Drainage -Olympiad Level MCQ, Class 9 SST - Class 9 MCQ

The upland that separates two drainage basins is known as a water divide. Here is a detailed explanation of why the correct answer is C:
1. Drainage basin:
- A drainage basin refers to an area of land where all the water drains into a particular river or water body.
- It includes all the land and water bodies that contribute to the flow of water into a specific river or lake.
2. Drainage system:
- A drainage system refers to the network of rivers, streams, and other water bodies that collect and channel water from a particular area.
- It includes both the surface water and groundwater that flow through the system.
3. Water divide:
- A water divide, also known as a watershed or a divide, is a geographical feature that separates two adjacent drainage basins.
- It is typically a ridge, mountain range, or highland area that determines the direction in which water flows.
- Water on one side of the divide flows into one drainage basin, while water on the other side flows into a different drainage basin.
4. River system:
- A river system refers to the network of rivers and their tributaries that drain into a larger river or water body.
- It includes the main river and all its branches and tributaries.
Therefore, the correct answer is C: Water divide.

The Freshwater Lake of India
There are several freshwater lakes in India, but the correct answer to this question is Wular Lake. Here is a detailed explanation:
Wular Lake:
- Wular Lake is the largest freshwater lake in India, located in the state of Jammu and Kashmir.
- It is situated between the cities of Srinagar and Bandipora in the Kashmir Valley.
- The lake is surrounded by beautiful mountains and serves as a major tourist attraction in the region.
- It is also an important habitat for a variety of bird species, making it a popular spot for birdwatching.
- Wular Lake plays a crucial role in the local economy as it supports fishing activities and provides irrigation water for agriculture.
Other freshwater lakes in India:
- Sambhar Lake: Located in Rajasthan, it is the largest saltwater lake in India and not a freshwater lake.
- Chilika Lake: Located in Odisha, it is the largest brackish water lake in India and not a freshwater lake.
- Pulicat Lake: Located in Andhra Pradesh and Tamil Nadu, it is a brackish water lake and not a freshwater lake.
In conclusion, out of the given options, the freshwater lake of India is Wular Lake.

The Wular lake in Jammu and Kashmir, with a maximum area of 260 sq km, is the largest natural fresh water lake in India.Fresh water lakes are formed when glaciers dig out a basin, which is later filled with snowmelt . Most of the fresh water are in the Himalayan region. The Wular lake in Jammu and Kashmir is the result of tectonic activity. Wular lake is the largest fresh water lake in India. The Dal lake, Nainital, Bhimtal, Loktak and Barapani are some other important fresh water lake.

Lakes in the group:

• The Dal lake


• The Nainital Lake


• The Guru Gobinda Sagar


• The Bhimtal Lake

Difference in the lakes:

• The Dal lake


• The Nainital Lake


• The Guru Gobinda Sagar


• The Bhimtal Lake

Explanation:

The lake that differs from the rest in the group is The Guru Gobinda Sagar.

The Dal lake, Nainital Lake, and Bhimtal Lake are popular lakes in India located in different regions. However, Guru Gobinda Sagar is not a lake, but a reservoir.

The Dal lake is a famous lake in Srinagar, Jammu and Kashmir, known for its houseboats and shikaras.

The Nainital Lake is a natural freshwater lake situated in Nainital, Uttarakhand, and is a popular tourist destination.

The Bhimtal Lake is another lake in Uttarakhand, located near Nainital, and is famous for its island in the middle.

On the other hand, Guru Gobinda Sagar is a reservoir formed on the River Sutlej in Himachal Pradesh, India. It was created by the Bhakra Dam and is primarily used for hydroelectric power generation.

Therefore, the correct answer is option C, The Guru Gobinda Sagar, as it is not a natural lake like the others in the group.

 

The island is formed by the Brahmaputra river in the south and the Kherkutia Xuti which is a stream of the Brahmaputra. It is joined by the Subansiri River in the north.

