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31 Years NEET Previous Year Questions: Digestion & Absorption - 1 (Old NCERT) - NEET MCQ


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30 Questions MCQ Test - 31 Years NEET Previous Year Questions: Digestion & Absorption - 1 (Old NCERT)

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31 Years NEET Previous Year Questions: Digestion & Absorption - 1 (Old NCERT) - Question 1

Succus entericus is referred to as:    [NEET 2021]

Detailed Solution for 31 Years NEET Previous Year Questions: Digestion & Absorption - 1 (Old NCERT) - Question 1

The secretions of the brush border cells of the mucosa alongwith the secretions of the goblet cells constitute the intestinal juice or succus entericus.

31 Years NEET Previous Year Questions: Digestion & Absorption - 1 (Old NCERT) - Question 2

Identify the correct statement with reference to the human digestive system.     [NEET 2020]

Detailed Solution for 31 Years NEET Previous Year Questions: Digestion & Absorption - 1 (Old NCERT) - Question 2

(a) Small intestine is distinguishable into three regions, a ‘U’ shaped duodenum, a long coiled middle portion jejunum and a highly coiled ileum.
(b) A narrow finger-like tubular projection, the vermiform appendix which is a vestigial organ, arises from the caecum.
(c) Ileum opens into the large intestine.
(d) The wall of alimentary canal possesses four layers from outer to inner namely serosa, muscularis, submucosa and mucosa. Serosa is the outermost layer and mucosa is the innermost layer.

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31 Years NEET Previous Year Questions: Digestion & Absorption - 1 (Old NCERT) - Question 3

Which of the following terms describes human dentition?    [NEET 2018]

Detailed Solution for 31 Years NEET Previous Year Questions: Digestion & Absorption - 1 (Old NCERT) - Question 3
  • The majority of mammals, including human beings, erupt two sets of teeth during their lifetime, a set of temporary milk or deciduous teeth that is replaced by a set of permanent or adult teeth. This type of dentition is called diphyodont. 
  • An adult human has 32 permanent teeth which are of four different types (heterodont dentition), namely, incisors (1), canines (C), premolars (PM), and molars (M). Teeth are embedded in the sockets of the jawbones, which represents the codont dentition.
31 Years NEET Previous Year Questions: Digestion & Absorption - 1 (Old NCERT) - Question 4

Which cells of ‘Crypts of Lieberkuhn’ secrete antibacterial lysozyme?   [NEET 2017]

Detailed Solution for 31 Years NEET Previous Year Questions: Digestion & Absorption - 1 (Old NCERT) - Question 4

Paneth cells, present in the bottom of crypts of Lieberkuhn, are rich in zinc and contain acidophilic granules. There is evidence that these cells secrete antibacterial lysozyme. Zymogen cells or peptic cells are present in the stomach and secrete pepsinogen. 

Kupffer cells are present in the liver. They are phagocytic in nature and engulf disease-causing microorganisms, dead cells, etc. Argentaffin cells, found in crypts of Lieberkuhn, synthesize hormone secretin and 5 - hydroxytryptamine.

31 Years NEET Previous Year Questions: Digestion & Absorption - 1 (Old NCERT) - Question 5

Which hormones do stimulate the production of pancreatic juice and bicarbonate?     [NEET 2016]

Detailed Solution for 31 Years NEET Previous Year Questions: Digestion & Absorption - 1 (Old NCERT) - Question 5

Cholecystokinin pancreozymins (CCKPZ) is a hormone secreted from the small intestine. It stimulates the gall bladder to release bile and the pancreas to secrete and release digestive enzymes in the pancreatic juice. Hormone secretin is secreted from the duodenum and releases bicarbonates in the pancreatic juice. It also increases the secretion of bile and decreases gastric secretion and motility.

