Olympiad Test Level 2: World Geography- 2 - Class 7 MCQ

Statement Analysis:
The given statements are about the Volga River in Europe. Let's analyze each statement:
I. The Volga is the largest river in Europe in terms of length, discharge, and watershed.
This statement claims that the Volga River is the largest river in Europe in terms of length, discharge, and watershed. We need to verify if this statement is correct.
II. It flows through central Russia and is widely viewed as the national river of Russia.
This statement states that the Volga River flows through central Russia and is considered as the national river of Russia. We need to verify if this statement is correct.

Analyzing each statement, we find that both statements are correct. Here's why:
- The Volga is the largest river in Europe in terms of length, discharge, and watershed.
- The Volga River is indeed the largest river in Europe in terms of length, with a total length of about 3,530 kilometers.
- In terms of discharge, the Volga River has the largest average annual discharge among European rivers.
- The Volga River also has the largest watershed area among European rivers, covering an area of about 1,380,000 square kilometers.
- It flows through central Russia and is widely viewed as the national river of Russia.
- The Volga River flows through central Russia, starting from the Valdai Hills and eventually emptying into the Caspian Sea.
- It is widely considered as the national river of Russia, holding significant cultural and historical importance.
Therefore, both statements I and II are correct.
Answer: C. Both

Sargasso Sea is a part of the North Atlantic Ocean.

The Sargasso Sea is a region of the Atlantic Ocean bounded by four currents forming an ocean gyre. It is primarily located in the western part of the North Atlantic Ocean, centered around the area between Bermuda and the Azores. Here are some key points to support this answer:

• Definition: The Sargasso Sea is a vast area of the North Atlantic Ocean that is characterized by floating mats of brown Sargassum seaweed.


• Location: It is situated in the western part of the North Atlantic Ocean, specifically between 20° and 35° North latitude and 30° and 70° West longitude.


• Bounded by currents: The Sargasso Sea is surrounded by four major ocean currents - the Gulf Stream to the west, the North Atlantic Current to the north, the Canary Current to the east, and the North Equatorial Current to the south.


• Sargasso Sea ecosystem: The Sargasso Sea is home to a unique marine ecosystem, with various species of fish, turtles, and other marine organisms. It serves as a vital spawning ground and habitat for many migratory species.

Therefore, the correct answer is A: North Atlantic Ocean.

The Pacific Ocean has most trenches or deeps.

Monsoons in Monsoon Tropical Climate Areas
The monsoons in monsoon tropical climate areas refer to the seasonal winds that bring heavy rainfall to these regions. These areas are typically located near the equator and experience high temperatures throughout the year. Let's analyze the timing of the monsoons:
1. Spring:
- Monsoons do not occur during spring in monsoon tropical climate areas.
- This season is characterized by mild temperatures and is not associated with heavy rainfall.
2. Autumn:
- Monsoons do not occur during autumn in monsoon tropical climate areas.
- Autumn is usually a transition period between the wet and dry seasons.
3. Winter:
- Monsoons do not occur during winter in monsoon tropical climate areas.
- Winter is typically a dry season in these regions.
4. Summer:
- Monsoons occur during the summer months in monsoon tropical climate areas.
- These regions experience a shift in wind patterns, with moisture-laden winds blowing from the ocean towards the land.
- This brings heavy rainfall and often leads to flooding in these areas.
Conclusion:
The correct answer is D: Summer. Monsoons in monsoon tropical climate areas occur during the summer months, characterized by heavy rainfall and a shift in wind patterns.

The Mediterranean climate is characterized by Winter rain.

Due to high temperature, a low-pressure belt is created in the equatorial region. This gives rise to convergence in the area.

Introduction:
Samarqand is an important cultural and industrial city located in Central Asia. It has a rich historical significance and has been invaded and destroyed by various conquerors throughout history.
Historical Invasions:
Samarqand has been invaded and destroyed by two notable conquerors:
1. Alexander's Invasion (329 B.C.):
- Alexander the Great invaded Samarqand in 329 B.C.
- He conquered the city and destroyed parts of it during his campaign in Central Asia.
- This invasion marked the beginning of Samarqand's encounter with foreign conquerors.
2. Chengiz Khan's Invasion (1221 A.D.):
- Chengiz Khan, the founder of the Mongol Empire, invaded Samarqand in 1221 A.D.
- The city was captured and devastated by the Mongols during their conquests.
- This invasion caused significant destruction and loss of life in Samarqand.
Location:
Samarqand is located in Uzbekistan, making it the correct answer choice (C) out of the given options.
- Uzbekistan is a country in Central Asia and Samarqand is one of its important cities.
- It is situated in the southeastern part of Uzbekistan, near the border with Tajikistan.
Conclusion:
Samarqand, an important cultural and industrial city in Central Asia, has faced invasions and destruction throughout history. It was invaded by Alexander the Great in 329 B.C. and Chengiz Khan in 1221 A.D. Samarqand is located in Uzbekistan, making it the correct answer choice (C) out of the given options.

To protect China from invaders.

Answer:
Regions that are not sparsely populated:
- Plain areas: Plain areas are generally densely populated due to their suitable conditions for agriculture, transportation, and settlement. Plains often have fertile soil, water sources, and flat terrain, making them attractive for human habitation and economic activities.
Regions that are sparsely populated:
- Desert areas: Deserts are characterized by arid conditions, limited water resources, extreme temperatures, and lack of vegetation. These factors make desert areas inhospitable for large human populations, resulting in low population densities.
- Thickly forested areas: Thickly forested areas, such as rainforests, have dense vegetation and limited infrastructure. These regions often have challenging terrain, limited access to resources, and a lack of human settlements. Consequently, the population density in such areas is generally low.
- High mountains: High mountainous regions, including rugged terrains and high altitudes, pose challenges for human habitation and economic activities. Harsh weather conditions, limited accessibility, and steep slopes make it difficult for large populations to settle in these areas. Therefore, mountainous regions tend to have low population densities.
It is important to note that population density can vary within each of these regions, and specific factors such as local resources, infrastructure development, and cultural preferences can influence population distribution.

Climate
Climate refers to an average weather pattern at a place taken over a long time. It is determined by various factors such as temperature, rainfall, humidity, wind patterns, and atmospheric conditions. Here is a detailed explanation of why option C is the correct answer:
Definition of Climate:
- Climate refers to the long-term average weather conditions of a particular region or location.
- It encompasses the average temperature, rainfall, wind patterns, humidity, and other weather elements that are observed over a long period of time, typically at least 30 years.
Explanation of the Options:
- Option A: Refers to an average temperature at a place over a long time.
- While temperature is an important component of climate, it alone does not define climate. Climate involves the average temperature as well as other weather elements.
- Option B: Refers to an average rainfall at a place over a long time.
- Similarly, rainfall is a part of climate, but it is not the sole determinant of climate. Climate takes into account various other weather patterns and elements.
- Option C: Refers to an average weather pattern at a place taken over a long time.
- This option accurately describes the concept of climate. Climate considers multiple weather elements and patterns to determine the long-term average conditions of a place.
Conclusion:
The correct answer is option C: "Refers to an average weather pattern at a place taken over a long time." Climate encompasses not only temperature and rainfall but also other weather patterns and elements that are observed over an extended period.