Olympiad Test Level 2: India and the World- 2 - Class 7 MCQ

In 1917, two revolutions swept through Russia, ending centuries of imperial rule and setting in motion political and social changes that would lead to the formation of the Soviet Union.

The First Roman Emperor
Answer: Augustus
Explanation:
1. Introduction:
The first Roman Emperor is a significant figure in history, marking the transition from the Roman Republic to the Roman Empire.
2. The Options:
The options given are Claudius, Augustus, Caligula, and Nero.
3. Analyzing the Options:
Let's examine each option and eliminate the incorrect ones:
- Claudius: While Claudius was a Roman Emperor, he was not the first. Therefore, this option is incorrect.
- Augustus: Augustus, originally named Octavian, was the first Roman Emperor. He ruled from 27 BC until his death in 14 AD. He played a crucial role in the establishment of the Roman Empire, bringing stability and initiating significant reforms. Therefore, this option is correct.
- Caligula: Caligula was the third Roman Emperor, succeeding Tiberius. He ruled from 37 AD until his assassination in 41 AD. He is known for his tyrannical and extravagant behavior. Therefore, this option is incorrect.
- Nero: Nero was the fifth Roman Emperor, ruling from 54 AD to 68 AD. He is infamous for his tyranny and persecution of Christians. Therefore, this option is incorrect.
4. Conclusion:
Based on the analysis, the correct answer is Augustus, who was the first Roman Emperor and played a crucial role in shaping the Roman Empire.

Olympic games, the poems of Homer, and Hellenistic culture are associated with Greek civilization.

Jainism and Tirthankaras:
Jainism is an ancient Indian religion that follows the teachings of its twenty-four spiritual leaders, known as Tirthankaras. These Tirthankaras are revered as enlightened beings who have attained liberation and serve as spiritual guides for Jain followers.
Number of Tirthankaras:
The correct answer is B: 24. Jainism recognizes a total of twenty-four Tirthankaras in its tradition. Each Tirthankara is believed to have achieved Kevala Jnana, a state of infinite knowledge and enlightenment.
Significance of the Number 24:
The number twenty-four holds great significance in Jainism. It is considered a perfect and complete number, representing the complete cycle of spiritual leaders. Each Tirthankara is associated with a specific symbol, called a lanchhana, which helps followers identify and worship them.
Teachings and Contributions:
Each Tirthankara contributes to the body of Jain philosophy and teachings. They preach the path of ahimsa (non-violence), truth, compassion, and self-discipline. Their teachings emphasize the importance of reducing attachment to worldly possessions and purifying the soul through right conduct, right knowledge, and right faith.
Names of the Twenty-Four Tirthankaras:
The twenty-four Tirthankaras in Jainism are as follows:
1. Rishabhanatha
2. Ajitanatha
3. Sambhavanatha
4. Abhinandananatha
5. Sumatinatha
6. Padmaprabha
7. Suparshvanatha
8. Chandraprabha
9. Suvidhinatha
10. Shitalanatha
11. Shreyanasanatha
12. Vasupujya
13. Vimalanatha
14. Anantanatha
15. Dharmanatha
16. Shantinatha
17. Kunthunatha
18. Aranatha
19. Mallinatha
20. Munisuvrata
21. Naminatha
22. Neminatha
23. Parshvanatha
24. Mahavira
These Tirthankaras form an integral part of Jain religious beliefs and are revered for their spiritual guidance and enlightenment.

Non-Cooperation Movement started (1920-22), Civil Disobedience Movement started (1930-34), Quit India Movement began in 1942.

The General Michael O' Dwyer was shot dead by Udham Singh.
Explanation:

• General Michael O' Dwyer was a British Indian Army officer who served as the Lieutenant Governor of Punjab during the Jallianwala Bagh Massacre in Amritsar, Punjab, India in 1919.


• The Jallianwala Bagh Massacre was a brutal incident where British troops, under the command of Brigadier General Reginald Dyer, opened fire on a crowd of unarmed Indian protesters, killing hundreds and injuring thousands.


• Udham Singh, a survivor of the Jallianwala Bagh Massacre, sought revenge for the lives lost during the incident.


• On March 13, 1940, Udham Singh assassinated General Michael O' Dwyer at a public event in London as an act of retribution for the Jallianwala Bagh Massacre.


• Udham Singh was subsequently arrested and tried for the murder of General O' Dwyer. He was convicted and executed in 1940.

Therefore, the correct answer is C: Udham Singh.

Mahatma Gandhi said the line, "I, therefore, want freedom immediately, this very night, before dawn, if it can be had."
Detailed
- The quote is attributed to Mahatma Gandhi, the great Indian leader and advocate for non-violent resistance during India's struggle for independence from British colonial rule.
- Gandhi believed in the power of peaceful protest and civil disobedience as a means to achieve freedom and justice.
- This particular quote reflects his urgency and determination for immediate freedom, emphasizing the need for action without delay.
- Gandhi's leadership and philosophy played a crucial role in mobilizing and inspiring the Indian population in their fight for independence.
- His non-violent approach and principles of truth, non-violence, and self-discipline continue to inspire people around the world today.
- Mahatma Gandhi's efforts eventually led to India's independence on August 15, 1947.