NABARD Practice Test - 9 - Bank Exams MCQ

Directions

Study the following information carefully and answer the questions given below:

M, N, O, P, Q, R and S are the members of a family spanning three generations. Husbands are always elder to their respective wives. Q is married to O, who has only one daughter P. There are only two married couples in the family. Q and S are siblings. N is maternal grandmother of P and mother of Q. R is the eldest member of the family. R and M are siblings. M and S are not married and are of the same gender as R.

Q. How is S related to P?

Directions

Study the following information carefully and answer the questions given below:

M, N, O, P, Q, R and S are the members of a family spanning three generations. Husbands are always elder to their respective wives. Q is married to O, who has only one daughter P. There are only two married couples in the family. Q and S are siblings. N is maternal grandmother of P and mother of Q. R is the eldest member of the family. R and M are siblings. M and S are not married and are of the same gender as R.

Q. How is O related to R?

In a class of 10 boys and 7 girls Reshma’s rank is 8th from the front. If there are 4 boys and 2 girls between Reshma and Ram whose rank is 8th among boys, then find out Reshma’s rank among girls? 

Note: All ranks to be counted from front.

Directions

Read the following information carefully and answer the questions that follow.

Sachin, Rahul, Mahendra, Prem, Rajesh, Kajal, Sapan, and Anuj are sitting around a square table in such a way that four of them sit at four corners of the square while four sit in the middle of each of the four sides. The one who sits at the corners face the centre while those who sit in the middle faces outside.

Each of them likes a different Place -Mumbai, Hyderabad, Pune, Banarash, Calcutta, Patna, Shimla and Goa. (None of the information given is necessarily in the same order)

Mahendra sits third to the left of the person who likes Goa.The one who likes Goa faces outside. There are only two persons sit between Mahendra and Anuj.

Prem sits on the immediate left of the one who likes Patna. Sapan does not likes Patna. 

Rajesh likes Shimla. Rajesh is not immediate neighbour of Sachin.

The person who likes Hyderabad is an immediate neighbour of Rajesh. 

The person who likes Banarash is an immediate neighbour of Kajal.

The one who likes Mumbai sits in the immediate right of Anuj. The one who likes Calcutta sits second to the right of Sapan. Sapan is neither an immediate neighbour of Anuj nor Mahendra. Sapan does not like Goa. There is only one person sits between Sachin and the one who likes Calcutta

Q. Who among the following sits diagonally opposite the one who likes Mumbai?

Directions

Read the following information carefully and answer the questions that follow.

Sachin, Rahul, Mahendra, Prem, Rajesh, Kajal, Sapan, and Anuj are sitting around a square table in such a way that four of them sit at four corners of the square while four sit in the middle of each of the four sides. The one who sits at the corners face the centre while those who sit in the middle faces outside.

Each of them likes a different Place -Mumbai, Hyderabad, Pune, Banarash, Calcutta, Patna, Shimla and Goa. (None of the information given is necessarily in the same order)

Mahendra sits third to the left of the person who likes Goa.The one who likes Goa faces outside. There are only two persons sit between Mahendra and Anuj.

Prem sits on the immediate left of the one who likes Patna. Sapan does not likes Patna. 

Rajesh likes Shimla. Rajesh is not immediate neighbour of Sachin.

The person who likes Hyderabad is an immediate neighbour of Rajesh. 

The person who likes Banarash is an immediate neighbour of Kajal.

The one who likes Mumbai sits in the immediate right of Anuj. The one who likes Calcutta sits second to the right of Sapan. Sapan is neither an immediate neighbour of Anuj nor Mahendra. Sapan does not like Goa. There is only one person sits between Sachin and the one who likes Calcutta

Q. Who among the following represent the immediate neighbours of the one who likes Calcutta?

Directions

Read the following information carefully and answer the questions that follow.

Sachin, Rahul, Mahendra, Prem, Rajesh, Kajal, Sapan, and Anuj are sitting around a square table in such a way that four of them sit at four corners of the square while four sit in the middle of each of the four sides. The one who sits at the corners face the centre while those who sit in the middle faces outside.

Each of them likes a different Place -Mumbai, Hyderabad, Pune, Banarash, Calcutta, Patna, Shimla and Goa. (None of the information given is necessarily in the same order)

Mahendra sits third to the left of the person who likes Goa.The one who likes Goa faces outside. There are only two persons sit between Mahendra and Anuj.

Prem sits on the immediate left of the one who likes Patna. Sapan does not likes Patna. 

Rajesh likes Shimla. Rajesh is not immediate neighbour of Sachin.

