General Awareness Test- 5 - CAT MCQ

Pareto Optimality-

• It is an economic state where resources cannot be reallocated to make one individual better off without making at least one individual worse off.

• It implies that resources are allocated in the most economically efficient manner.

• The concept of Pareto optimality avoids an interpersonal comparison of utility.

• So, statement 1 is correct.

• It is named after the Italian economist and political scientist Vilfredo Pareto.

• A resource allocation is said to be Pareto improved if there exists another allocation in which one person is better off, and no person is worse off.

• A resource allocation is said to be Pareto efficient if no Pareto improvement is possible.

• Pareto efficiency is related to the concept of productive efficiency.

• Productive efficiency is concerned with the optimal production of goods which occurs at the lowest point on the short-run average cost curve and occurs on a PPF.

• It does not talk about the distribution of an economy from the bottom of the social pyramid. So, statement 2 is not correct.

Hence, the correct option is (A).

• RUDRAM 1 is the first indigenous anti-radiation missile developed by India.
• RUDRAM 1 was successfully flight-tested from a Sukhoi-30 MKI jet from Wheeler ISland of the coast of Odisha.
• The range of RUDRAM 1 is 250 km.
• Rudram is an air-to-surface missile, designed and developed by the Defence Research and Development Organisation (DRDO).

Hence, the correct option is (A).

The failure of the Cripps Mission resulted in the 'Quit India Resolution'.

Gandhiji gave the slogan “Do or Die”’ in his speech.

The Quit India resolution stated the following resolutions of the movement:

• An immediate end to British rule over India.

• Declaration of the commitment of free India to defend itself against all kinds of imperialism and fascism.

• Formation of a provisional government of India after British withdrawal.

Sanctioning a civil disobedience movement against British rule.

Hence, the correct option is (D).

• Rupee depreciation badly affects importers or those who wish to visit foreign countries for holidays as they need more local currency to get the same service or product.
• When the rupee depreciates exporters from India are benefited. (Eg: Software companies, seafood exporters, etc.)
• Depreciation of the rupee benefits the overseas Indians as those who are working abroad will gain more on remitting money to their homeland.

Hence, the correct option is (D).

Pneumococcal disease

• It is caused by bacteria which can lead to infections in the lungs, blood, and brain.

• It causes health problems in children younger than 5 years of age.

• The greatest risk for infection is for children younger than 2, adults over 65, people with certain medical conditions, and cigarette smokers.

• These diseases also include pneumonia, meningitis, sepsis, blood infections, and ear infections.

Hence, the correct option is (B).

• BioAsia has announced the Genome Valley Excellence Award.
• It will be bestowed upon Dr Carl H June and Dr Vas Narasimhan for their contributions to life sciences.
• Dr Carl H June will be awarded for his work in immunotherapy.
• Dr Narasimhan has been selected for his new vision in the pharmaceutical business in digital technology and healthcare.

Hence, the correct option is (B).

• Karnam Malleswari was the first Indian woman to win a medal in the Olympics.
• She is a former weightlifter.
• Malleswari won a prestigious Bronze Medal at the Sydney 2000 Olympics.
• She received the highest sporting honour, the Rajiv Gandhi Khel Ratna award in 1995.
• In 1999 she honoured with the Padma Shri award.

Hence, the correct option is (C).

Swachh Bharat Abhiyan:

• Swachh Bharat Abhiyan is one of the most popular and significant missions in the History of India.

• This drive was introduced by the Prime Minister, Narendra Modi, and was launched on 2nd October 2014 to honour Mahatma Gandhi’s vision of a Clean country.

• It was planned to become ODF by the 150th birthday of Mahatma Gandhi.

Hence, the correct option is (D).

• Proxima Centauri Star System is closest to Earth.
• Proxima Centauri has two confirmed exoplanets: Proxima Centauri b and Proxima Centauri c.
• Sirius is the brightest star in the night sky.

Hence, the correct option is (B).

• The Indian Air Force (IAF) Chief RKS Bhadauria gifted a legacy Alouette III helicopter to Bangladesh Air Force (BAF).
• The Indian Air Force received a legacy F-86 Sabre aircraft that had been restored by BAF after the 1971 war as a return gift from Dhaka.
• This year marked the Golden Jubilee of 1971 War of Liberation defeating Pakistan.
• The exchange of aircraft took place in Dhaka during the four-day trip of Bhadauria to Bangladesh where he visited different airbases and interacted with the top military leadership of that country.
• India and Bangladesh are celebrating 50 years of the liberation war in which the Pakistan Army was thrown out of Bangladesh and 90,000 of their troops were made to surrender.
• A number of events are being organized by both countries to celebrate the 50th anniversary of the decisive war.

Hence, the correct option is (C).

• Deepika Padukone and Akshay Kumar bagged Dadasaheb Phalke Awards for 'Best Actor' on 20 February 2021.
• They won the award for their movies 'Chhapaak' and 'Laxmii', respectively.
• 'Chhapaak' is based on the life of acid attack survivor Laxmi Agarwal.
• Kiara Advani won the 'Critic's Best Actress award and Sushmita Sen won 'Best Actress-Web Series'.

Hence, the correct option is (A).