31 Years NEET Previous Year Questions: Digestion & Absorption - 1 (Old NCERT) - Question 6

Pancreatic juice is stimulated by the release of

Detailed Solution for 31 Years NEET Previous Year Questions: Digestion & Absorption - 1 (Old NCERT) - Question 6

Pancreatic juice secretion is principally regulated by the hormones secretin and cholecystokinin, which are produced by the walls of the duodenum, and by the action of autonomic innervation. The release of these hormones into the blood is stimulated by the entry of the acidic chyme into the duodenum.

31 Years NEET Previous Year Questions: Digestion & Absorption - 1 (Old NCERT) - Question 7

Which group of three of the following five statements (a-e) contain is all three correct statements regarding beri-beri? [2005]
(a) a crippling disease prevalant among the native population of sub-Saharan Africa;
(b) a deficiency disease caused by lack of thiamine (vitamin B1)
(c) a nutritional disorder in infants and young children when the diet is persistently deficient in essential protein;
(d) occurs in those countries where the staple diet is polished rice;
(e) the symptoms are pain from neuritis, paralysis, muscle wasting, progressive oedema, mental deterioration and finally heart failure;

Detailed Solution for 31 Years NEET Previous Year Questions: Digestion & Absorption - 1 (Old NCERT) - Question 7

Deficiency of vitamin B1 causes Beri Beri disease. Beri Beri disease was discovered by Eijkman in 1897. Eijkman observed that the disease beri beri occuried mainly in people subsisting on a polished rice diet. This disease is rare in the western world because of food habits and food enrichment. Beri beri disease is characterized by loss of apetite and weight and vigour, retarted growth, degeneration of nerves, muscle atrophy, even paralysis, weakened heart beat and failure.

31 Years NEET Previous Year Questions: Digestion & Absorption - 1 (Old NCERT) - Question 8

A patient is generally advised to specially, consume more meat, lentils, milk and eggs in diet only when he suffers from [2005]

Detailed Solution for 31 Years NEET Previous Year Questions: Digestion & Absorption - 1 (Old NCERT) - Question 8

A child may have a diet containing sufficient carbohydrates and fats but still suffers a serious form of malnutrition. This form of malnutrition is known as Kwashiorkar. It develops in children whose diets are deficient in protein. When the first child is weaned (accustomed to food other than its mother’s milk) after the second is born, its primary supply of protein (the mother’s milk) is lost. If the new diet is very low in protein to meet the needs of the growing individual this disease develops.
All the food stuff eg. milks, lentils, meat and eggs are rich in proteins. 

31 Years NEET Previous Year Questions: Digestion & Absorption - 1 (Old NCERT) - Question 9

Epithelial cells of the intestine involved in food absorption have on their surface:

Detailed Solution for 31 Years NEET Previous Year Questions: Digestion & Absorption - 1 (Old NCERT) - Question 9

Presence of microvilli on the epithelial cells of intestine increases  the surface area for absorption of food. 

31 Years NEET Previous Year Questions: Digestion & Absorption - 1 (Old NCERT) - Question 10

Secretin and cholecystokinin are digestive hormones. They are secreted in : [2005]

Detailed Solution for 31 Years NEET Previous Year Questions: Digestion & Absorption - 1 (Old NCERT) - Question 10

Secretin and cholecystokinin are secreted in the duodenum.
Stimulus to
(i) Secretin : Acidic chyme entry into duodenum
(ii) CCK-PZ : Presence of fat in duodenum Action (i) Secretin : Releases bicarbonates in the pancreatic juice.
(ii) CCKPZ : contracts the gall bladder to release bile. Stimulating pancreas to secrete and release digestive enzymes in the pancreatic juice.

31 Years NEET Previous Year Questions: Digestion & Absorption - 1 (Old NCERT) - Question 11

Angiotensinogen is a protein produced and secreted by [2006]

Detailed Solution for 31 Years NEET Previous Year Questions: Digestion & Absorption - 1 (Old NCERT) - Question 11

Angiotensinogen is a protein secreted by liver cells.

