MCQ Test: Puzzles based on comparison - 2 - Bank Exams MCQ

E is heavier than D and C.
We start by analyzing the statements given:

• Statement (i): A weighs twice as much as B.
• Statement (ii): B weighs four and a half times as much as C.
• Statement (iii): C weighs half as much as D.
• Statement (iv): D weighs half as much as E.
• Statement (v): E weighs less than A but more than C.

By piecing this information together, we can establish the following:

• If we assume the weight of C as x, then according to statement (ii), B would weigh 4.5x.
• From statement (i), A would weigh 2 * 4.5x = 9x.
• From statement (iii), D would weigh 2x.
• And from statement (iv), E would weigh 2 * 2x = 4x.

So, the weights of the articles, in terms of x, would be:

• A: 9x
• B: 4.5x
• C: x
• D: 2x
• E: 4x

From this, we can see that E is heavier than D and C, but lighter than A and B.

Clearly, A is the heaviest in weight.
We can approach the problem by creating equations based on the clues given and then comparing the weights.

• From statement (i):
  We know that A weighs twice as much as B. If we denote B's weight as b, then A's weight (a) can be expressed as a = 2b.
• From statement (ii):
  We learn that B weighs four and a half times as much as C. If we denote C's weight as c, then B's weight (b) can be expressed as b = 4.5c.
• From statement (iii):
  We know that C weighs half as much as D. If we denote D's weight as d, then C's weight (c) can be expressed as c = 0.5d.
• From statement (iv):
  We learn that D weighs half as much as E. If we denote E's weight as e, then D's weight (d) can be expressed as d = 0.5e.
• From statement (v):
  We know that E weighs less than A but more than C. This gives us the inequalities e < a and e > c.

Now we can substitute the equations from statements (ii), (iii), and (iv) into the inequalities from statement (v) to get:

• 0.5e < 2(4.5c) and 0.5e > 0.5d
• Simplifying, we get e < 9c and e > d

Since e > d and e < 9c, it implies that A is the heaviest article as it is twice the weight of B, and B is 4.5 times the weight of C.
Therefore, the heaviest article is A.

- Let's break down the information provided in the problem.

• Article B:
  According to the problem, Article A weighs twice as much as Article B.
• Article C:
  The problem states that Article B weighs four and a half times as much as Article C.
• Article D:
  It's mentioned that Article C weighs half as much as Article D.
• Article E:
  From the problem, we know that Article D weighs half as much as Article E.

• Article A vs. Article E:
The problem states that Article E weighs less than Article A but more than Article C.
So, if we assign a unit 'x' to the weight of the lightest article, we can determine the weights of the other articles relative to 'x'.

• Article C: Weights 'x' units
• Article D: According to the problem, Article C weights half as much as Article D. Hence, D weighs 2x units.
• Article E: As per the problem, Article D weighs half as much as Article E. Hence, E weighs 4x units.
• Article A: The problem states that Article E weighs less than Article A. Hence, A weighs more than 4x units.
• Article B: The problem also states that Article A weighs twice as much as B, hence B weighs 2x units.

Order of weights:
From the above calculations, we can conclude that the descending order of weights of the articles is:
A (more than 4x) > E (4x) > B (2x) > D (2x) > C (x)

Clearly, statement (v) is not required to determine the order of weights.

Let A, B, C and D denote the amounts with these individuals respectively.
Then, A + B = C + D, B + D > A + C, A > B.
Now, B + D > A + C and A > B = B + D > A + C > B + C (∫ A > B) = B + D > B + C = D > C.
Also, A + B = c + D, A > B and D > C = 2B < A + B = C + D < 2C = 2B < 2C = C > B. Now, A > B, C > B, D > C = A > B, D > C > B.
Thus, each one of A, D and C has more amount than B.
Hence, B has the least amount.

B studied in institute Y.
From the given information, we can derive the following points:

• D studied in Z with Personnel specialization and his earnings are more than only B and K.
• H studied in X with Marketing and his earnings are less than only P and T.
• R studied in Z with Finance and his earnings are more than D but less than H.
• T studied in X with Finance specialization.
• K, a Personnel specialist, studied in Y and is not the least earner.
• B is the only Finance specialist from one of the institutes.

With this information, we can start filling the details:

• We can place P in Y with Marketing because he earns the most.
• T can be placed in X with Finance.
• H can be placed in X with Marketing.
• R can be placed in Z with Finance.
• D can be placed in Z with Personnel.
• K can be placed in Y with Personnel.
• B can be placed in Y with Finance as he is the only finance specialist left.

From the above information, B studied in institute Y. Hence, the correct answer is option B: Y.

