Level 3 Test: Plant Kingdom - NEET MCQ

The male reproductive structure in Fucus is called antheridiophores which are branched, tree-like structures that line the conceptacles. They have terminal inflated antheridia on their branches and undergo meiosis. They have 64-128 biflagellate male gametes.

Most botanists consider bryophytes (liverworts, hornworts, and mosses) and basal pteridophytes to be the oldest living remnants of the eukaryotic plants that colonized the land and which contains archegonia.

hydrophytes do not show transpiration, because they are submerged in water.

Fungi are achlorophyllous heyerotrophic, organism which do not prepare their own food. Fungi also do not show the process of transpiration

Algae do not have leaves and stomatal pores. So, they also do not show transpiration.

Identifying the above member of Bryophyta:
The above member of Bryophyta can be identified as Heterogametes.
Explanation:
- Bryophyta is a division of non-vascular plants that includes mosses, liverworts, and hornworts.
- Heterogametes refer to the male and female gametes that differ in size and structure.
- In bryophytes, including mosses, the male gametes (sperm) are typically smaller and non-flagellated, while the female gametes (eggs) are larger and contained within structures called archegonia.
- This difference in size and structure between the male and female gametes is known as oogamy.
- Oogamy is a type of sexual reproduction where a smaller, motile male gamete fertilizes a larger, non-motile female gamete.
- Therefore, the above member of Bryophyta can be identified as Heterogametes, specifically referring to the non-flagellated male gametes and the presence of oogamy in the reproductive process.
Answer: a. Heterogametes

Carpogonium occurs in Batrachospermum.

Vegetative reproduction takes place by fragmentation. First propagules are developed, and then after detachment, new plants are formed.

Asexual reproduction takes place by biflagellate pear-shaped zoospores.

Sexual reproduction ranges from isogamy to oogamy through anisogamy. Gametes al bears 2 laterally attached flagella.

In most of the members, fertilization is external.

So, the correct answer is " none of these".

Nucleus is a double membrane-covered protoplasmic body that contains hereditary information. With the help of grafting experiments on Acetabularia, Hammerling (1953) proved that nucleus is a store-house of hereditary information and hence, controls growth because growth depends on proteins synthesized and protein synthesis depends on the hereditary information.

Thermal algae survive at Hot spring at 70^oC.

In homosporous pteridophytes gametophyte is monoecious.

Algae, bryophyte and pteridophyte are cryptogams, but out of them algae, and bryophytes are lower cryptogams and do not possess vascular tissue (xylem and phloem), whereas in pteridophytes, vascular tissue system is well developed and so these are higher cryptogams or vascular cryptogams.