The person who likes Hyderabad is an immediate neighbour of Rajesh. 

The person who likes Banarash is an immediate neighbour of Kajal.

The one who likes Mumbai sits in the immediate right of Anuj. The one who likes Calcutta sits second to the right of Sapan. Sapan is neither an immediate neighbour of Anuj nor Mahendra. Sapan does not like Goa. There is only one person sits between Sachin and the one who likes Calcutta

Q. Who among the following sits exactly between Anuj and Rahul?

Directions

Read the following information carefully and answer the questions that follow.

Sachin, Rahul, Mahendra, Prem, Rajesh, Kajal, Sapan, and Anuj are sitting around a square table in such a way that four of them sit at four corners of the square while four sit in the middle of each of the four sides. The one who sits at the corners face the centre while those who sit in the middle faces outside.

Each of them likes a different Place -Mumbai, Hyderabad, Pune, Banarash, Calcutta, Patna, Shimla and Goa. (None of the information given is necessarily in the same order)

Mahendra sits third to the left of the person who likes Goa.The one who likes Goa faces outside. There are only two persons sit between Mahendra and Anuj.

Prem sits on the immediate left of the one who likes Patna. Sapan does not likes Patna. 

Rajesh likes Shimla. Rajesh is not immediate neighbour of Sachin.

The person who likes Hyderabad is an immediate neighbour of Rajesh. 

The person who likes Banarash is an immediate neighbour of Kajal.

The one who likes Mumbai sits in the immediate right of Anuj. The one who likes Calcutta sits second to the right of Sapan. Sapan is neither an immediate neighbour of Anuj nor Mahendra. Sapan does not like Goa. There is only one person sits between Sachin and the one who likes Calcutta

Q. Which of the following is true regarding Rahul? 

Directions

Read the following information carefully and answer the questions that follow.

Sachin, Rahul, Mahendra, Prem, Rajesh, Kajal, Sapan, and Anuj are sitting around a square table in such a way that four of them sit at four corners of the square while four sit in the middle of each of the four sides. The one who sits at the corners face the centre while those who sit in the middle faces outside.

Each of them likes a different Place -Mumbai, Hyderabad, Pune, Banarash, Calcutta, Patna, Shimla and Goa. (None of the information given is necessarily in the same order)

Mahendra sits third to the left of the person who likes Goa.The one who likes Goa faces outside. There are only two persons sit between Mahendra and Anuj.

Prem sits on the immediate left of the one who likes Patna. Sapan does not likes Patna. 

Rajesh likes Shimla. Rajesh is not immediate neighbour of Sachin.

The person who likes Hyderabad is an immediate neighbour of Rajesh. 

The person who likes Banarash is an immediate neighbour of Kajal.

The one who likes Mumbai sits in the immediate right of Anuj. The one who likes Calcutta sits second to the right of Sapan. Sapan is neither an immediate neighbour of Anuj nor Mahendra. Sapan does not like Goa. There is only one person sits between Sachin and the one who likes Calcutta

Q. What is the position of the one who likes Patna with respect to Sapan?

Directions

Study the following information carefully and answer the questions given below:

Nine persons Dinesh, Jagdish, Arpit, Sanjay, Sohan, Varun, Pranav, Akhilesh and Vaibhav live in a building but not necessarily in the same order. There are nine floors in that building and only one person live on each floor. Each of them likes a different subjects, viz, Physics, Chemistry, Biology , Maths, Hindi, English, History, Accounts and Geography but not necessarily in the same order. The ground floor is numbered 1 and the floor above it is numbered 2 and so on. The topmost floor is numbered 9.

Arpit likes either English or Hindi. Only one person lives between Jagdish and Akhilesh. Pranav lives on an even numbered floor and likes Geography. Dinesh does not like Chemistry. Only one person lives between Dinesh and the one who likes History. Both Dinesh and Varun live on an odd- numbered floor but Varun lives, below the floor on which Dinesh lives. Jagdish lives on an odd- numbered floor but above the floor numbered 4. Only three persons live between Jagdish and the one who like English. Sanjay lives immediately above the floor on which Akhilesh lives. Only one person lives between Vaibhav and the one who likes Chemistry. Neither Akhilesh nor Vaibhav likes Physics. Only two persons live between the one who likes Accounts and the one who likes Hindi. Akhilesh does not like Maths. Only two persons live between Vaibhav and Arpit. The one who likes Hindi lives immediately below the floor on which the person who likes English lives. Dinesh does not like English.

