General Knowledge Mock Test - 10 - CDS MCQ

The chemical symbol for gold is (b) Au. Chemical symbols are used to represent elements, and "Au" is the symbol for gold on the periodic table.

The Noble Gases are located in Group 0 (or Group 18 in some versions) of the periodic table.

• Acid rain is caused by a chemical reaction that begins when compounds like sulfur dioxide and nitrogen oxides are discharged into the air.
• These substances can rise very high into the atmosphere, where they mix and react with water, oxygen, and other chemicals to form more acidic pollutants, known as acid rain.
• Human activities are the main cause of acid rain.
• Over the past few decades, humans have released so many different chemicals into the air that they have changed the mix of gases in the atmosphere.
• Power plants release the majority of sulfur dioxide and much of the nitrogen oxides when they burn fossil fuels, such as coal, to produce electricity.
• Besides, the exhausts from cars, trucks, and buses release nitrogen oxides and sulfur dioxide into the air. These pollutants cause acid rain.

The number of unpaired electrons is determined by the electron configuration of an atom, specifically the number of electrons in the outermost orbitals (also known as valence electrons). In the periodic table, elements are arranged in order of increasing atomic number. The atomic number corresponds to the number of protons in an atom and, in a neutral atom, also the number of electrons.

Without further information on what elements X, Y, Z, and W represent, it's impossible to provide a specific explanation. However, if we assume that the numbers before each letter represent the atomic number of the elements, then 7Y would represent Nitrogen, which has 5 electrons in its outer shell, 3 of which are unpaired. This is more than elements with atomic numbers 6, 9, and 13 (Carbon, Fluorine, and Aluminum, respectively), which have fewer unpaired electrons in their outer shells.

Therefore, if the numbers before each letter represent the atomic numbers of the elements, then 7Y (Nitrogen) would have the maximum number of unpaired electrons.

The correct electronic configuration of sodium is 2,8,1 (option A).

This means that sodium has 11 electrons. The first energy level can hold a maximum of 2 electrons, the second energy level can hold a maximum of 8 electrons, and the third energy level can hold a maximum of 8 electrons as well.

Therefore, the electronic configuration of sodium is 2 electrons in the first energy level (written as 2), 8 electrons in the second energy level (written as 8), and 1 electron in the third energy level (written as 1).

A reducing agent is the substance that is oxidized in a redox reaction.

Mercury is used in thermometers because it has a low melting point of -38.83°C (-37.89°F). This allows it to expand and contract easily with temperature changes, making it suitable for measuring temperature accurately.

According to Newton's law of universal gravitation, every object with mass exerts an attractive force on every other object with mass. This gravitational force is always attractive, regardless of the distance between the objects. It decreases with distance, becoming weaker as the distance between the objects increases, but it is still attractive at all distances.

A hydraulic lift works based on Pascal's principle, which states that when pressure is applied to a fluid in a confined space, the pressure is transmitted equally in all directions.

Intensity of any sound at any point in space is the amount of energy passing normally per unit area held around that point per unit time. S.I unit of intensity is watt/m². Therefore option C is correct

Solar energy is an example of a renewable resource. Renewable resources are those that can be naturally replenished or regenerated over time, such as solar energy, wind energy, and hydropower. They are considered sustainable alternatives to nonrenewable resources like fossil fuels, which are finite and take millions of years to form.

Beaver is an example of a keystone species. Keystone species are those that have a disproportionately large impact on their ecosystem relative to their abundance. Their presence or absence can significantly affect the structure and functioning of the ecosystem. In the case of beavers, their dam-building activities create wetland habitats that benefit a wide range of other species and can even alter the flow of rivers.

The secretions from the gonadal glands (testes in males and ovaries in females) differ between males and females. These glands produce hormones such as testosterone in males and estrogen and progesterone in females, which play crucial roles in the development and functioning of the male and female reproductive systems, leading to the development of secondary sexual characteristics and regulating reproductive processes.

The Wright brothers, Orville and Wilbur Wright, are known for inventing and building the world's first successful airplane. On December 17, 1903, they achieved the first controlled, sustained flight of a powered aircraft in Kitty Hawk, North Carolina.

The purpose of an oscilloscope is (c) displaying electrical waveforms. An oscilloscope is an electronic instrument used to visualize and analyze the shape, frequency, and amplitude of electrical signals. It displays waveforms in a graphical representation, allowing users to observe and measure various characteristics of electrical signals.

Charles's law states that at constant pressure, the volume of a gas is directly proportional to its temperature.

The process of burning hydrocarbons in the presence of oxygen to produce carbon dioxide and water is called combustion. It is a chemical reaction that releases energy in the form of heat and light.

Electronegativity is not an absolute term of the element because it does not refer to a single, independent property of an atom itself, but rather a comparative measure of how strongly an atom in a molecule attracts shared electrons towards itself. It is a relative value, often measured on the Pauling scale, and varies depending on the environment the atom is in and the other atoms it is interacting with. Thus, it is not an inherent, absolute property of the atom in the same way that ionization energy, electron affinity, or atomic size are.

Climate is the term used to describe the long-term average weather conditions in a specific area. It includes factors such as temperature, precipitation, humidity, wind patterns, and other atmospheric conditions. Climate is determined by various factors, including latitude, altitude, proximity to water bodies, and prevailing air masses.

The main process that returns water to the atmosphere in the water cycle is evaporation. The water cycle, also known as the hydrological cycle, involves the continuous movement of water between the atmosphere, land, and oceans. It includes processes such as evaporation, condensation, precipitation, and runoff. Evaporation occurs when water changes from a liquid state to a gaseous state, rising into the atmosphere where it can later condense and form clouds before precipitating back to the Earth's surface. The water cycle plays a crucial role in regulating Earth's climate by distributing heat and moisture around the planet.

The term erythrocytes is another name for red blood cells (RBCs). Therefore, the correct answer is option a) Red blood cells. Erythrocytes are the most abundant type of blood cell and are responsible for transporting oxygen throughout the body. White blood cells (leukocytes) and platelets (thrombocytes) are distinct types of cells with different functions in the bloodstream.

It is difficult to develop an effective malaria vaccine because repeated natural infection does not produce detectable resistance to the exo-erythrocytic cycle of malaria in man.

• Malaria is typically transmitted through the bite of an infected Anopheles mosquito.
• Infected mosquitoes carry the Plasmodium parasite.
• When this mosquito bites, the parasite is released into the bloodstream.
• Different species of Plasmodium (P. vivax, P. malaria, and P. falciparum) are responsible for different types of malaria.
• Of these, malignant malaria caused by Plasmodium falciparum is the most serious one and can even be fatal.

The citizens of India are responsible for promoting harmony and the spirit of common brotherhood among all people.

The 74th Amendment Act recognizes Nagar Palika, Nagar Nigam, and Nagar Panchayat as three types of Municipalities.