The Ganga river has the largest drainage pattern in India.
Here is a detailed explanation:
Definition of drainage pattern:
A drainage pattern refers to the arrangement of rivers, streams, and other water bodies in a particular region. It represents the network through which water flows and is drained into larger water bodies such as rivers, lakes, or oceans.
Explanation of options:
To determine the river with the largest drainage pattern, let's examine each option:
- The Indus: The Indus river is one of the longest rivers in Asia and flows through parts of India, Pakistan, and China. While it has a significant drainage pattern, it is not the largest in India.
- The Ganga: The Ganga river, also known as the Ganges, is the largest river in India and has the largest drainage pattern in the country. It originates in the Himalayas and flows through several states before emptying into the Bay of Bengal. The Ganga river basin covers a large area, including parts of Uttar Pradesh, Bihar, West Bengal, and other states.
- The Brahmaputra: The Brahmaputra river is one of the major rivers in India and flows through the northeastern states. It has a substantial drainage pattern, but it is not as extensive as the Ganga river.
- The Mahanadi: The Mahanadi river is a major river in the state of Odisha and has a significant drainage pattern. However, it is not as large as the Ganga river in terms of drainage area.
Conclusion:
Based on the options provided, the Ganga river has the largest drainage pattern in India. Its extensive network of tributaries and the large area it covers make it the river with the most significant drainage pattern in the country.

The convergence of Alaknanda and Bhagirathi to form the river Ganga occurs at Devprayag. Here is a detailed explanation:
1. Alaknanda and Bhagirathi:
- Alaknanda is one of the two main tributaries of the river Ganga. It originates from the Satopanth Glacier in Uttarakhand.
- Bhagirathi is the other main tributary of the Ganga. It originates from the Gangotri Glacier in Uttarakhand.
2. Convergence:
- The confluence of Alaknanda and Bhagirathi takes place at a place called Devprayag in Uttarakhand.
- Devprayag is a holy town and is considered one of the Panch Prayag (five confluences) of the Alaknanda River.
- The merging of the two rivers is a significant event and marks the beginning of the river Ganga.
3. Importance of Devprayag:
- Devprayag is of great religious and cultural significance. It is believed to be the place where Lord Rama performed penance after defeating the demon king Ravana.
- The town is also known for the Raghunath Ji Temple, which is dedicated to Lord Rama.
4. Further course of the Ganga:
- After the convergence at Devprayag, the river Ganga continues its journey through the plains of North India.
- It passes through several major cities, including Haridwar, Varanasi, and Kolkata, before finally emptying into the Bay of Bengal.
Therefore, the correct answer is (D) Devprayag.

Answer:
The Brahmaputra (Tsangpo) river rises in Tibet.
Explanation:
The Brahmaputra river, also known as the Tsangpo river, originates in Tibet. Here is a detailed explanation:
- The Brahmaputra river is one of the major rivers in Asia, flowing through multiple countries including India, China, and Bangladesh.
- The river originates in the Angsi Glacier, located in the southwestern part of Tibet, China.
- The glacier is situated in the northern slopes of the Himalayas, near the Mansarovar Lake.
- The river then flows eastward through Tibet, forming the Yarlung Tsangpo Grand Canyon, which is one of the deepest canyons in the world.
- After crossing the eastern edge of the Himalayas, the river enters India, where it is known as the Brahmaputra.
- In India, the river flows through the northeastern states of Arunachal Pradesh and Assam.
- Finally, the Brahmaputra merges with the Ganges river in Bangladesh, forming the world's largest delta, known as the Sunderbans.
To summarize, the Brahmaputra river rises in Tibet and flows through multiple countries before merging with the Ganges river in Bangladesh.

Explanation:
The southern tributary of the Ganga is the Son River. Here is the detailed explanation:
- The Ganga is a major river in India and one of the longest rivers in the world.
- It originates in the Gangotri Glacier in the state of Uttarakhand and flows through the northern plains of India, passing through states such as Uttar Pradesh, Bihar, and West Bengal.
- The Ganga is known as a sacred river in Hinduism and is worshipped by millions of people in India.
- It has several tributaries that join it along its course.
- One of the southern tributaries of the Ganga is the Son River.
- The Son River is a major river in central India and is the largest southern tributary of the Ganga.
- It originates in the state of Madhya Pradesh and flows through the states of Chhattisgarh, Jharkhand, and Bihar before joining the Ganga near Patna.
- The Son River is known for its scenic beauty and is an important source of water for irrigation and hydroelectric power generation in the region.
Therefore, the correct answer is option B: Son.

In the middle and the lower course ,these river are formed meanders,oxbow lakes and many other depositional features in their floodplains. they also have well-developed delta. this answer is correct bro

Not a tributary of Godavari:

• Puma


• Wardha


• Wainganga


• Lohit (Correct Answer)

Explanation:

The Godavari river is one of the longest rivers in India and it has several tributaries. However, Lohit is not one of them. The other three options - Puma, Wardha, and Wainganga - are all tributaries of the Godavari river. Therefore, the correct answer is option D, Lohit.