Q. Which of the following statements is true?

Directions

Study the following information carefully and answer the questions given below:

Nine persons Dinesh, Jagdish, Arpit, Sanjay, Sohan, Varun, Pranav, Akhilesh and Vaibhav live in a building but not necessarily in the same order. There are nine floors in that building and only one person live on each floor. Each of them likes a different subjects, viz, Physics, Chemistry, Biology , Maths, Hindi, English, History, Accounts and Geography but not necessarily in the same order. The ground floor is numbered 1 and the floor above it is numbered 2 and so on. The topmost floor is numbered 9.

Arpit likes either English or Hindi. Only one person lives between Jagdish and Akhilesh. Pranav lives on an even numbered floor and likes Geography. Dinesh does not like Chemistry. Only one person lives between Dinesh and the one who likes History. Both Dinesh and Varun live on an odd- numbered floor but Varun lives, below the floor on which Dinesh lives. Jagdish lives on an odd- numbered floor but above the floor numbered 4. Only three persons live between Jagdish and the one who like English. Sanjay lives immediately above the floor on which Akhilesh lives. Only one person lives between Vaibhav and the one who likes Chemistry. Neither Akhilesh nor Vaibhav likes Physics. Only two persons live between the one who likes Accounts and the one who likes Hindi. Akhilesh does not like Maths. Only two persons live between Vaibhav and Arpit. The one who likes Hindi lives immediately below the floor on which the person who likes English lives. Dinesh does not like English.

Q. How many persons are there between Sohan and the one who likes Biology?

Directions

Study the following information carefully and answer the questions given below:

Nine persons Dinesh, Jagdish, Arpit, Sanjay, Sohan, Varun, Pranav, Akhilesh and Vaibhav live in a building but not necessarily in the same order. There are nine floors in that building and only one person live on each floor. Each of them likes a different subjects, viz, Physics, Chemistry, Biology , Maths, Hindi, English, History, Accounts and Geography but not necessarily in the same order. The ground floor is numbered 1 and the floor above it is numbered 2 and so on. The topmost floor is numbered 9.

Arpit likes either English or Hindi. Only one person lives between Jagdish and Akhilesh. Pranav lives on an even numbered floor and likes Geography. Dinesh does not like Chemistry. Only one person lives between Dinesh and the one who likes History. Both Dinesh and Varun live on an odd- numbered floor but Varun lives, below the floor on which Dinesh lives. Jagdish lives on an odd- numbered floor but above the floor numbered 4. Only three persons live between Jagdish and the one who like English. Sanjay lives immediately above the floor on which Akhilesh lives. Only one person lives between Vaibhav and the one who likes Chemistry. Neither Akhilesh nor Vaibhav likes Physics. Only two persons live between the one who likes Accounts and the one who likes Hindi. Akhilesh does not like Maths. Only two persons live between Vaibhav and Arpit. The one who likes Hindi lives immediately below the floor on which the person who likes English lives. Dinesh does not like English.

Q. Who among the following likes Physics?

Directions

Study the following information carefully and answer the questions given below:

Nine persons Dinesh, Jagdish, Arpit, Sanjay, Sohan, Varun, Pranav, Akhilesh and Vaibhav live in a building but not necessarily in the same order. There are nine floors in that building and only one person live on each floor. Each of them likes a different subjects, viz, Physics, Chemistry, Biology , Maths, Hindi, English, History, Accounts and Geography but not necessarily in the same order. The ground floor is numbered 1 and the floor above it is numbered 2 and so on. The topmost floor is numbered 9.

Arpit likes either English or Hindi. Only one person lives between Jagdish and Akhilesh. Pranav lives on an even numbered floor and likes Geography. Dinesh does not like Chemistry. Only one person lives between Dinesh and the one who likes History. Both Dinesh and Varun live on an odd- numbered floor but Varun lives, below the floor on which Dinesh lives. Jagdish lives on an odd- numbered floor but above the floor numbered 4. Only three persons live between Jagdish and the one who like English. Sanjay lives immediately above the floor on which Akhilesh lives. Only one person lives between Vaibhav and the one who likes Chemistry. Neither Akhilesh nor Vaibhav likes Physics. Only two persons live between the one who likes Accounts and the one who likes Hindi. Akhilesh does not like Maths. Only two persons live between Vaibhav and Arpit. The one who likes Hindi lives immediately below the floor on which the person who likes English lives. Dinesh does not like English.

Q. Four of the following five are alike in a certain way and so form a group. Which is the one that one doesn’t belong to that group?

