MCQ: Emotional Intelligence - SSC CGL MCQ

Emotion intelligence

• Emotional intelligence is known as emotional quotient or EQ.
• It is the ability to understand, use, and manage own emotions in positive ways to relieve stress, communicate effectively, empathize with others, overcome challenges, and defuse conflict.
• Emotional intelligence helps to build stronger relationships, succeed at school and work, and achieve career and personal goals.
• It also helps to connect with own feelings, turn intention into action, and make informed decisions about what matters most.

Key Points

Emotional intelligence is commonly defined by four attributes:

• Self-management – When one is able to control impulsive feelings and behaviors, manage emotions in healthy ways.
• Self-awareness – When one is able to recognize their own emotions and how they affect their thoughts and behavior.
• Social awareness – When one has and use empathy. So, they understand the emotions, needs, and concerns of other people.
• Relationship management –When one is able to develop and maintain good relationships, communicate clearly, inspire, and influence others.

Emotional intelligence affects:

• performance at school or work
• physical health
• mental health
• relationships
• social intelligence

The link between emotional intelligence and problem-solving ability :

• It has been researched that there is a close association between emotion and cognition.
• Also, The hallmarks of emotionally intelligent Children are empathy, social skills, adaptability, problem-solving skills, flexibility, and assertiveness.
• Problem-solving consists of using generic or specific methods in an orderly manner to find solutions to problems.
• Problem-solving includes the ability to understand how emotions affect decision-making.
• This trait is much more about one's ability to solve a problem and not let it affect them.
• Importantly it includes the ability to work through the problem in a calm and undressed manner.

​So, emotional intelligence implies the capacity to integrate and manage emotion.

Conclusion:

• Emotionally intelligent children are found to be good in problem-solving because emotional intelligence implies the capacity to integrate and manage emotion. Hence, we can conclude that both assertion and reason are correct. Also, the reason is the correct explanation of the assertion.

Emotional intelligence means being aware that emotions can drive our behaviour and impact people (positively and negatively), and learning how to manage those emotions – both our own and others. Emotional intelligence is that ability you have that allows you to be smart about your feelings and emotions. Those who are emotionally intelligent are also smart when it comes to sensing the feelings and emotions of others.

Key Points

The term emotional intelligence was created by two researchers Peter Salovey and John Mayer in their article "Emotional Intelligence" in the journal Imagination, Cognition, and Personality in 1990. It was later popularized by Daniel Goleman in his 1995  book Emotional Intelligence.

• Peter Salovey and John D. Mayer coined the term ‘Emotional Intelligence’ in 1990 describing it as “a form of social intelligence that involves the ability to monitor one’s own and other’s feelings and emotions, to discriminate among them, and to use this information to guide one’s thinking and action”.
• In the 1990s Daniel Goleman became aware of Salovey and Mayer’s work, and this eventually led to his book, Emotional Intelligence.
• Goleman was a science writer for the New York Times, specializing in brain and behaviour research. He trained as a psychologist at Harvard where he worked with David McClelland, among others. McClelland was among a growing group of researchers who were becoming concerned with how little traditional tests of cognitive intelligence told us about what it takes to be successful in life.
• When Goleman’s book, “Emotional Intelligence” was published in 1995, the book made the cover of the Times Magazine. 
• In his book Working With Emotional Intelligence, Daniel Goleman cites the Harvard Business School research that determined that EQ counts for twice as much as IQ and technical skills combined in determining who will be successful
• Goleman defines it as “the ability to identify, assess and control one's own emotions, the emotion of others and that of groups.”.
• Goleman developed a performance-based model of EQ to assess employee levels of emotional intelligence, as well as to identify areas of improvement.

Thus from the above-mentioned points, it is clear that the name Gol Man is known for emotional intelligence. 

The word "emotion" is being derived from the Latin word "emovere" which means to "stir up" or "to excite". Emotions can be understood as the excited state of our mind and body that shows itself in our overt behavior.

• It is a complex affective experience that involves diffuse physiological changes and can be expressed in behavioral patterns.

The importance of emotional intelligence has been realized in various domains since it became popular after Daniel Goleman published his seminal book ‘Emotional Intelligence’ in 1995. It has been recognized that emotional intelligence is absolutely essential for good decision making, sustaining motivation, taking purposive action, and to strive for excellence in various areas of life.

• Emotional intelligence is the ability to perceive emotions, to access and generate emotions so as to assist thought, to understand emotions and emotional knowledge, and to reflectively regulate emotions so as to promote emotional and intellectual growth.

