Three identical pipes of length L, diameter D and friction factor f, are connected in parallel between two reservoirs. The size of a pipe of length L and of same friction factor f, equivalent to the above pipes, is
Equivalent pipe for the pipes in parallel:
or
or De = 1.5518 D
A pipe of diameter D is to be replaced by n pipe each of diameter of laid in parallel. The value of d is given by
or D5 = n2d5
or D = n2/5 D
∴ d = (D/n2/5)
At a sudden expansion in a horizontal pipe
In a pipeline, the H.G.L is above the pipe center line in the longitudinal section at point A and below the pipe center line at another point B.
From this it can be inferred that
In network of pipes
Consider the following statements:
1. Pipe network analysis is normally necessary in analyzing flow in pipes at city water systems,
2. Hardy-cross method of solving pipe network is a method of successive approximations and is not a direct method.
3. The network must satisfy the momentum equation because the flow in each pipe satisfies the head loss equation.
4. Principle of continuity is satisfied in a pipe network..
Select the correct statments:
The diameter of the nozzle (d) for maximum transmission of power is given by
Where
D = Diameter of pipe
f = Darcy’s friction factor
l = Length of pipe
For maximum power transmission through nozzle:
Nozzle diameter
A = area of supply pipe
a = area of Nozzle
Maximum efficiency of transmission of power through a pipe is
Efficiency of power transmission is given by
For maximum efficiency
We get
Power transmitted through a pipe is maximum when
Where
H = total head supplied
HL = head loss due to friction
For maximum power transmission
Power transmitted through a pipe is given by
where
w = specific weight of the fluid flowing through pipe
Q = discharge, m3/s
Power transmitted through a pipe (When HL is frictional head)
P = wQ(H - HL)
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