Directions

Study the following information carefully and answer the questions given below:

Nine persons Dinesh, Jagdish, Arpit, Sanjay, Sohan, Varun, Pranav, Akhilesh and Vaibhav live in a building but not necessarily in the same order. There are nine floors in that building and only one person live on each floor. Each of them likes a different subjects, viz, Physics, Chemistry, Biology , Maths, Hindi, English, History, Accounts and Geography but not necessarily in the same order. The ground floor is numbered 1 and the floor above it is numbered 2 and so on. The topmost floor is numbered 9.

Arpit likes either English or Hindi. Only one person lives between Jagdish and Akhilesh. Pranav lives on an even numbered floor and likes Geography. Dinesh does not like Chemistry. Only one person lives between Dinesh and the one who likes History. Both Dinesh and Varun live on an odd- numbered floor but Varun lives, below the floor on which Dinesh lives. Jagdish lives on an odd- numbered floor but above the floor numbered 4. Only three persons live between Jagdish and the one who like English. Sanjay lives immediately above the floor on which Akhilesh lives. Only one person lives between Vaibhav and the one who likes Chemistry. Neither Akhilesh nor Vaibhav likes Physics. Only two persons live between the one who likes Accounts and the one who likes Hindi. Akhilesh does not like Maths. Only two persons live between Vaibhav and Arpit. The one who likes Hindi lives immediately below the floor on which the person who likes English lives. Dinesh does not like English.

Q. Who among the following lives exactly between the floors on which Pranav and Sohan live respectively?

Directions

In each of the following questions, two statements numbered I and II are given. There may be cause and effect relationship between the two statements. These two statements may be the effect of the same cause or independent causes. These statements may be independent causes without having any relationship. Read both the statements in each question and mark your answer as

Statement:

I: There is increase in fog level due to pollution in Delhi in the last week of November.

II: Most of the flights were cancelled in the last week of November due to increase in fog level.

Directions

In each of the following questions, two statements numbered I and II are given. There may be cause and effect relationship between the two statements. These two statements may be the effect of the same cause or independent causes. These statements may be independent causes without having any relationship. Read both the statements in each question and mark your answer as

Statement:

I: The fare of public transport dropped marginally last week.

II: The state government reduced the tax on public transport last week.

Directions

In each of the following questions, two statements numbered I and II are given. There may be cause and effect relationship between the two statements. These two statements may be the effect of the same cause or independent causes. These statements may be independent causes without having any relationship. Read both the statements in each question and mark your answer as

Statement:

I: Few people visited the theme park during the week days.

II: Many people visited the theme park during the weekend.

Each consonant of the word ‘KINGDOM is changed to the previous letter in the English alphabetical series and each vowel is changed to the next letter in the English alphabetical series. If the new alphabets thus formed are arranged in alphabetical order (from left to right), which of the following will be the third from the right?

Directions

Read the given passage and based on it, answer the questions that follow.

The elusive and charismatic snow leopard has lost its endangered status in the Red List of the International Union for Conservation of Nature, causing genuine worry among wildlife biologists, who believe this sends out the wrong signal to those working to protect it. If the argument for a downgrade to vulnerable status from endangered is that conservation actions have reduced the threat to the cat, there is an equally persuasive response on how little scientists know about its population health, given its remote habitat in the alpine zones of the Himalayas and trans-Himalayas. As a major range country, India has worked to protect these animals, and even launched a programme on the lines of Project Tiger for its conservation, covering 128,757 sq. km of habitat in Jammu and Kashmir, Himachal Pradesh, Uttarakhand, Sikkim and Arunachal Pradesh. There is also an upcoming international collaborative effort, the Global Snow Leopard and Ecosystem Protection Program, involving the countries that make up the range of this graceful animal. It is vital that this momentum should not be lost merely on account of the technicality that the estimated numbers have crossed the threshold for an ‘endangered’ classification, which is 2,500. If anything, studies on its vulnerability have to be intensified, and the task of monitoring its entire habitat of high mountains speeded up.

It would be a disservice to conservation if governments shift their focus away from the big challenges to the snow leopard’s future: trafficking in live animals in Central Asia, and hostility from communities because of its attacks on livestock. India handled the problem of the cat preying on goats, sheep, donkeys and other animals by roping in communities in conservation, and compensating them for any losses. An insurance programme in which residents of a part of Spiti Valley in Himachal Pradesh participated also worked well. New research indicates that even when wild prey is available, the attacks on livestock by snow leopards have cumulatively been on the rise. The response to this finding must be to insulate the owners from losses and encourage them to move away from traditional pastoral grazing. A more fundamental worry is over the likely loss of habitat owing to changing climate patterns. Fortunately, research models indicate that there are considerable stretches of steppes in High Asia that could withstand climate-related changes in the greater Himalayan region, creating refuge lands for snow leopards. Today, the factors that pose a threat to the species remain unchanged, and the IUCN down-listing, which changes the classification since 1986, should not be misread by policymakers. If conservation has protected the cat, it must be strengthened by enlarging protected areas in all the range countries, and keeping out incompatible activities such as mining and human interference

Q. What is causing worry among wildlife biologists?

Directions

Read the given passage and based on it, answer the questions that follow.