31 Years NEET Previous Year Questions: Digestion & Absorption - 1 (Old NCERT) - Question 12

A person who is one along hunger strike and is surviving only on water, will have [2007]

Detailed Solution for 31 Years NEET Previous Year Questions: Digestion & Absorption - 1 (Old NCERT) - Question 12

Due to a long hunger strike and survival on water, a person will have less urea in his urine because urea comes to kidney as a waste product from liver which is formed after the breakdown of protein fat, carbohydrate during hunger.  It is not synthesised but the synthesised ones are catabolised. 

31 Years NEET Previous Year Questions: Digestion & Absorption - 1 (Old NCERT) - Question 13

Which one of the following is a fat-soluble vitamin and its related deficiency disease? [2007]

Detailed Solution for 31 Years NEET Previous Year Questions: Digestion & Absorption - 1 (Old NCERT) - Question 13

Retinol, also known as Vitamin A, is a fat-soluble vitamin that is important for vision, immune function, and cell growth and differentiation. Its deficiency can lead to a condition called xerophthalmia, which is characterized by dry eyes, night blindness, and ultimately, blindness.

Option 2 is incorrect because cobalamin (Vitamin B12) deficiency can lead to megaloblastic anemia, but not beriberi, which is caused by thiamine (Vitamin B1) deficiency.

Option 3 is incorrect because calciferol (Vitamin D) deficiency can lead to rickets in children and osteomalacia in adults, but not pellagra, which is caused by niacin (Vitamin B3) deficiency.

Option 4 is also incorrect because ascorbic acid (Vitamin C) deficiency can lead to scurvy, but it is a water-soluble vitamin, not a fat-soluble one.

31 Years NEET Previous Year Questions: Digestion & Absorption - 1 (Old NCERT) - Question 14

What will happen if the secretion of parietal cells of gastric glands is blocked with an inhibitor? [2008]

Detailed Solution for 31 Years NEET Previous Year Questions: Digestion & Absorption - 1 (Old NCERT) - Question 14

If the secretion of parietal cells of gastric glands is blocked with an inhibitor, in the absence of HCI secretion, inactive pepsinogen is not converted into the active enzyme pepsin. 

31 Years NEET Previous Year Questions: Digestion & Absorption - 1 (Old NCERT) - Question 15

Which one of the following is the correct matching of the site of action on the given substrate, the enzyme acting upon it and the end product? [2008]

Detailed Solution for 31 Years NEET Previous Year Questions: Digestion & Absorption - 1 (Old NCERT) - Question 15

Small intestine- Starch disaccharide  (maltose) Small intestine is the portion of the alimentary canal between the stomach and large intestine. It is subdivided into the duodenum, jejunum, and ileum. It plays an essential role in the final digestion and absorption of food. 

31 Years NEET Previous Year Questions: Digestion & Absorption - 1 (Old NCERT) - Question 16

Modern detergents contain enzyme preparations of: [2008]

Detailed Solution for 31 Years NEET Previous Year Questions: Digestion & Absorption - 1 (Old NCERT) - Question 16

Modern detergent contain enzymes preparations of alkaliphiles. Alkaliphiles live in alkaline environments like soda lakes, or alkaline soil. The pH level in alkaline substances is from about 9 to 11 on the pH scale. The alkaliphiles keep an alkaline level of about 9 pH inside the cells, but the environment has a higher level of alkalinity. Alkaliphiles can keep the right pH level by pumping in hydrogen ions in out at the right rate. 

31 Years NEET Previous Year Questions: Digestion & Absorption - 1 (Old NCERT) - Question 17

When breast feeding is replaced by less nutritive food low in proteins and calories; the infants below the age of one year are likely to suffer from: [2009]

Detailed Solution for 31 Years NEET Previous Year Questions: Digestion & Absorption - 1 (Old NCERT) - Question 17

If breast feeding is replaced by less nutritive food low in proteins and calories; the infants below the age of (one year are likely to suffer from Marasmus.
Marasmus is a form of malnutrition that occurs when there is not enough protein in the diet.This disease is more common in very poor countries. It often occurs during a drought or other natural disaster, or during political unrest. These conditions are responsible for a lack of food, which leads to malnutrition.