Explanation:

The River Ganga, also known as the Ganges, is a major river in northern India. It is formed by the confluence of several rivers, known as its tributaries. The Yamuna, Ghaghra, and Kosi are some of its important tributaries. However, the Beas is not a tributary of the River Ganga.

Reason:

• The Beas is a river in northern India, but it does not flow into the Ganga.


• The Yamuna, Ghaghra, and Kosi are all tributaries of the Ganga and contribute to its flow.


• The Beas, on the other hand, is a tributary of the River Sutlej, which eventually joins the Indus River.

Conclusion:

Therefore, the correct answer is option B: Beas.

Origin of River Indus:
The river Indus originates in Tibet.
Explanation:
The river Indus, one of the longest rivers in Asia, originates in Tibet and flows through India and Pakistan before emptying into the Arabian Sea. Here is a breakdown of the key points:
- The river Indus starts its journey in the Tibetan Plateau in the vicinity of Lake Mansarovar.
- It flows in a northwestern direction through the Himalayas.
- After entering India, it passes through the states of Jammu and Kashmir and Himachal Pradesh.
- The river then enters Pakistan, where it is considered a lifeline for the country's agriculture and economy.
- In Pakistan, it flows through the provinces of Punjab and Sindh, before finally reaching the Arabian Sea near the city of Karachi.
Conclusion:
The river Indus originates in Tibet and is a vital water source for both India and Pakistan.

Answer:

Introduction:

Sivasamudram is the second biggest waterfall in India. This question asks about the river that creates this magnificent waterfall.

Answer:

The correct answer is Kaveri.

Explanation:

The Sivasamudram waterfall is formed by the river Kaveri. Here are some key points about the Kaveri river and Sivasamudram waterfall:
- Kaveri river:
- The Kaveri river is one of the major rivers in India and is considered sacred by Hindus.
- It is also known as the "Ganga of the South" and is a lifeline for the southern states of Karnataka and Tamil Nadu.
- The river originates from the Brahmagiri hills of the Western Ghats in Karnataka and flows through Tamil Nadu before emptying into the Bay of Bengal.
- The Kaveri river is known for its cultural and historical significance, and it supports agriculture and irrigation in the region.
- Sivasamudram waterfall:
- The Sivasamudram waterfall is located on the Kaveri river near the town of Sivasamudram in Karnataka.
- It is a segmented waterfall, meaning that the water falls in multiple streams, creating a stunning visual display.
- The waterfall is divided into two sections - Gaganachukki and Barachukki. Gaganachukki is the more popular and larger section.
- Sivasamudram waterfall is a popular tourist attraction and is known for its natural beauty and scenic surroundings.
Overall, the Sivasamudram waterfall is formed by the Kaveri river, making it a significant natural wonder in India.

Explanation:

The river that flows towards the west in a rift valley is the Narmada River.

Reasoning:

The Narmada River is a major river in central India and flows through the states of Madhya Pradesh, Maharashtra, and Gujarat. It originates from the Amarkantak Plateau in Madhya Pradesh and flows westward through a rift valley known as the Narmada Valley. The river then empties into the Arabian Sea near the city of Bharuch in Gujarat. The Narmada River is one of the few rivers in India that flow from east to west.

Key Points:

• The Narmada River flows westward in a rift valley.


• It originates from the Amarkantak Plateau in Madhya Pradesh.


• The river passes through the states of Madhya Pradesh, Maharashtra, and Gujarat.


• It empties into the Arabian Sea near Bharuch in Gujarat.

Conclusion:

The Narmada River is the river that flows towards the west in a rift valley.

The west flowing rivers do not make delta, but estuaries. Many west flowing rivers like Narmada, Tapti, Periar etc passes through rift vallies. This river contains very few amounts of Slits and due to its fast speed it cannot make delta.

