Manufacturing Industries - Free Assertion & Reason Questions with Solutions

(i) Agro based industry: The cotton textile industry is known as an agro based industry because it uses raw materials produced by the agricultural sector.

(ii) Private sector industry: Tata Steel was established in India as Asia's first integrated private steel company in 1907. With this, we also developed India's first industrial city at Jamshedpur. Today, we are among the leading global steel companies.

(iii) Joint Sector Industry: Oil India limited is jointly owned by the public and private sector, hence it is a joint sector industry.

(iv) Cooperative sector industry: The Amul Model of dairy development is a three-tiered structure with the dairy cooperative societies at the village level federated under a milk union at the district level and a federation of member unions at the state level.

(i) Information Technology and Electronics Industry: Bangalore has emerged as the electronic capital of India. Others are Mumbai, Delhi, Hyderabad, Pune Chennai, Kolkata, Lucknow and Coimbatore.

(ii) Cement Industry: India entered into the Cement Era in 1914, when the Indian Cement Company Ltd. started manufacturing Cement in Porbandar in Gujarat.

(iii) Automobile Industry: For three decades, more than half the vehicles – two-wheelers as well as cars sold in the country have come from five factories in the industrial belt of Gurgaon and Manesar in Haryana.

(iv) Fertilizers Industry: Chambal Fertilisers is a large fertiliser manufacturing company based at Kota in Rajasthan in India.

To make a garment, the correct sequence of steps is:

1. Spinning of yarn (iii) – First, fibers like cotton or wool are spun into yarn.

2. Weaving or knitting of fabric (i) – The yarn is then woven or knitted to make fabric.

3. Dyeing and finishing of garment (iv) – The fabric is dyed, printed, and finished to improve its appearance and quality.

4. Manufacturing of garment (stitching) (ii) – Finally, the fabric is cut and stitched into garments.

Correct option: c) (iii) – (i) – (iv) – (ii)

Answer: Option (a)

• Assertion (A): India is the largest producer of raw jute and jute goods and stands at second place as an exporter after Bangladesh. This statement is generally considered True.
• Reason (R): Other problems are the law output of labour and stiff competition with the synthetic fibre industry. This statement highlighting challenges like low productivity and competition from synthetics is also True.
• Explanation: While both statements are factually correct, Reason (R) does not explain why India is the largest producer and second-largest exporter (Assertion A). The primary reasons for India's dominance lie in its vast cultivation area (especially in the Ganga-Brahmaputra delta) and historical advantages, not the listed problems, which actually hinder its potential.