The elusive and charismatic snow leopard has lost its endangered status in the Red List of the International Union for Conservation of Nature, causing genuine worry among wildlife biologists, who believe this sends out the wrong signal to those working to protect it. If the argument for a downgrade to vulnerable status from endangered is that conservation actions have reduced the threat to the cat, there is an equally persuasive response on how little scientists know about its population health, given its remote habitat in the alpine zones of the Himalayas and trans-Himalayas. As a major range country, India has worked to protect these animals, and even launched a programme on the lines of Project Tiger for its conservation, covering 128,757 sq. km of habitat in Jammu and Kashmir, Himachal Pradesh, Uttarakhand, Sikkim and Arunachal Pradesh. There is also an upcoming international collaborative effort, the Global Snow Leopard and Ecosystem Protection Program, involving the countries that make up the range of this graceful animal. It is vital that this momentum should not be lost merely on account of the technicality that the estimated numbers have crossed the threshold for an ‘endangered’ classification, which is 2,500. If anything, studies on its vulnerability have to be intensified, and the task of monitoring its entire habitat of high mountains speeded up.

It would be a disservice to conservation if governments shift their focus away from the big challenges to the snow leopard’s future: trafficking in live animals in Central Asia, and hostility from communities because of its attacks on livestock. India handled the problem of the cat preying on goats, sheep, donkeys and other animals by roping in communities in conservation, and compensating them for any losses. An insurance programme in which residents of a part of Spiti Valley in Himachal Pradesh participated also worked well. New research indicates that even when wild prey is available, the attacks on livestock by snow leopards have cumulatively been on the rise. The response to this finding must be to insulate the owners from losses and encourage them to move away from traditional pastoral grazing. A more fundamental worry is over the likely loss of habitat owing to changing climate patterns. Fortunately, research models indicate that there are considerable stretches of steppes in High Asia that could withstand climate-related changes in the greater Himalayan region, creating refuge lands for snow leopards. Today, the factors that pose a threat to the species remain unchanged, and the IUCN down-listing, which changes the classification since 1986, should not be misread by policymakers. If conservation has protected the cat, it must be strengthened by enlarging protected areas in all the range countries, and keeping out incompatible activities such as mining and human interference

Q. What are the big challenges in front of the governments that need attention?

Directions

Read the given passage and based on it, answer the questions that follow.

The elusive and charismatic snow leopard has lost its endangered status in the Red List of the International Union for Conservation of Nature, causing genuine worry among wildlife biologists, who believe this sends out the wrong signal to those working to protect it. If the argument for a downgrade to vulnerable status from endangered is that conservation actions have reduced the threat to the cat, there is an equally persuasive response on how little scientists know about its population health, given its remote habitat in the alpine zones of the Himalayas and trans-Himalayas. As a major range country, India has worked to protect these animals, and even launched a programme on the lines of Project Tiger for its conservation, covering 128,757 sq. km of habitat in Jammu and Kashmir, Himachal Pradesh, Uttarakhand, Sikkim and Arunachal Pradesh. There is also an upcoming international collaborative effort, the Global Snow Leopard and Ecosystem Protection Program, involving the countries that make up the range of this graceful animal. It is vital that this momentum should not be lost merely on account of the technicality that the estimated numbers have crossed the threshold for an ‘endangered’ classification, which is 2,500. If anything, studies on its vulnerability have to be intensified, and the task of monitoring its entire habitat of high mountains speeded up.

It would be a disservice to conservation if governments shift their focus away from the big challenges to the snow leopard’s future: trafficking in live animals in Central Asia, and hostility from communities because of its attacks on livestock. India handled the problem of the cat preying on goats, sheep, donkeys and other animals by roping in communities in conservation, and compensating them for any losses. An insurance programme in which residents of a part of Spiti Valley in Himachal Pradesh participated also worked well. New research indicates that even when wild prey is available, the attacks on livestock by snow leopards have cumulatively been on the rise. The response to this finding must be to insulate the owners from losses and encourage them to move away from traditional pastoral grazing. A more fundamental worry is over the likely loss of habitat owing to changing climate patterns. Fortunately, research models indicate that there are considerable stretches of steppes in High Asia that could withstand climate-related changes in the greater Himalayan region, creating refuge lands for snow leopards. Today, the factors that pose a threat to the species remain unchanged, and the IUCN down-listing, which changes the classification since 1986, should not be misread by policymakers. If conservation has protected the cat, it must be strengthened by enlarging protected areas in all the range countries, and keeping out incompatible activities such as mining and human interference

Q. How has India worked to protect the snow leopards?

Directions

Read the given passage and based on it, answer the questions that follow.

