BPSC Prelims Mock Test - 6 - BPSC (Bihar) MCQ

The Capital of a Kingdom Under Tomara Rajputs

• Tomara Rajputs (8th Century - 12th Century):
  • Anangapala is credited as the founder of this dynasty.
  • Delhi became the capital of a kingdom for the first time under the Tomara Rajputs.
  • They were eventually defeated by the Chauhans in the middle of the twelfth century.
  • The name of Anangpala is inscribed on the Iron Pillar of Delhi.
• Chauhans (1165-1192):
  • Prithviraj Chauhan was a prominent ruler of this dynasty.
  • In the first battle of Tarain in 1191 AD, he emerged victorious against Muhammad Ghori.
  • However, in the second battle of Tarain in 1192 AD, he was defeated by Muhammad Ghori.
•  Aurangzeb (1658-1707):
  • He served as the sixth Mughal Emperor.
  • Aurangzeb ordered the execution of the ninth Sikh guru, Guru Tegh Bahadur, in 1675 AD.
  • Additionally, he re-imposed Jaziya in 1679 AD during his reign.

• The Karnataka method was a strategy used during the Quit India Movement in the Indian freedom struggle.
• It was characterized by terrorist activities involving sabotage of war efforts by disrupting communication systems and propaganda activities.
• Ordinary peasants and educated youth participated in subversive actions, which became known as the 'Karnataka method'.

Additional Information:

• About Quit India Movement:
  • On 14 July 1942, the resolution for the British Quit India Movement was passed by the Congress Working Committee in Wardha.
  • On 8 August 1942, the All India Congress approved the proposal for the Quit India Movement at the Gwalia Tank Grounds in Bombay.
  • The movement aimed for the immediate termination of British rule in India for the establishment of freedom and democracy.
  • It is also known as the 'August revolution'.
  • The primary goal was to end the British Empire's rule in India.

The Smallest Neighboring Country of India

• Bhutan has the smallest area among neighboring countries of India.

Key Points

• A total of 9 countries share borders with India.
• Out of these, 7 countries share land borders while 2 countries share sea borders with India.
• Afghanistan, Bangladesh, Bhutan, China, Myanmar, Nepal, and Pakistan share land borders with India.
• Sri Lanka and the Maldives are two countries with water borders.
• Bhutan is the smallest neighboring country of India in terms of area and land borders.

Important Points

• The total area of Bhutan is 38,394 km².
• The total area of Myanmar is 676,575 km².
• The total area of Nepal is 147,516 km².
• The total area of Pakistan is 796,095 km².

• The total number of ministers in a state's Council of Ministers, including the Chief Minister, cannot exceed 15% of the total number of members of the Legislative Assembly of that state.
• The maximum strength of a Legislative Assembly is fixed at 500 and the minimum strength at 60, depending on the population size of the states.
• States like Arunachal Pradesh, Sikkim, Goa have the minimum number fixed at 30, while in Mizoram and Nagaland, it is 40 and 46 respectively.
• Parliament has the authority to abolish or create the Legislative Council.
• The maximum strength of a Legislative Council is fixed at one-third of the total strength of the assembly.
• The Legislative Council (Vidhan Parishad) serves as the upper house, also known as the house of elders.
• The Legislative Assembly (Vidhan Sabha) acts as the lower house, also known as the popular house.
• The provisions related to State legislatures are outlined in Articles 168 to 212 in Part VI of the Constitution.
• Currently, only six states in India have a bicameral legislature: Andhra Pradesh, Telangana, Uttar Pradesh, Bihar, Maharashtra, and Karnataka.

The Significance of Special Economic Zones (SEZ)

• Developed to Promote Investment: Special Economic Zones (SEZs) are established with the primary goal of promoting investment from both domestic and foreign sources. They serve as designated areas where businesses can benefit from incentives to attract investments, create job opportunities, and enhance economic growth.
• Incentives Offered: SEZs provide various incentives to businesses, including tax exemptions, simplified regulatory procedures, and infrastructure facilities. These incentives are aimed at making it more appealing and profitable for companies to set up operations within the SEZ.
• Boosting Economic Growth: By creating a conducive environment for businesses to thrive, SEZs contribute to attracting investments and fostering economic growth. The streamlined processes and supportive infrastructure within these zones help in enhancing productivity and competitiveness.
• Diverse Sectors Covered: SEZs can cater to a wide range of industries, such as manufacturing, IT, biotechnology, and agro-processing. This diversity allows for targeted development and specialization in specific sectors within the zones.