Key Points

• ​ Goleman’s initial model (Goleman, 1998) consisted of five dimensions of emotional intelligence categorized broadly into personal competencies that relate to recognizing and managing emotions in self; and social competencies that have to do with recognizing and managing emotions in others.
• According to Goleman Managing emotions include:
  • Handling feelings so they are appropriate is an ability that builds self-awareness.
  • Having the capacity to soothe oneself,
  • Shake off rampant anxiety,
  • Gloom or irritability is critical to recovery from life’s setbacks and upsets.

Thus, it is concluded that According to Goleman, "Management of Emotions" component of Emotional intelligence includes Handling feelings so that they are appropriate,  Ability to soothe oneself. and Ability to shake off rampant anxiety, gloom, or irritability. 

Emotion is a mental state associated with fear, anger, love, etc while emotional intelligence refers to the capability of an individual to recognize, control and manage one's own emotions and the emotions of others as well.

Key Points

• It also involves your perception of others when you understand how they feel, this allows you to manage relationships more effectively.
• An individual with high EQ is able to communicate better, lessen their anxiety and stress, resolve conflicts, improve relationships, empathize with others, and overcome life's challenges.

Elements of emotional intelligence:

• Empathy
• Social skills
• Self-confidence
• Self-motivation
• Conscientiousness
• Handling relationships
• Motivation and adaptability
• Self-regulation/Awareness

Hence, it could be concluded that Emotional intelligence is characterized by better interpersonal relationships.

The notion of emotional intelligence broadens the concept of intelligence beyond the intellectual sphere/domain and considers that intelligence includes emotions. Emotional intelligence is a set of skills that underlie accurate appraisal, expression, and regulation of emotions. It is the feeling side of intelligence. A good IQ and scholastic record are not enough to be successful in life.

The model of emotional competence was given by Goleman (1995). It focuses on behaviors that lead to performance. This model conceptualizes emotional intelligence as a large range of dispositions and competences ranging from individual traits to learned abilities. Goleman has categorized these competencies into five categories. 
These categories are:

Emotional intelligence:

• The notion of emotional intelligence broadens the concept of intelligence beyond the intellectual sphere/domain and considers that intelligence includes emotions. 
• Emotional intelligence is a set of skills that underlie accurate appraisal, expression, and regulation of emotions. It is the feeling side of intelligence.
• Emotional intelligence is often described as the capacity to be aware of, control, and express one’s emotions, and to handle interpersonal relationships empathetically.
• It is generally said to include skills like emotional awareness, the ability to make productive use of emotions by applying them in thinking and problem-solving tasks, and the ability to manage and regulate emotions.
• In simpler terms, emotional intelligence refers to the capability of individuals to recognize their own emotions and those of others, discern between different feelings and label them appropriately, use emotional information to guide thinking and behaviour, and manage and/or adjust emotions to adapt to environments or achieve one’s goal(s). 

Hence, The statement that describes the nature and characteristics of the Emotional Intelligence of a person are:

• Ability to handle fear and anxiety
• Ability to promote the feeling of satisfaction
• Ability to see others point of view

Adolescence

• Among humans, adolescence is a complex, multi-system transitional process involving progression from the immaturity and social dependency of childhood into adult life with the goal and expectation of fulfilled developmental potential, personal agency, and social accountability,
• In simple terms, adolescence is the phase between childhood and adulthood.
• It starts with puberty ( sexually mature) and ends when somatic growth is completed and is psychologically mature.

Emotional development during adolescence

• Emotions have often been used to define the adolescence phase.
• This phase is considered as the phase of “stress and storm” as the child is unable to cope with physical growth and dual treatment of society, that neither consider them as a child nor as a grown-up.
• Most adolescents experience tension and instability as they are not prepared enough to meet the expectations of society as a mature guy.
• The factors which affect them emotionally are- being bullied in schools, school demand, and pressure, sexual and social pressure, parental conflict, drug, and alcohol, etc.
• One-sided romance, glandular secretion, mood swing leads to heightened emotions and create conflict within. That makes them confused.
• Suffer from an identity crisis.

Conclusion:

During adolescence, the child suffers from emotional ups and downs. An adolescent has to experience a number of emotional turmoil regarding identity crisis, sexuality, career choices, peer pressure, etc. So this phase is marked by conflict and confusion. Adolescence is the stage of conflict, confusion, and pressure. So, option (b) is correct.

The basic components of attitude: Cognitive or Informational Component, Affective or Emotional Component.

The statement organizations are now less hierarchical in nature is false.