The elusive and charismatic snow leopard has lost its endangered status in the Red List of the International Union for Conservation of Nature, causing genuine worry among wildlife biologists, who believe this sends out the wrong signal to those working to protect it. If the argument for a downgrade to vulnerable status from endangered is that conservation actions have reduced the threat to the cat, there is an equally persuasive response on how little scientists know about its population health, given its remote habitat in the alpine zones of the Himalayas and trans-Himalayas. As a major range country, India has worked to protect these animals, and even launched a programme on the lines of Project Tiger for its conservation, covering 128,757 sq. km of habitat in Jammu and Kashmir, Himachal Pradesh, Uttarakhand, Sikkim and Arunachal Pradesh. There is also an upcoming international collaborative effort, the Global Snow Leopard and Ecosystem Protection Program, involving the countries that make up the range of this graceful animal. It is vital that this momentum should not be lost merely on account of the technicality that the estimated numbers have crossed the threshold for an ‘endangered’ classification, which is 2,500. If anything, studies on its vulnerability have to be intensified, and the task of monitoring its entire habitat of high mountains speeded up.

It would be a disservice to conservation if governments shift their focus away from the big challenges to the snow leopard’s future: trafficking in live animals in Central Asia, and hostility from communities because of its attacks on livestock. India handled the problem of the cat preying on goats, sheep, donkeys and other animals by roping in communities in conservation, and compensating them for any losses. An insurance programme in which residents of a part of Spiti Valley in Himachal Pradesh participated also worked well. New research indicates that even when wild prey is available, the attacks on livestock by snow leopards have cumulatively been on the rise. The response to this finding must be to insulate the owners from losses and encourage them to move away from traditional pastoral grazing. A more fundamental worry is over the likely loss of habitat owing to changing climate patterns. Fortunately, research models indicate that there are considerable stretches of steppes in High Asia that could withstand climate-related changes in the greater Himalayan region, creating refuge lands for snow leopards. Today, the factors that pose a threat to the species remain unchanged, and the IUCN down-listing, which changes the classification since 1986, should not be misread by policymakers. If conservation has protected the cat, it must be strengthened by enlarging protected areas in all the range countries, and keeping out incompatible activities such as mining and human interference

Q. What according to the passage should be done to ensure the conservation of Snow Leopards?

Directions

Read the given passage and based on it, answer the questions that follow.

The elusive and charismatic snow leopard has lost its endangered status in the Red List of the International Union for Conservation of Nature, causing genuine worry among wildlife biologists, who believe this sends out the wrong signal to those working to protect it. If the argument for a downgrade to vulnerable status from endangered is that conservation actions have reduced the threat to the cat, there is an equally persuasive response on how little scientists know about its population health, given its remote habitat in the alpine zones of the Himalayas and trans-Himalayas. As a major range country, India has worked to protect these animals, and even launched a programme on the lines of Project Tiger for its conservation, covering 128,757 sq. km of habitat in Jammu and Kashmir, Himachal Pradesh, Uttarakhand, Sikkim and Arunachal Pradesh. There is also an upcoming international collaborative effort, the Global Snow Leopard and Ecosystem Protection Program, involving the countries that make up the range of this graceful animal. It is vital that this momentum should not be lost merely on account of the technicality that the estimated numbers have crossed the threshold for an ‘endangered’ classification, which is 2,500. If anything, studies on its vulnerability have to be intensified, and the task of monitoring its entire habitat of high mountains speeded up.