31 Years NEET Previous Year Questions: Digestion & Absorption - 1 (Old NCERT) - Question 18

A young infant may be feeding entirely on mothers milk which is white in colour but the stools which the infant passes out is quite yellowish. What is this yellow colour due to ? [2009]

Detailed Solution for 31 Years NEET Previous Year Questions: Digestion & Absorption - 1 (Old NCERT) - Question 18

Young infant may be feeding entirely on mother’s milk which is white in colour but the stools which the infant passes out is quite yellowish because bile pigments passed through bile juice. Bile pigments are any of several coloured compounds derived from porphyrin that are found in bile; principally bilirubin and biliverdin. Bile pigment is produced regularly when old red blood cells are broken down, mainly by the spleen. In some blood-disorders where the red cells are destroyed, more bile pigment is produced.

31 Years NEET Previous Year Questions: Digestion & Absorption - 1 (Old NCERT) - Question 19

Which one of the following statements is true regarding digestion and absorption of food in humans? [2009]

Detailed Solution for 31 Years NEET Previous Year Questions: Digestion & Absorption - 1 (Old NCERT) - Question 19

Fructose and amino acids are absorbed through intestinal mucosa with the help of carrier ions like Na+.Carbohydrates are absorbed as monosaccharides (simple sugars such as glucose, fructose, and galactose that cannot be further broken down by hydrolysis) or as disaccharides carbohydrates (such as sucrose, lactose, maltose, and dextrin that can be hydrolyzed to two monosaccharides). These simpler molecules, however, must be obtained by the breaking down of polysaccharides, complex carbohydrates that contain many monosaccharides.
Chief among these is amylase, a starch that accounts for 20 percent of dietary carbohydrate.

31 Years NEET Previous Year Questions: Digestion & Absorption - 1 (Old NCERT) - Question 20

Which one of the following pairs of food components in humans reaches the stomach totally undigested? [2009]

Detailed Solution for 31 Years NEET Previous Year Questions: Digestion & Absorption - 1 (Old NCERT) - Question 20

Fat and cellulose is the pair of food components in human reaches the stomach totally undigested.

31 Years NEET Previous Year Questions: Digestion & Absorption - 1 (Old NCERT) - Question 21

If for some reason our goblet cells are non functional, this will adversely affect: [2010]

Detailed Solution for 31 Years NEET Previous Year Questions: Digestion & Absorption - 1 (Old NCERT) - Question 21

Goblet cells, found in the intestinal mucosal epithelium, secrete mucus. The mucus lubricates the food for an easy passage. So, if for some reason, goblet cells become non-functional, it will adversely affect the smooth movement of food down the intestine.

31 Years NEET Previous Year Questions: Digestion & Absorption - 1 (Old NCERT) - Question 22

Two friends are eating together on a dining table. One of them suddenly starts coughing while swallowing some food. This coughing would have been due to improper movement of:[2011]

Detailed Solution for 31 Years NEET Previous Year Questions: Digestion & Absorption - 1 (Old NCERT) - Question 22

The coughing would have been due to improper movement of epiglottis.

31 Years NEET Previous Year Questions: Digestion & Absorption - 1 (Old NCERT) - Question 23

Which one of the following enzymes carries out the initial step in the digestion of milk in humans? [2011]

Detailed Solution for 31 Years NEET Previous Year Questions: Digestion & Absorption - 1 (Old NCERT) - Question 23

In humans milk protein digesting enzyme in stomach is pepsin. In calves it is rennin. Rennin is also present in small amounts in human infants but not adults. Pepsin acts on water soluble caseinogen (milk protein) to form solubles 'casein'. This combines with calcium salts to form insoluble calcium paracaseinate, which gets readily digested enzymatically.