• Xylem in plants is responsible for the transportation of water.
• A Xylem vessel is a long tube made up of dead cells joined end to end.
• It is a non-living tube that runs from the roots of the plants and passes through the stem to reach every leaf.
• The end walls of the cells are broken to form an open tube for efficient water transport.
• Xylem vessels lack cytoplasm or nuclei, and their walls are made of cellulose or lignin.
• Aside from transporting water and minerals, xylem vessels also provide structural support to the stem and help keep it upright.

Mechanical energy (kind of both kinetic and potential energy)

• Potential energy: Potential energy is the energy stored in an object due to its specific state or position.

P.E. = mgh

• Kinetic energy: Kinetic energy is the energy an object possesses due to its motion.

K. E. = (½) mv²

• Mechanical energy: Mechanical energy is the sum of kinetic energy and potential energy in an object that is utilized to do work.
  • Mechanical energy is a combination of kinetic energy and potential energy.
  • Mechanical energy is the form of energy related to the position and motion of an object.
• Heat energy: Heat energy is the form of energy transferred between systems or a system and its surroundings due to temperature difference. It is measured in joules (J).

The Olfactory Indicator - Onion

• An olfactory indicator is a substance whose smell varies depending on whether it is mixed with an acidic or basic solution.
• Olfactory indicators can be used in the laboratory to test whether a solution is a base or an acid, a process called olfactory titration.
• Substances whose smell odor changes in an acidic or basic solution are termed olfactory indicators.
• Onion extract and Vanilla extract are examples of olfactory indicators.
• Two common examples include:
  • Onion: When a basic solution like sodium hydroxide is added, the smell of onion cannot be detected. However, an acidic solution like HCL does not destroy the smell of onion.
  • Vanilla: Adding a basic solution like sodium hydroxide to vanilla eliminates its smell, while an acidic solution like HCL does not affect the smell of vanilla extract.

Additional Information
 

Concept Used:

• Volume of a cuboid is calculated using the formula: Length x Breadth x Height.

Calculations:

• The volume of the cuboidal tin box is calculated as:
• Volume = Length x Breadth x Height
• Substitute the given values:
• Volume = 32 cm x 20 cm x 25 cm
• Volume = 16,000 cm³
• The volume of oil in the tin box is calculated as:
• Volume of oil = Length x Breadth x Height of oil
• Substitute the given values:
• Volume of oil = 32 cm x 20 cm x 18 cm
• Volume of oil = 11,520 cm³
• To determine the additional oil that can be poured in, subtract the volume of oil from the total volume of the box:
• Remaining volume = Total volume - Volume of oil
• Remaining volume = 16,000 cm³ - 11,520 cm³
• Remaining volume = 4,480 cm³

Therefore, 4,480 cm³ more oil can be poured into the tin box.

• State Bank of India (SBI) and privately owned ICICI Bank and HDFC Bank continue to be Domestic Systemically Important Banks (D-SIBs).
• D-SIBs are institutions that are too big to fail.
• In 2015 and 2016, RBI classified SBI and ICICI Bank as D-SIBs.
• Further, based on data collected from banks as on March 31, 2017, HDFC Bank was also classified as a D-SIB, along with SBI and ICICI Bank.

Additional Information:

• ICICI Bank and HDFC Bank fall under bucket 1 and SBI falls in bucket 3.
• Under bucket 1, banks require 0.2 per cent of additional common equity Tier 1 (CET1) capital as a percentage of risk-weighted assets (RWAs).
• Banks under bucket 3 require 0.6 per cent of CET1 capital as a percentage of RWAs.
• The additional CET1 requirement will be in addition to the capital conservation buffer.

• Bihar is the second-largest jute producer in India.
• In Bihar, major jute producing areas include Katihar, Samastipur, Champaran, Darbhanga, Saharsa, and Purnia.
• Purnia is the largest jute producing district in Bihar.

Key Points

• Bihar ranks second in jute production among Indian states.
• Key jute producing areas in Bihar are Katihar, Samastipur, Champaran, Darbhanga, Saharsa, and Purnia.
• Purnia stands out as the primary jute producing district in Bihar.

