OSSSC TGT Science CBZ Mock Test - 7 - OTET MCQ

Motivation, in the process of learning, creates interest for learning among young learners.

The tools for formative assessment in scholastic domain are oral questions, assignments, conversation skills, projects, quizzes, and group work. The tools for summative assessment in scholastic domain are multiple choice questions, short answer type and long answer type descriptive questions at term end.

Teachers who work under school-based assessment feel a sense of ownership for the system.

Learning can be enhanced if situations from the real world are brought into the class in which students interact with each other and the teacher facilitates. Children grasp easily when a teacher makes them understand the concepts by relating them to real-life experiences. In this way, they not only create interests in their subject but also retain concepts for a longer time.
Hence, the correct answer is, 'Situations from the real world are brought into the class in which students interact with each other and the teacher facilitates.'

A teacher should possess some qualities to teach at the primary level such as she should have the patience to deal with all sorts of questions arising in the minds of the students. Students at the primary level ask very silly questions she should not get frustrated with them and reply in a very calm manner. Apart from this, a teacher should also have a quality of perseverance she should stick to her plans and not lose hopes even if she is facing many difficulties in achieving them.
Hence, the correct answer is, 'Patience and Perseverance.'

Jean Piaget has proposed four stages in his cognitive development theory. The First stage is the sensorimotor stage which occurs from birth to 2 years, second is the pre-operational stage which occurs from 2 to 7 years of age, the third is the concrete operational stage which occurs from 7 to 11 years of age. This is the stage when a child begins to think logically about objects and events. Last is the formal operational stage which occurs above 12 years of age.
Hence, the correct answer is, 'Concrete operational stage.'

Adolescence is the stage when children become active members of the peer group. It is a transitional stage of growth and development that lies between childhood and adulthood. According to the World Health Organization, this period occurs between the age of 10 and 19. At this stage, children are more actively involved in their peer group. They share everything with their friends instead of family. They are more comfortable with their peers.
Hence, the correct answer is, 'Adolescence.'

Krebs' cycle also known as TCA cycle or citric acid cycle, is a common pathway of oxidative breakdown of carbohydrates, fatty acids and amino acids. Amino acids enter the Krebs' cycle directly as glutamate (for α-Ketoglutarate) and aspartate (for oxaloacetate) after their deamination. Fats produce fatty acids and glycerol. Glycerol is phosphorylated and oxidized to form glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate. Fatty acids undergo β-oxidation to produce acetyl CoA. Acetyl CoA enters Krebs' cycle.

• Due to their reduced rate of photorespiration and high rate of photosynthesis, C₄ plants are more efficient than C₃ plants. 
• So the yield of C₃ plants is lower as compared to C₄ plants.

The living differentiated cells, that have lost the capacity to divide can regain the power of division under certain conditions, this phenomenon is termed as de-differentiation. E.g. formation of meristems-interfascicular combium (formed form outer layer of cortex) from fully differentiated parencyma cells. while doing so, such meristems/tissues are able to divide and produce cells that once again lose the capacity to divide but mature to perform specific functions, i.e., get redifferentiated. E.g., cells of secondary xylem, secondary phloem, periderm. Thus redifferentiation can be defined as maturation or differentiation of dedifferentiated tissues.

The correct pattern of arrangement of reproductive structures for gymnosperms is:

Spores → Sporangia → Sporophylls → Strobili.
Spores are produced in the Sporangia, which are located on the Sporophylls, and these are arranged in Strobili (cones), which is the main reproductive structure of gymnosperms.

More Explanation on this:
Spores
In gymnosperms, spores are the first stage in the reproductive cycle. These are single-celled reproductive units that can develop into a new organism without the need for fertilization. Gymnosperms produce two types of spores: microspores and megaspores.

Sporangia
The spores are contained within structures called sporangia. Sporangia are specialized for spore production and are typically found on the undersides of leaves or within cones in gymnosperms. Each sporangium can produce numerous spores.

Sporophylls
Sporophylls are specialized leaves that bear sporangia. In gymnosperms, sporophylls are usually arranged in a cone-like structure. Depending on the type of spore they produce, sporophylls can be either microsporophylls (bearing microsporangia and producing microspores) or megasporophylls (bearing megasporangia and producing megaspores).

