which is provided by doctor.

• Construction: A service which is provided by the masons, Engineers, etc.

Correct answer is: Underemployment is found mostly in agricultural sector.

Correct answer is: Secondary sector is also called the industrial sector.