Drainage Basin
- A drainage basin is an area of land where all the water drains into a single river system.
- It is also known as a river basin, catchment area, or watershed.
- The boundaries of a drainage basin are defined by the topography of the landscape, with higher elevations forming the divide between different basins.
- When it rains or when snow melts, the water collects in streams and rivers, eventually flowing into the main river of the basin.
- The size of a drainage basin can vary greatly, from small basins that cover a few square kilometers to large basins that span several countries.
- The water in a drainage basin is crucial for supporting ecosystems, providing water for drinking, agriculture, and industry, and influencing the overall hydrological cycle.
- The concept of a drainage basin helps in understanding the movement and management of water resources in a specific area.
Water Divide
- A water divide, also known as a watershed divide or a divide line, is a ridge or elevated area that separates one drainage basin from another.
- It marks the boundary between different river systems and determines the direction in which water flows.
- Water that falls on one side of the divide flows into rivers that eventually drain into one particular ocean or sea.
- Water on the other side of the divide flows into rivers that drain into a different ocean or sea.
- The water divide plays a crucial role in determining the boundaries of drainage basins and the overall flow of water across a landscape.
Drainage
- Drainage refers to the process of water flowing or being drained away from an area.
- It can occur naturally through rivers, streams, and groundwater systems, or it can be managed through artificial drainage systems such as ditches and drains.
- Drainage is important for preventing waterlogging, controlling floods, and ensuring the proper functioning of infrastructure and agricultural activities.
Doab
- A doab is a term used in the Indian subcontinent to describe the area of land between two rivers.
- It is formed by the sediment deposited by the rivers over time, creating fertile agricultural land.
- Doabs are typically characterized by their rich soil and are often densely populated and intensively cultivated.
- While a doab is related to the concept of a river system, it does not specifically refer to an area drained by a single river system.

Answer:

The longest river of peninsular India is the Godavari River.

Explanation:

The Godavari River is a major river in peninsular India and is often referred to as the Dakshina Ganga, meaning the South Ganges. It originates in the Western Ghats in the state of Maharashtra and flows eastwards across central India before emptying into the Bay of Bengal.

Here are some key points about the Godavari River:

• Length: The Godavari River is approximately 1,465 kilometers (910 miles) long, making it the longest river in peninsular India.


• Course: It flows through the states of Maharashtra, Telangana, Andhra Pradesh, and Odisha.


• Tributaries: The Godavari River has several major tributaries, including the Pranhita, Indravati, Manjira, and Sabari rivers.


• Importance: The Godavari River plays a vital role in the irrigation and agriculture of the regions it flows through. It also has religious and cultural significance, with several temples and pilgrimage sites located along its banks.

So, the correct answer is B: Godavari.

The Brahmaputra goes by a number of names during its journey to the sea. It begins as the Yarlung Tsangpo in southwestern Tibet and becomes the Dihang in China, then the Brahmaputra in India and finally the Jamuna in Bangladesh.

Drainage Patterns on Strongly Jointed Rocky Terrain

The drainage pattern refers to the arrangement of streams and rivers in a particular area. It is influenced by various factors such as topography, geology, and climate. In the case of a strongly jointed rocky terrain, the drainage pattern is typically rectangular.

Explanation:

When a terrain is characterized by strong jointing or fracturing of rocks, it results in the formation of rectangular drainage patterns. These patterns are characterized by streams and rivers that flow in a rectangular or right-angled pattern. The joints or fractures in the rock formation create straight lines along which water tends to flow, giving rise to rectangular drainage patterns.

The key features of a rectangular drainage pattern on a strongly jointed rocky terrain are:

• The streams and rivers follow straight courses.


• The streams intersect each other at right angles.


• The drainage pattern is characterized by elongated rectangular or square shapes.


• The streams tend to flow along the joints or fractures in the rock formation.

Other drainage patterns, such as radial, centrifugal, and trellis, are not typically associated with strongly jointed rocky terrains. Radial drainage patterns are formed when streams flow outward from a central point, often found in volcanic areas. Centrifugal drainage patterns occur when streams flow away from a central high point, such as a dome or an anticline. Trellis drainage patterns are characterized by parallel main streams with short tributaries joining them at right angles, often found in folded mountain regions.

In conclusion, the correct drainage pattern that develops on a strongly jointed rocky terrain is rectangular.