P specialized in Marketing.
To solve this problem, it's essential to understand the conditions given and create a table to represent the information.
Here is the table for the individuals, their institutes, specializations, and their earning level:

• B: Institute Y, Finance, Earns more than only K.
• D: Institute Z, Personnel, Earns more than B and K.
• H: Institute X, Marketing, Earns less than only P and T.
• K: Institute Y, Personnel, Least earner.
• P: Institute Y, Marketing, Earns the most.
• R: Institute Z, Finance, Earns more than D but less than H.
• T: Institute X, Finance, Earns more than H but less than P.

From the table, it's clear that P's specialization is Marketing. Therefore, the answer is:
Option B: Marketing
This is because as per the given information, the Marketing specialist from institute Y earns the most and P is the highest earner. Therefore, P's specialization must be Marketing.

K specialized in Personnel from institute Y.
We can begin solving this question by organizing the given information.

• B, D, H, K, P, R, and T are seven friends who studied in three management institutes X, Y, and Z.
• They had opted for one out of the three specializations - Marketing, Finance, and Personnel - with at least two of them in each specialization.
• No two persons have the same combination of institute and specialization.
• The Marketing specialist from institute Y earns the maximum.
• D studied in institute Z with Personnel specialization and earns more than only B and K.
• H studied in institute X with Marketing and earns less than only P and T.
• R studied in institute Z with Finance and earns more than D but less than H.
• T studied in institute X with Finance specialization.
• K, A personnel specialist, studied in institute Y and is not the least earner among them.
• B is the only Finance specialist from one of these institutes among them.

By using this information, we can deduce the following:

• K studied in institute Y with Personnel specialization.
• H studied in institute X with Marketing specialization.
• R studied in institute Z with Finance specialization.
• D studied in institute Z with Personnel specialization.
• T studied in institute X with Finance specialization.
• Since B is the only Finance specialist from one of these institutes among them, B must have studied in institute Y with Finance specialization.

Looking at the options given:

• Option A: X - K - Personnel is incorrect because K studied in institute Y, not X.
• Option B: X - H - Marketing is correct.
• Option C: Y - B - Finance is correct.
• Option D: Z - R - Finance is correct.

Therefore, the answer is Option A: X - K - Personnel which is incorrect according to the information given.

T's income is the second-highest.

• Let's first analyze the given information and create a table based on it.
• The table has three columns: name, institute, and specialization.
• From the information given, we know:
• D studied in institute Z with Personnel specialization and earns more than only B and K.
• H studied in institute X with Marketing and earns less than only P and T.
• R studied in institute Z with Finance and earns more than D but less than H.
• T studied in institute X with Finance specialization.
• K, a personnel specialist, studied in institute Y and is not the least earner among them.
• B is the only Finance specialist from one of these institutes among them.

Now, let's try to fill in the table:

• B - Institute Y - Finance
• D - Institute Z - Personnel
• H - Institute X - Marketing
• K - Institute Y - Personnel
• P - We don't know the institute yet, but the specialization is either Marketing or Personnel.
• R - Institute Z - Finance
• T - Institute X - Finance

From the given information, we also know that the Marketing specialist from institute Y earns the maximum, so P must be the Marketing specialist from institute Y.
So, the final table is:

• B - Institute Y - Finance
• D - Institute Z - Personnel
• H - Institute X - Marketing
• K - Institute Y - Personnel
• P - Institute Y - Marketing
• R - Institute Z - Finance
• T - Institute X - Finance

Now, let's arrange them according to their income. From the information given, we can easily infer that:

• P earns the highest.
• T earns the second-highest since H earns less than only P and T.
• H earns the third-highest.
• R earns more than D but less than H, so R earns the fourth highest.
• D earns more than only B and K, so D earns the fifth highest.
• Between B and K, since K is not the least earner, B must be the sixth highest earner, and K must be the least earner.

Therefore, the person who earns the second highest is T. Hence, the answer is T.

Four persons - P, T, H, and R - earn more than D.
Before we answer the question, let's first organize the information given.

• B, D, H, K, P, R, and T studied in institutes X, Y, and Z.
• Their specializations are Marketing, Finance, and Personnel.
• D studied in institute Z with Personnel specialization and earns more than only B and K.
• H studied in institute X with Marketing and earns less than only P and T.
• R studied in institute Z with Finance and earns more than D but less than H.
• T studied in institute X with Finance specialization.
• K, a personnel specialist, studied in institute Y and is not the least earner among them.
• B is the only Finance specialist from one of these institutes among them.

Now, let's answer the question.
How many of them earn more than D?
From the given information:

• D earns more than B and K.
• R earns more than D.
• H earns more than R, so H also earns more than D.
• T earns more than H, so T also earns more than D.
• P earns more than H, so P also earns more than D.

So, the people who earn more than D are R, H, T, and P.
Therefore, the answer is four people earn more than D. However, this option is not given in the question. So, the correct answer is E: None of these.