• Integrated Circuit or IC: It is an Electronic Component made up of a combination of transistors, diode, resistor, capacitors in a tiny semiconductor chip.
• Integrated Circuit Electronic Components are of small size and very lightweight.
• They produce excellent results at low power.
• Integrated circuits can be found in almost every electronic device like Computers, Television, Mobile Phones, laptops, Microwaves etc.
• One of the major applications in computing.

Hence, the correct option is (C).

• Golden Quadrilateral is a high-density traffic corridor that connects four big metro cities of India i.e. Delhi-Mumbai-Chennai-Kolkata.
• It is designated as one of the longest highways in the world.
• It was former Prime Minister Atal Bihari Vajpayee's first dream project and is enshrined as the biggest infrastructure intervention in the roadways sector in post-Independent India.
• North-South and East-West Corridors:
• The North-South corridor aims at connecting Srinagar in Jammu and Kashmir with Kanyakumari in Tamil Nadu.
• The East-West corridor has been planned to connect Silchar in Assam with the port town of Porbandar in Gujarat with 3,640-km of road length.
• From the above, it is clear that four major cities are connected by Golden Quadrilateral i.e. Delhi-Mumbai-Chennai-Kolkata.

Hence, the correct option is (C).

First Schedule:

It deals with:

• Names of the States and their territorial jurisdiction.

• Names of the Union Territories and their extent.

• It covers articles 1-4.

• Articles 1 to 4 under Part-I of the Constitution deal with the Union and its territory.

Hence, the correct option is (A).

• Recently United States officially designated developing and least-developed countries for the purposes of implementing the countervailing measures provided by the Agreement on Subsidies and Countervailing Measures (ASCM) of the World Trade Organisation (WTO).
• According to the ASCM, developing countries are allowed to grant higher levels of subsidies as compared to the developed countries before countervailing duties (CVD) can be imposed.
• United States Trade Representative (USTR) releases the the Special 301 Report which identifies trading partners that do not adequately or effectively protect and enforce intellectual property (IP) rights.

Hence, the correct option is (B).

The Preamble of the Indian Constitution is based on the objective resolution drafted and moved by Jawaharlal Nehru and adopted by the constituent assembly.

The Preamble reveals 4 ingredients of the components-

• Source of the authority of the Constitution: The Preamble states that the Constitution derives its authority from the people of India.

• Nature of Indian State: It declares India to be of a sovereign, socialist, secular democratic, and republican polity.

• Objectives of the Constitution: It specifies justice, liberty, equality, and fraternity as the objectives.

• Date of adoption of the Constitution: It stipulates November 26, 1949, as the date.

The word socialism is added by the 42nd amendment in 1976 in the Preamble of the Indian Constitution. So, Statement 2 is correct.

• The constitution has socialist nature in the form of the directive principle of State Policy (DPSP).

• The Congress party adopted a resolution to establish a socialist pattern of society in its Avadi session in 1955. So, Statement 1 is correct.

• However, the Indian brand of socialism is democratic socialism and not communist socialism.

• Democratic socialism holds faith in a mixed economy where both the public and private sectors coexist side by side.

• Democratic socialism aims to end poverty, ignorance, disease, and inequality of opportunity.

• Indian socialism is a blend of Marxism and Gandhism leaning heavily towards Gandhian socialism.

• The new economic policy of liberalization, privatization, and globalization in 1991 however diluted the socialist credentials of the Indian state to an extent.

Hence, the correct option is (A).

• The constituent assembly was set up on 6th December 1946.
• The constitution of India was officially framed by the constituent assembly.
• The Indian National Congress made the demand for a constituent assembly in 1934.
• ​ It was constituted under the provision of the cabinet mission plan 1946.
• The first official meeting of the constituent assembly was held on 9th December 1946.
• The first meeting was conducted with 207 members including 9 women.

Hence, the correct option is (B).

• The Godavari River rises from Trimbakeshwar in the Nashik district of Maharashtra.
• It is the oldest River in India.
• It is also known as the Ganga of South India.
• It is the second-longest river in India.
• Dams on the Godavari river are - Polavaram Dam (Andhra Pradesh), Pochampad Dam (Telangana).
• Hence, the correct option is (C).

• References of Mohiniyattam can be found in the texts Vyavaharamala written in 1709 by Mazhamagalam Narayanan Namputiri and in Ghoshayatra, written later by poet Kunjan Nambiar.
• It has elements of Bharatanatyam (grace & elegance) and Kathakali (vigor) but is more erotic, lyrical, and delicate.
• Mohiniyattam is characterized by graceful, swaying body movements with no abrupt jerks or sudden leaps.
• It belongs to the lasya style which is feminine, tender, and graceful.
• The movements are emphasized by the glides and the up and down movement on toes, like the waves of the sea and the swaying of the coconut, palm trees, and paddy fields.
• Realistic make-up and simple dressing (in Kasavu saree of Kerala) are used.

Hence, the correct option is (C).

The Union and its Territories:

Article 1 describes India, i.e. Bharat, as a Union of States.

According to Article 1, the Territory of India can be classified into three categories:

• Territories of the States.

• Union Territories.

• Territories that may be acquired by the Government of India at any time.

At present, there are 28 states and 8 Union territories in the country.

Article 2 empowers the Parliament to admit into the Union of India, or establish new states on such terms and conditions as it thinks fit.

Hence, the correct option is (A).