Assertion & Reason Test: Outcomes of Democracy

Solution:

(i) Democracy: A democracy means rule by the people. The name is used for different forms of government, where the people can take part in the decisions that affect the way their community is run. The people elect their leaders.

(ii) Non-democratic regimes: A good democratic government definition is a government in which power is held by citizens or exercised on their behalf by elected officers. On the other hand, a non-democratic meaning is a government run by officials who are not elected by citizens and are not accountable to citizens.

(iii) Dictatorships: A dictator is someone who has absolute power or who at least behaves as if they do by bossing others around. In government, a dictator is a ruler who has total control over a country, with no checks or balances to prevent abuse of power.

(iv) Democratic regimes: Democracy is government in which power and civic responsibility are exercised by all adult citi- zens, directly, or through their freely elected rep- resentatives. Democracy rests upon the principles of majority rule and individual rights.

Solution:

(i) Transparency and decision-making: Transparency means that everyone understands both the decision-making process and the thinking behind any decision in which they have an interest. Even with good intentions, mistakes will be made. Someone won't be informed. Someone who wanted to provide input will not be consulted.

(ii) Dignity and freedom of women: Every woman has the right to live in dignity free of fear, coercion, violence and discrimination.

(iii) Economic growth and development: Economic growth implies a process of increase in real national income and real. per capita income. Economic development is defined as a sustained improvement in material well being of society.

(iv) Accountable and responsive government: Accountable Government means a government which is responsible for its actions, and a citizen can find out he process of decision making as it follows set norms and procedures. Responsive Government is one where the government is attentive to the needs of the people and fulfils them.

Solution: Economic Growth refers to the increment in the amount of goods and services produced by an economy. Economic growth means an increase in real national income / national output. Economic development means an improvement in the quality of life and living standards, e.g. measures of literacy, life-expectancy and health care.

Solution: Democracy stands much superior to any other form of government in promoting dignity and freedom of the individual. Every individual wants to receive respect from fellow beings. Often conflicts arise among individuals because some fell that they are not treated with due respect.

Solution: Transparency implies openness, communication, and accountability. The term transparency has a very different meaning in information security where it is used to describe security mechanisms that are intentionally in-detectable or hidden from view.

Solution: Poverty is about not having enough money to meet basic needs including food, clothing and shelter. However, poverty is more, much more than just not having enough money. The World Bank Organization describes poverty in this way: “Poverty is hunger.

Solution: Democracy allows us to correct our own mistake. as in this the main power is with the citizens so if they make a wrong choice in choosing the representative then it can be changed. they can vote others and the mistake would be corrected. Under the influence of that,many people vote for them.

Solution: The world order has since inception been a patriarchy defined. Almost all the societies are male dominated for one or other reason which led to the oppression and suppression of women or where it is not so, women were not given opportunities to prove themselves or to claim their independence alongside the men. The wave of women empowerment all over the world in different polities with a common aim has created some sensitivity and room for development for women in the society.

Solution:

• The challenge to democracy in these parts is very stark.

• These countries face the foundational challenge of making the transition to democracy and then instituting a democratic government.

• This involves bringing down the existing non-democratic government.

• Military should be kept away from the controlling government and a sovereign and functional state should be established.

Solution: Power sharing is the spirit of democracy because it is one of the foundational principles on which the concept of democratic rule is based. In a democracy, the people have a right to be consulted on how they should be governed and all the citizens tend to have the same political and legal rights.

Solution: The laws of a country play an important role in bringing about reforms. The laws have to be revised carefully to ensure that wrong political practices are not encouraged. Laws alone cannot resolve challenges; democratic reforms are to be carried out mainly by political activists, parties, movements and politically conscious citizens.

Solution: The third challenge of deepening of democracy is faced by every democracy in one form or another. This involves strengthening of the institutions and practices of democracy. This should happen in such a way that people can realise their expectations of democracy.