It would be a disservice to conservation if governments shift their focus away from the big challenges to the snow leopard’s future: trafficking in live animals in Central Asia, and hostility from communities because of its attacks on livestock. India handled the problem of the cat preying on goats, sheep, donkeys and other animals by roping in communities in conservation, and compensating them for any losses. An insurance programme in which residents of a part of Spiti Valley in Himachal Pradesh participated also worked well. New research indicates that even when wild prey is available, the attacks on livestock by snow leopards have cumulatively been on the rise. The response to this finding must be to insulate the owners from losses and encourage them to move away from traditional pastoral grazing. A more fundamental worry is over the likely loss of habitat owing to changing climate patterns. Fortunately, research models indicate that there are considerable stretches of steppes in High Asia that could withstand climate-related changes in the greater Himalayan region, creating refuge lands for snow leopards. Today, the factors that pose a threat to the species remain unchanged, and the IUCN down-listing, which changes the classification since 1986, should not be misread by policymakers. If conservation has protected the cat, it must be strengthened by enlarging protected areas in all the range countries, and keeping out incompatible activities such as mining and human interference

Q. Choose the word which is the same in meaning as the word/phrase given in bold as used in the passage.

ELUSIVE

Directions

Read the given passage and based on it, answer the questions that follow.

The elusive and charismatic snow leopard has lost its endangered status in the Red List of the International Union for Conservation of Nature, causing genuine worry among wildlife biologists, who believe this sends out the wrong signal to those working to protect it. If the argument for a downgrade to vulnerable status from endangered is that conservation actions have reduced the threat to the cat, there is an equally persuasive response on how little scientists know about its population health, given its remote habitat in the alpine zones of the Himalayas and trans-Himalayas. As a major range country, India has worked to protect these animals, and even launched a programme on the lines of Project Tiger for its conservation, covering 128,757 sq. km of habitat in Jammu and Kashmir, Himachal Pradesh, Uttarakhand, Sikkim and Arunachal Pradesh. There is also an upcoming international collaborative effort, the Global Snow Leopard and Ecosystem Protection Program, involving the countries that make up the range of this graceful animal. It is vital that this momentum should not be lost merely on account of the technicality that the estimated numbers have crossed the threshold for an ‘endangered’ classification, which is 2,500. If anything, studies on its vulnerability have to be intensified, and the task of monitoring its entire habitat of high mountains speeded up.

It would be a disservice to conservation if governments shift their focus away from the big challenges to the snow leopard’s future: trafficking in live animals in Central Asia, and hostility from communities because of its attacks on livestock. India handled the problem of the cat preying on goats, sheep, donkeys and other animals by roping in communities in conservation, and compensating them for any losses. An insurance programme in which residents of a part of Spiti Valley in Himachal Pradesh participated also worked well. New research indicates that even when wild prey is available, the attacks on livestock by snow leopards have cumulatively been on the rise. The response to this finding must be to insulate the owners from losses and encourage them to move away from traditional pastoral grazing. A more fundamental worry is over the likely loss of habitat owing to changing climate patterns. Fortunately, research models indicate that there are considerable stretches of steppes in High Asia that could withstand climate-related changes in the greater Himalayan region, creating refuge lands for snow leopards. Today, the factors that pose a threat to the species remain unchanged, and the IUCN down-listing, which changes the classification since 1986, should not be misread by policymakers. If conservation has protected the cat, it must be strengthened by enlarging protected areas in all the range countries, and keeping out incompatible activities such as mining and human interference

Q. Choose the word which is the same in meaning as the word/phrase given in bold as used in the passage.

PASTORAL

Directions

Read the given passage and based on it, answer the questions that follow.

The elusive and charismatic snow leopard has lost its endangered status in the Red List of the International Union for Conservation of Nature, causing genuine worry among wildlife biologists, who believe this sends out the wrong signal to those working to protect it. If the argument for a downgrade to vulnerable status from endangered is that conservation actions have reduced the threat to the cat, there is an equally persuasive response on how little scientists know about its population health, given its remote habitat in the alpine zones of the Himalayas and trans-Himalayas. As a major range country, India has worked to protect these animals, and even launched a programme on the lines of Project Tiger for its conservation, covering 128,757 sq. km of habitat in Jammu and Kashmir, Himachal Pradesh, Uttarakhand, Sikkim and Arunachal Pradesh. There is also an upcoming international collaborative effort, the Global Snow Leopard and Ecosystem Protection Program, involving the countries that make up the range of this graceful animal. It is vital that this momentum should not be lost merely on account of the technicality that the estimated numbers have crossed the threshold for an ‘endangered’ classification, which is 2,500. If anything, studies on its vulnerability have to be intensified, and the task of monitoring its entire habitat of high mountains speeded up.