Answer is B  "pepsin"

31 Years NEET Previous Year Questions: Digestion & Absorption - 1 (Old NCERT) - Question 24

One of the constituents of the pancreatic juice while poured into the duodenum in humans, is: [2011M]

Detailed Solution for 31 Years NEET Previous Year Questions: Digestion & Absorption - 1 (Old NCERT) - Question 24

Because it is inactive form and we know that all enzymes of pancreas are secreted in this form. Enzyme enterokinase is secreted from the duodenal mucosa, at the chemical stage that changes the inactive pancreatic secretion trypsinogen to trypsin.

31 Years NEET Previous Year Questions: Digestion & Absorption - 1 (Old NCERT) - Question 25

Which one of the following correctly represents the normal adult human dental formula ?[2011M]

Detailed Solution for 31 Years NEET Previous Year Questions: Digestion & Absorption - 1 (Old NCERT) - Question 25

The adult dental formula of human is Incisor   Canine Premolar  Molar

31 Years NEET Previous Year Questions: Digestion & Absorption - 1 (Old NCERT) - Question 26

Anxiety and eating spicy food together in an otherwise normal human, may lead to[2012]

Detailed Solution for 31 Years NEET Previous Year Questions: Digestion & Absorption - 1 (Old NCERT) - Question 26

Anxiety and eating spicy food together in normal healthy man can lead to indigestion which is difficulty in digestion.

31 Years NEET Previous Year Questions: Digestion & Absorption - 1 (Old NCERT) - Question 27

Where do certain symbiotic micro-organisms normally occur in human body? [2012M]

Detailed Solution for 31 Years NEET Previous Year Questions: Digestion & Absorption - 1 (Old NCERT) - Question 27

The caecum is a pouch-like portion of the large intestine which hosts some symbiotic micro-organism. The caecum absorbs water and salts from undigested foods before they continue on to the large intestine.

31 Years NEET Previous Year Questions: Digestion & Absorption - 1 (Old NCERT) - Question 28

Select the correct match of the digested products in humans given in column -I with their absorption site and mechanism in column-II   [NEET 2013]

Detailed Solution for 31 Years NEET Previous Year Questions: Digestion & Absorption - 1 (Old NCERT) - Question 28

Small intestine is major area of absorbtion of nutrients. Approximately 80% of absorbtion take place here. Glucose, fructose, fatty acids, amino acids (Glycine etc.) are absorbed through mucosa into blood and lymph by active absorbtion.

31 Years NEET Previous Year Questions: Digestion & Absorption - 1 (Old NCERT) - Question 29

A healthy person eats the following diet - 5 gm raw sugar, 4 gm albumin, 10 gm pure buffalo ghee adulterated with 2 gm vegetable ghee (hydrogenated vegetable oil) and 5 gm lignin. How many calories he is likely to get? [NEET Kar. 2013]

Detailed Solution for 31 Years NEET Previous Year Questions: Digestion & Absorption - 1 (Old NCERT) - Question 29

Physiological value of carbohydrates is 4.0 kcal/g,
proteins 4.0 kcal/g and of fats is 9.0 kcal/g. Hence,
5 g raw sugar will yield
5 × 4.0 = 20.0 kcal
4 g albumin (protein) will yield
4 × 4.0 = 16.0 kcal
10 + 2 g of fat will yield
12 × 9.0 = 108.0 kcal
Total yield = 144 kcal.

31 Years NEET Previous Year Questions: Digestion & Absorption - 1 (Old NCERT) - Question 30

Which enzymes are likely to act on the baked potatoes eaten by a man, starting from the mouth and as it moves down the alimentary canal? [NEET Kar. 2013]

Detailed Solution for 31 Years NEET Previous Year Questions: Digestion & Absorption - 1 (Old NCERT) - Question 30

Chemical process of digestion started in the oral cavity by the hydrolytic action of the carbohydrate (potato contains starch) splitting enzyme, the salivary amylase. Carbohydrates in the chyme are hydrolysed by pancreatic amylase into disaccharides.

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