Important Points

• The government has mandated the use of jute bags for packaging 100% of foodgrains and 20% of sugar.
• Jute cultivation thrives in a humid climate with temperatures ranging from 24 to 38 degrees Celsius.
• Jute production is known as the Golden Fibre Revolution in India.
• The National Jute Board, under the Ministry of Textiles, promotes jute products domestically and internationally.

Key Points:

• After the battle of Buxar, the East India Company was granted rights to govern Bengal and Bihar.
• They were authorized to manage tax collection in Bengal, Bihar, and sections of Awadh, which are now part of Uttar Pradesh.
• To oversee Bihar, the East India Company created the position of Deputy Governor.
• Shitab Rai was appointed as the Naib (Deputy) Deewan of Bihar by Robert Clive.
• After Shitab Rai's passing in September 1773, Warren Hastings appointed his son, Kalyan Singh, as the Deewan of Bihar.
• The council led by Kalyan Singh had control over the general administration of Bihar.
• During Kalyan Singh's tenure, Hastings also appointed Kheyali Ram and Sandhu Ram as Naib Deewans.

The Arrival of Al-Biruni with Mahmud of Ghazni in India

• Al-Biruni's Background:
  • Al-Biruni was born in 973 in Khwarizm, present-day Uzbekistan.
  • He was a renowned scholar of Central Asia.
• Arrival in India:
  • Al-Biruni came to India in the 11th century during the invasion of Mahmud of Ghazni.
  • He arrived in India as part of Mahmud of Ghazni's entourage.
• Educational Background:
  • Al-Biruni received a comprehensive education and was proficient in various languages including Syriac, Arabic, Persian, Hebrew, and Sanskrit.
• Contributions:
  • Al-Biruni's notable work, Kitab-ul-Hind, written in Arabic, provided insights into Indian society and culture.
  • He structured his chapters uniquely, starting with a question, describing based on Sanskritic traditions, and comparing with other cultures.
  • His writings extensively referenced Brahmanas, Vedas, Puranas, Bhagavad Gita, Patanjali's works, Manusmriti, and more to explain Indian society.
• Analysis of Indian Society:
  • Al-Biruni attempted to elucidate concepts like the caste system by exploring parallels in other societies.
  • He provided insights into the system of vamas in his works.

Understanding the Association with Congress Moderates

• Servants of India Society
  • The Servants of India Society was founded by Gopal Krishna Gokhale in 1905.
  • It aimed at promoting social service and working towards the welfare of the people.
  • Gokhale was a prominent leader of the Indian National Congress and considered a moderate.
• Deccan Education Society
  • The Deccan Education Society (DES) was established in 1884 by leaders like Gopal Ganesh Agarkar and Lokmanya Tilak.
  • It runs several educational institutions in Maharashtra, Pune.
  • Leaders associated with DES were also involved in the freedom struggle.
• Indian Society
  • Anand Mohan Bose formed the Indian Society in London in 1872 to promote nationalism among Indian residents in Britain.
  • It later became a platform for Indians to voice their demands and concerns.
• More than one of the above
  • This option implies that multiple groups listed could be associated with Congress moderates.
  • In this context, both the Servants of India Society and the Indian Society had connections to moderate leaders within the Congress.

Additional Information

• London Indian Society
  • Founded in 1865 under Dadabhai Naoroji's guidance, the London Indian Society provided a platform for Indian students to discuss political issues.
  • It was later succeeded by the East India Association.
• East India Association
  • Established in 1866 by Dadabhai Naoroji, the East India Association was a forum for discussing Indian matters and providing representation to Indians in London.
  • It merged with the National Indian Association in 1949 and evolved into the Britain, India, and Pakistan Association.
• Sarvajanik Sabha
  • The Poona Sarvajanik Sabha, founded in 1870, aimed at mediating between the government and the people of India.
  • It played a crucial role in the Indian freedom struggle and was a precursor to the Indian National Congress.

The Alps Mountains Classification

• The Alps Mountains are classified as 'Young Fold Mountains'.
• The Alps Mountains stand as the highest and most extensive mountain range in Europe that originated millions of years ago.
• The process of folding in the layers of the Earth's upper crust results in the creation of 'fold mountains' like the Alps.

- Kanwar Lake is formed by the meandering of the Burhi Gandak River.
 

Understanding Structural Unemployment

• Structural unemployment: This type of unemployment arises from a mismatch between the skills possessed by job seekers and the requirements of available job positions. It occurs due to factors such as technological advancements, changes in the structure of industries, and shifts in consumer demand.