Strobili (Cones)
Strobili, or cones, are the reproductive structures of gymnosperms where sporophylls are found. There are male cones that contain microsporophylls and female cones that contain megasporophylls. The male cones release pollen (containing the male gametophyte), which is carried by the wind to the female cones, leading to fertilization and the production of seeds.

Glucose is not a product of the light reactions of photosynthesis. It is produced in the Calvin cycle, which uses ATP and NADPH generated during the light reactions to fix carbon dioxide into glucose.

Artificial classification is based on morphological structures of the plant i.e. artificial classification focuses on external structure of the plants than their internal structure.

The ability to respond to environmental stimuli is indeed a fundamental characteristic of all living organisms, distinguishing them from non-living things

Bacteria are grouped under four categories based on their shapes: the spherical coccus (pl.: coccl), the rod-shaped bacillus (pi.: bacilli), the comma-shaped vibrium (pl.: vibrio) and the spiral spirillum (pl.: spirilla).

​​​​​​The Assertion (A) that eukaryotic cells have membrane-bound organelles is true.

• Eukaryotic cells, including animal cells and plant cells, have a complex structure that includes membrane-bound organelles such as the nucleus, mitochondria, endoplasmic reticulum, Golgi apparatus, lysosomes, and peroxisomes. These organelles have specialized functions and are separated from the cytoplasm by a membrane.

The Reason (R) that prokaryotic cells lack membrane-bound organelles is also true.

• Prokaryotic cells, including bacteria and archaea, have a simpler structure than eukaryotic cells and lack membrane-bound organelles. Instead, prokaryotic cells have a nucleoid region where the genetic material is located and perform many of their metabolic functions in the cytoplasm.

Therefore, Reason (R) is a correct explanation of Assertion (A), and the correct answer is B.

Golgi complex consists of a stack of cisternae which are curved to give definite polarity to the Golgi apparatus. The convex side (forming/cis face) receives vesicles from endoplasmic reticulum. The concave side (maturing /transface) buds off vesicles as secretion.

• Primary structure of protein is formed by peptide linkages between two amino acids.
• Secondary structure, i.e. α-Helix and β-Sheath, of protein is formed by hydrogen bonds.
• Tertiary structure of protein is formed by sulphide linkages between different amino acids Quaternary structure is formed when multiple chains of polypeptides held together by hydrogen bonds.

• Zygote undergoes cleavage producing an exponential increase in cell mass.
• These new daughter cells formed are called blastomeres.
• They form a blastula with a blastocoel cavity enclosed in between.

Tonoplasts are the fluid filled vacuoles or vesicles which are separatedfrom cytoplasm by a selectively permeable membrane. It help in maintaining turgidity of the cell.

Crop improvement programme is carried out to obtain crops with desired traits that may be more yields, resistance to disease, higher nutrient value etc. Two plants having desired traits are hybridized to obtain combination of desired traits.

Temperature affects the absolute size of an animal and the relative proportions of various body parts. Birds and mammals attain greater body size in cold regions than in warm areas. But poikilotherms are smaller in cold region. This is Bergman's rule. This is true because small animals have little volume but larger surface area, so if they are in cold, they lose their body heat very fast. In cold climate, reduced surface area to volume ratio is ideal.

Biogas comprises primarily methane (CH₄) and carbon dioxide (CO₂) and may have small amounts of hydrogen sulphide (H₂S), moisture and siloxanes.

Atomic number of potassium atom is 19. Its electronic configuration is 2,8,8,1 so, its valency is 1.

The turning of any liquid into vapour is called Evaporation. The factors affecting the evaporation are:

1. Temperature. As the temperature increases, the rate of evaporation also increases.

2. Surface Area. As the Surface area increases, the rate of evaporation increases.

Calcium hydride is called hydrolith because CaH₂ is a saline hydride,meaning that its structure is salt-like.

Sodium metal reacts vigorously with oxygen and water. 

Dienes are the name given to compounds with two double bonds.