Answer:
The tributary of Ganga that originates from the peninsular uplands is the Son River. Here is a detailed explanation:
Tributaries of Ganga:
- Gandak: The Gandak River is a tributary of the Ganga that flows through Nepal and Bihar. It originates in the highlands of Nepal and joins the Ganga near Patna.
- Kosi: The Kosi River is also a tributary of the Ganga that originates in Nepal. It is known as the "Sorrow of Bihar" due to its frequent floods. It joins the Ganga near Bhagalpur.
- Ghaghara: The Ghaghara River, also known as the Karnali River, is one of the major tributaries of the Ganga. It originates in the Himalayas of Nepal and flows through Uttar Pradesh and Bihar before joining the Ganga.
- Son: The Son River is the tributary of the Ganga that originates from the peninsular uplands. It rises in the Amarkantak plateau in Madhya Pradesh and flows through Uttar Pradesh, Jharkhand, and Bihar before joining the Ganga near Patna.
Therefore, among the given options, the Son River is the tributary of the Ganga that comes from the peninsular uplands.

Statement: Which one of the following statements about the river Narmada is not true?
Options:
A: It flows through a rift valley
B: It flows through a gorge near Jabalpur
C: It plunges over steep rocks at the Dhuadhar falls
D: Its tributaries are Tungabhadra and Musi
Answer: D
Explanation:
The correct statement about the river Narmada is that its tributaries are not Tungabhadra and Musi. The other three statements are true.
- Statement A: It flows through a rift valley. This is true. The Narmada River flows through the Narmada Rift Valley, which is a geological fault line.
- Statement B: It flows through a gorge near Jabalpur. This is true. The Narmada River passes through the Marble Rocks near Jabalpur, which is a famous tourist attraction.
- Statement C: It plunges over steep rocks at the Dhuadhar falls. This is true. The Dhuadhar Falls is a waterfall on the Narmada River where it plunges over steep rocks, creating a spectacular sight.
Therefore, the statement that is not true is D: Its tributaries are Tungabhadra and Musi. The correct tributaries of the Narmada River are the Tawa, the Ganjal, and the Hiran.

Answer:
The city located at the confluence of Ganga and Yamuna rivers is Allahabad.
Explanation:
The confluence of two rivers refers to the point where they meet or merge together. In this case, the Ganga and Yamuna rivers meet at a city in India.
Key Points:
- The confluence of Ganga and Yamuna rivers is known as Sangam.
- The city of Allahabad, also known as Prayagraj, is located at the confluence of these two rivers.
- Allahabad is situated in the northern state of Uttar Pradesh.
- The confluence of Ganga and Yamuna rivers is considered a sacred site in Hinduism and is a popular pilgrimage destination.
- The Kumbh Mela, a major Hindu festival, is held at the Sangam in Allahabad every 12 years.
Conclusion:
The city located at the confluence of Ganga and Yamuna rivers is Allahabad (Prayagraj). It is a significant cultural and religious center in India.

Answer:
The River Mahanadi rises from the state of Chhattisgarh.
Explanation:
- The River Mahanadi is one of the major rivers in India.
- It originates from the Dhamtari district in the state of Chhattisgarh.
- The river then flows through the states of Chhattisgarh, Odisha, and finally drains into the Bay of Bengal.
- Chhattisgarh is located in central India and is known for its rich natural resources and diverse wildlife.
- The Mahanadi river basin is an important agricultural region and provides irrigation water to several states.
- The river is also a source of hydroelectric power and supports various industries along its course.
- Overall, the River Mahanadi plays a crucial role in the economy and ecology of the region.

Talakaveri is situated in the Kodagu District in Karnataka and the river usually runs in a southeastern itinerary across the states of Karnataka and Tamil Nadu. The river flows over the southern Deccan terrains across the plains in the southeast and pours into the Bay of Bengal through two major outlets.

Answer:
The correct answer is A: Rajasthan.
Sambhar Lake is situated in the state of Rajasthan.
Explanation:
Sambhar Lake, also known as Sambhar Salt Lake, is the largest inland saltwater lake in India. It is located in the state of Rajasthan. Here are some key points about Sambhar Lake:
- Location: Sambhar Lake is situated in the Thar Desert region of Rajasthan.
- Size: It spans an area of about 190 to 230 square kilometers, depending on the season.
- Salt Production: The lake is a major source of salt production in India. Salt is extracted from the lake by evaporating the water.
- Wildlife: The lake and its surrounding wetlands are home to a variety of bird species, including flamingos, pelicans, and migratory birds.
- Tourism: Sambhar Lake attracts tourists who are interested in bird watching, photography, and experiencing the unique salt pans.
- Cultural Significance: The lake has cultural and historical significance in the region, with several temples and shrines located on its shores.
In conclusion, Sambhar Lake is situated in the state of Rajasthan.