Additional Information on Types of Unemployment

• Frictional unemployment: This form of unemployment occurs when individuals voluntarily leave their jobs in search of better opportunities or due to personal reasons. It is a natural part of any economy as individuals transition between jobs.
• Cyclical unemployment: This type of unemployment is a result of fluctuations in the overall economic activity, such as during a recession. Companies may lay off workers due to a downturn in business or financial constraints.
• Seasonal unemployment: Seasonal unemployment happens when individuals are jobless during specific times of the year due to fluctuations in demand for certain types of work. It is tied to seasonal variations in industries like tourism, agriculture, and retail.

Concept:

• The brain serves as the central information processing unit in our body, overseeing voluntary movements, body balance, vital organ functions (e.g., lungs, heart), thermoregulation, hunger, thirst, circadian rhythms, endocrine gland activities, and human behavior.
• It is responsible for processing vision, hearing, speech, memory, intelligence, emotions, and thoughts.
• The human brain is safeguarded by the skull.

• The frontal bone is a component of the human skull.
• The Frontal Lobe is primarily situated in the anterior region.
• It lies just beneath the forehead.
• The frontal lobe governs intellectual activities like organization, personality, behavior, and emotional regulation.

Therefore, the frontal lobe is the brain part responsible for controlling intellectual ability.
Additional Information Parietal lobe

• Situated behind the frontal lobe.
• Receives and transmits sensory data from the body and skin, connecting with other brain regions.
• Processes various sensations like touch, pressure, pain, heat, and cold.

Occipital lobe

• It is the smallest lobe, located at the back of the brain beneath the occipital bone.
• The primary visual cortex in this lobe interprets information from the eyes' retinas.
• Handles visual functions such as face recognition, movement, object recognition, color perception, and depth perception.

Temporal lobe

• Situated at the brain's lower part, close to the ear level within the skull.
• Key functions include hearing, language recognition, speech comprehension, memory formation, visual perception, and more.

Understanding the Behavior of a Sinusoidal Transverse Wave on a String

• When a sinusoidal transverse wave propagates on a string, the particles of the string undergo vibrations that are perpendicular to the direction of wave propagation.
• The vibrations of each particle can be described as simple harmonic motion (SHM) with a specific angular frequency that is identical to the angular frequency of the wave.
  • This implies that the displacement of each particle from its equilibrium position follows a sinusoidal pattern with the same frequency as the wave.

• For instance:

  • Let's consider a scenario where a wave is traveling on a string towards the right.
  • As the wave passes through the string, the particles of the string oscillate up and down.
  • At any given moment, each particle experiences a displacement from its resting position.
  • This displacement follows a sinusoidal pattern with the same frequency as the wave.

• Therefore, it can be concluded that any point on the string moves in simple harmonic motion (SHM) with the same angular frequency as that of the wave.

• An ore is a mineral from which a metal can be extracted profitably and easily, not all minerals qualify as ores.
• Copper ore does not contain pure copper but typically includes a copper-sulphur-iron compound like chalcopyrite or a copper-sulphur compound like chalcocite.
• To obtain the metal, it needs to be separated from such minerals through multi-step metallurgic processes.
• Pyrite was historically significant for sulfur and sulfuric acid production, but modern sulfur production mainly comes from oil and gas processing.
• Some sulfur is still derived from pyrite as a by-product of gold production, and pyrite is sometimes used as a gemstone.

Given Ores and their formulas:

• Copper Pyrites: CuFeS₂
• Malachite: CuCo₃.Cu(OH)₂
• Azurite: Cu₃(CO)₃(OH)₂
• Dolomite: CaMg(CO₃)₂

Only Copper Pyrites contains both iron and copper.

All the districts given in the options are part of the Magadh Administrative division of Bihar. 
Key Points

• The Bihar state is divided into 9 administrative divisions, 38 districts, 101 subdivisions, 534 circles, 11 municipal corporations, 49 Nagar Parishads, and 80 Nagar Panchayats.
• A group of districts forms a division, which is administered by a Divisional Commissioner.
• The districts with 9 divisions are as follows:

• 'Development which meets the needs of the present without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs.'
  • This widely accepted definition of Sustainable Development was provided by the Brundtland Commission in its report Our Common Future (1987).
• Sustainable development (SD) involves collective efforts to create an inclusive, sustainable, and resilient future for both people and the planet.
• There are three core elements of sustainable development:
  1. Economic growth
  2. Social inclusion
  3. Environmental protection. Therefore, options 1, 2, and 3 are accurate.
• It is essential to align these elements harmoniously.
• India has acknowledged the significance of traditional knowledge through initiatives like the National Ayush Mission (NAM) and the Traditional Knowledge Digital Library (TKDL).
• The integration of traditional and scientific knowledge is known as community knowledge. Progressing towards sustainable development in various sectors will necessitate the application of community knowledge.