It would be a disservice to conservation if governments shift their focus away from the big challenges to the snow leopard’s future: trafficking in live animals in Central Asia, and hostility from communities because of its attacks on livestock. India handled the problem of the cat preying on goats, sheep, donkeys and other animals by roping in communities in conservation, and compensating them for any losses. An insurance programme in which residents of a part of Spiti Valley in Himachal Pradesh participated also worked well. New research indicates that even when wild prey is available, the attacks on livestock by snow leopards have cumulatively been on the rise. The response to this finding must be to insulate the owners from losses and encourage them to move away from traditional pastoral grazing. A more fundamental worry is over the likely loss of habitat owing to changing climate patterns. Fortunately, research models indicate that there are considerable stretches of steppes in High Asia that could withstand climate-related changes in the greater Himalayan region, creating refuge lands for snow leopards. Today, the factors that pose a threat to the species remain unchanged, and the IUCN down-listing, which changes the classification since 1986, should not be misread by policymakers. If conservation has protected the cat, it must be strengthened by enlarging protected areas in all the range countries, and keeping out incompatible activities such as mining and human interference

Q. Choose the word which is the opposite in meaning as the word/phrase given in bold as used in the passage.

PERSUASIVE

Directions

Read the given passage and based on it, answer the questions that follow.

The elusive and charismatic snow leopard has lost its endangered status in the Red List of the International Union for Conservation of Nature, causing genuine worry among wildlife biologists, who believe this sends out the wrong signal to those working to protect it. If the argument for a downgrade to vulnerable status from endangered is that conservation actions have reduced the threat to the cat, there is an equally persuasive response on how little scientists know about its population health, given its remote habitat in the alpine zones of the Himalayas and trans-Himalayas. As a major range country, India has worked to protect these animals, and even launched a programme on the lines of Project Tiger for its conservation, covering 128,757 sq. km of habitat in Jammu and Kashmir, Himachal Pradesh, Uttarakhand, Sikkim and Arunachal Pradesh. There is also an upcoming international collaborative effort, the Global Snow Leopard and Ecosystem Protection Program, involving the countries that make up the range of this graceful animal. It is vital that this momentum should not be lost merely on account of the technicality that the estimated numbers have crossed the threshold for an ‘endangered’ classification, which is 2,500. If anything, studies on its vulnerability have to be intensified, and the task of monitoring its entire habitat of high mountains speeded up.

It would be a disservice to conservation if governments shift their focus away from the big challenges to the snow leopard’s future: trafficking in live animals in Central Asia, and hostility from communities because of its attacks on livestock. India handled the problem of the cat preying on goats, sheep, donkeys and other animals by roping in communities in conservation, and compensating them for any losses. An insurance programme in which residents of a part of Spiti Valley in Himachal Pradesh participated also worked well. New research indicates that even when wild prey is available, the attacks on livestock by snow leopards have cumulatively been on the rise. The response to this finding must be to insulate the owners from losses and encourage them to move away from traditional pastoral grazing. A more fundamental worry is over the likely loss of habitat owing to changing climate patterns. Fortunately, research models indicate that there are considerable stretches of steppes in High Asia that could withstand climate-related changes in the greater Himalayan region, creating refuge lands for snow leopards. Today, the factors that pose a threat to the species remain unchanged, and the IUCN down-listing, which changes the classification since 1986, should not be misread by policymakers. If conservation has protected the cat, it must be strengthened by enlarging protected areas in all the range countries, and keeping out incompatible activities such as mining and human interference

Q. Choose the word which is the opposite in meaning as the word/phrase given in bold as used in the passage.

HOSTILITY

Directions

In the following passage there are blanks, each of which has been numbered. These numbers are printed below the passage and against each five words are suggested, one of which fits the blank appropriately.

If you are living in a neighbourhood surrounded by trees and shrubs, with birds  ……..(29) all the time, there are  ……(30) chances for you to suffer from anxiety or stress, a new study has revealed. According to the researchers at the University of Exeter, the British Trust for  ……(31) lower levels of depression, anxiety an stress were associated with the number of birds people could see in the afternoon. The study found …….(32) for mental health of being able to see birds, shrubs and trees …….(33) the home, whether people lived in urban or more leafy suburban neighbourhoods.

Q. Find out the appropriate words.

Directions

In the following passage there are blanks, each of which has been numbered. These numbers are printed below the passage and against each five words are suggested, one of which fits the blank appropriately.

If you are living in a neighbourhood surrounded by trees and shrubs, with birds  ……..(29) all the time, there are  ……(30) chances for you to suffer from anxiety or stress, a new study has revealed. According to the researchers at the University of Exeter, the British Trust for  ……(31) lower levels of depression, anxiety an stress were associated with the number of birds people could see in the afternoon. The study found …….(32) for mental health of being able to see birds, shrubs and trees …….(33) the home, whether people lived in urban or more leafy suburban neighbourhoods.

Q. Find out the appropriate words.