Olympiad Test Level 2: Environmental Issues - Class 6 MCQ

The four major coral reefs areas identified for intensive conservation and management in India are: Gulf of Mannar, Gulf of Kutch, Lakshwadeep Islands, and Andaman and Nicobar Island.

• Acid rain refers to the precipitation with elevated levels of hydrogen ions or a low pH. When fossil fuel is burnt, some of the elements within their molecules combine with oxygen and form oxides.
• The oxide produced in a large quantity is carbon dioxide, followed by smaller quantities of Sulphur Oxides and Nitrogen Oxides which form acidic solutions when dissolved in water.
• The Acid Rains show an adverse impact on the forests, freshwaters, soil, and aquatic life forms. It also eliminates the insect life in the lakes and ponds and killing the soil organisms and thus changing the soil chemistry.

• Conservation means preservation from loss, waste, or degradation of a resource, so as to last indefinitely.
• Management of a resource is controlling the use of the resource in such a way so as to provide sustained and equitable availability. The two are important because exhaustible resources are undergoing rapid depletion.
• Lifetime of a resource is the period along the time scale up to which its availability for human use is assured on a global basis.
• Depletion time is the period along with the timescale when the availability of resources will decrease to such an extent that it is unable to meet human requirements.

• The type of climate we experience now might be prevailing over the last 10,000 years with minor and occasionally wide fluctuations.
• The planet earth has witnessed many variations in climate since the beginning.
• The causes of climate change are many, population increase, natural phenomena, terrestrial causes, biodiversity loss along with global warming.
• Human activities cause climate change by affecting the Earth’s atmosphere.
• CO₂ which is responsible for man-made global warming is highly produced by human activities.

• Carbon Monoxide is not a greenhouse gas.
• Greenhouse Effect: Solar energy is trapped by the earth's atmosphere and radiates slowly so as to cover our earth with a warm blanket.
• This is the natural process of the greenhouse effect on earth to maintain its temperature and makes the earth perfect for life.
• Greenhouse gases are carbon dioxide, other greenhouse gases are methane, water vapor, nitrous oxide, CFCs, and ozone. 

• The melting of the polar ice caps is caused by the overall increase in global temperature, and this melting can have serious consequences for all organisms on Earth. Besides being important for marine life, ice caps help regulate sea level and global temperatures.
• Not only does the melting of the ice caps increase the volume of water in the oceans, but it also decreases the salinity or salt content. 
• Polar ice caps are made of fresh water, so adding more fresh water without adding more salt makes the ocean water less saline. This can cause problems for organisms that are well adapted to the very salty ocean waters.

Chipko movement was a forest conservation movement in India where people hugged trees in order to prevent them from being cut down. This movement prevented the deforestation of many trees and thus saved a lot of forests from being destroyed by woodcutters.

As the earth's atmosphere heats up, it collects, retains, and drops more water, changing weather patterns and making wet areas wetter and dry areas drier. Higher temperatures worsen and increase the frequency of many types of disasters, including storms, floods, heat waves, and droughts.

• Carbon Monoxide (CO) is found in fumes produced any time we burn fuel in cars or trucks, small engines, stoves, lanterns, grills, fireplaces, gas ranges, or furnaces. CO can build up indoors and poison people and animals who breathe it.
• It has a greater affinity for hemoglobin than oxygen does. It displaces oxygen and quickly binds, so very little oxygen is transported through the body cells.

An ecosystem is a geographic area where plants, animals, and other organisms, as well as weather and landscapes, work together to form a bubble of life. Ecosystems contain biotic or living, parts, as well as abiotic factors, or nonliving parts. Biotic factors include plants, animals, and other organisms. Abiotic factors include rocks, temperature, and humidity.

Using less water in shower saves water and it also saves time for shower. Various methods like installation of a low-flow showerhead, turning off the tap when not using, spending less time in shower can conserve water efficiently.

Desertification is the degradation of land in arid, semi-arid, and dry sub-humid areas. It is caused primarily by human activities and climatic variations. Desertification does not refer to the expansion of existing deserts.

Recycling is the process of converting waste materials into new materials and objects. It is an alternative to "conventional" waste disposal that can save material and help lower greenhouse gas emissions. Recycling can prevent the waste of potentially useful materials and reduce the consumption of fresh raw materials, thereby reducing: energy usage, air pollution, and water pollution.

Environmental and natural resource planning combine the protection of environmental resources with community goals. These community goals could include economic development, improved government efficiency, and enhanced quality of life.

The three R’s to save the environment are reduce, reuse and recycle:

• Reduce: Reduce means we should use resources only when required and do not adopt practices that lead to their wastage. For example: We should switch off the lights and fans when not in use. In this way, we can reduce the wastage of electricity.
• Recycle: Recycling means we should collect discarded items of paper, plastic, glass, and metals, and send them to the respective industries so that can make fresh paper, plastic, glass, or metal objects from them. We can even recycle paper in our homes.
• Reuse: Reuse means that we should try and use the same things over and over again rather than discarding them after single use. For example: plastic and glass jars of jams, pickles, etc can be used later for storing items like salt, sugar, etc.