• Given symbols interpretation:

  • 'A # B' means 'A is the mother of B'
  • 'A - B' means 'A is the daughter of B'
  • 'A @ B' means 'A is the brother of B'
  • 'A $ B' means 'A is the father of B'

• Interpreting the given expression:
  F # T @ G $ H - K # P
  Breaking down the relationships:

  • F is the mother of T
  • T is the brother of G
  • G is the father of H
  • H is the daughter of K
  • K is the mother of P

• Relationships visually represented:

  • F is the mother of T
    
  • T is the brother of G
    
  • G is the father of H
    
  • H is the daughter of K
    
  • K is the mother of P
    

• Therefore, F is P's father's mother, which means F is related to P as P's father's mother.
  Thus, the correct answer is "option 3".

The District in Bihar with Mica Deposits

• Mica production in Bihar is primarily concentrated in the Nawada district.
• Gaya district is well-known for its significant deposits of Mica.
• Mica can also be found in Jamui, Bhagalpur, and Munger districts of Bihar.
• Bihar ranks third in mica production, with an estimated production of 3,381 tonnes.

Additional Information

• The Broadcasting Infrastructure and Network Development (BIND) scheme worth over ₹2,500 crores has been launched.
• It will focus on expanding and upgrading the infrastructure of Prasar Bharati, improving digital content and distribution network.
• The BIND scheme will increase the coverage of AIR FM transmitters in the country to 66% by geographical area and 80% by population, up from 59% and 68%, respectively.

Important Points

• BIND is a Central Sector Scheme.
• The time period of the scheme is up to 2025-26.
• The BIND scheme would provide for the necessary financial support to improve the infrastructure. 
• The scheme is also focusing on the development of high-quality content for both domestic and international audience.

• India's Target: India has set a target to eliminate Lymphatic Filariasis by 2027. This commitment is part of a mission mode approach to eradicate the disease three years ahead of the global target.
• Multi-Drug Administration Campaign: The Multi-drug administration (MDA) Campaign is conducted twice a year, synchronized with National Deworming Day which is observed on 10th February and 10th August.
• States Affected: States like Odisha, Jharkhand, Uttar Pradesh, and Bihar account for around 60% of Lymphedema cases. These states play a significant role in the burden of the disease.
• Characteristics of Lymphatic Filariasis:
  • Lymphatic Filariasis, also known as elephantiasis, is classified as a neglected tropical disease due to its impact and prevalence.
  • Infection occurs when filarial parasites are transmitted to humans through mosquitoes.
  • It is caused by infection with nematodes (roundworms) of the family Filariodidea.
  • The disease causes hidden damage to the lymphatic system and can lead to visible disfigurations like lymphedema and elephantiasis.
• Global Impact: In 2020, over 863 million people in 50 countries were living in areas requiring preventive chemotherapy to curb the spread of Lymphatic Filariasis.

Conclusion: India's proactive approach to eliminate Lymphatic Filariasis by 2027, the strategic timing of the MDA Campaigns, and the significant burden of the disease in specific states underscore the importance of ongoing efforts to combat this neglected tropical disease.

The Prayag Hindi Sahitya Sammelan in Bihar

• Overview: The Prayag Hindi Sahitya Sammelan is set to take place in Bihar in 2024.
• Key Points:
  • In the 74th National Convention of the conference held at Sevagram, Wardha on February 25-26, it was decided that the Prayag Hindi Sahitya Sammelan will be organized in Bihar in 2024.
  • Amrit Mahotsav (75th) National Convention of Prayag Hindi Sahitya Sammelan will be held in March 2024 in Bihar.
  • The meeting was presided over by Bihar Hindi Sahitya Sammelan chairman Dr. Anil Sulabh who made the request for the event.
  • The Hindi Sahitya Sammelan was established in 1910 under the auspices of the Nagari Pracharini Sabha.
  • The organization's headquarters is in Prayagraj, which includes a printing press, library, museum, and administrative buildings.