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NEET Exam  >  NEET Tests  >  Part Test 4 (Morphology In Flowering Plant And Cell Cycle - Tarun Sir - NEET MCQ

Part Test 4 (Morphology In Flowering Plant And Cell Cycle - Tarun Sir - NEET MCQ


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30 Questions MCQ Test - Part Test 4 (Morphology In Flowering Plant And Cell Cycle - Tarun Sir

Part Test 4 (Morphology In Flowering Plant And Cell Cycle - Tarun Sir for NEET 2024 is part of NEET preparation. The Part Test 4 (Morphology In Flowering Plant And Cell Cycle - Tarun Sir questions and answers have been prepared according to the NEET exam syllabus.The Part Test 4 (Morphology In Flowering Plant And Cell Cycle - Tarun Sir MCQs are made for NEET 2024 Exam. Find important definitions, questions, notes, meanings, examples, exercises, MCQs and online tests for Part Test 4 (Morphology In Flowering Plant And Cell Cycle - Tarun Sir below.
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Part Test 4 (Morphology In Flowering Plant And Cell Cycle - Tarun Sir - Question 1
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Consider the following features – Zygomorphic, monocarpellary , epipetalous , diadelphous, syncapous , endospermous

How many features belong to fabaceae-

Detailed Solution for Part Test 4 (Morphology In Flowering Plant And Cell Cycle - Tarun Sir - Question 1
Features of fabaceae:
- Zygomorphic: This feature refers to a flower that can be divided into two symmetrical halves only along one plane. Fabaceae flowers are zygomorphic.
- Monocarpellary: This feature refers to a flower that has only one carpel or a single female reproductive structure. Fabaceae flowers are monocarpellary.
- Epipetalous: This feature refers to stamens that are attached to the petals of a flower. Fabaceae flowers have epipetalous stamens.
- Diadelphous: This feature refers to the stamens being united by their filaments into two groups. Fabaceae flowers have diadelphous stamens.
- Syncapous: This feature refers to the carpels being fused together. Fabaceae flowers have syncapous carpels.
- Endospermous: This feature refers to the presence of endosperm, a tissue that provides nourishment to the developing embryo in the seed. Fabaceae seeds are endospermous.
Conclusion:
Out of the given features, three features belong to fabaceae - Zygomorphic, monocarpellary, and endospermous. Therefore, the correct answer is B: Three.
Part Test 4 (Morphology In Flowering Plant And Cell Cycle - Tarun Sir - Question 2
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Which of the following statement is not true -

Detailed Solution for Part Test 4 (Morphology In Flowering Plant And Cell Cycle - Tarun Sir - Question 2
Statement A:
- Fabaceae and solanaceae are both families of flowering plants.
- Pentamerous flower refers to a flower that has parts in multiples of five.
- Both fabaceae and solanaceae have flowers with five parts, so this statement is true.
Statement B:
- Soybean and petunia are both plants belonging to different families.
- Vexillary aestivation refers to the overlapping arrangement of petals in a flower bud, where one petal is external and the others are internal.
- While it is true that some plants from the fabaceae family have vexillary aestivation, petunia does not have this type of aestivation, so this statement is not true.
Statement C:
- Brassicaceae and solanaceae are both families of flowering plants.
- Bicarpellary flower refers to a flower that has two carpels or pistils.
- Both brassicaceae and solanaceae have flowers with two carpels, so this statement is true.
Statement D:
- The aleurone layer is a part of the seed that surrounds the endosperm.
- It is responsible for storing proteins and enzymes.
- The aleurone layer is situated below the seed coat and closer to the endosperm, so this statement is true.
Conclusion:
- Statement B is not true as petunia does not have vexillary aestivation.
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Part Test 4 (Morphology In Flowering Plant And Cell Cycle - Tarun Sir - Question 3
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Consider the following features- actinomorphic , alternate phyllotaxy, hypogynous , epipetalous

how many feature belong to china roese

Detailed Solution for Part Test 4 (Morphology In Flowering Plant And Cell Cycle - Tarun Sir - Question 3

The features mentioned - actinomorphic, alternate phyllotaxy, hypogynous, epipetalous - are characteristics of flowers. Now, we need to determine how many of these features belong to China rose.
Actinomorphic: This term refers to flowers that can be divided into equal halves along any radial plane.
- China rose flowers are actinomorphic, as they have radial symmetry.
Alternate Phyllotaxy: This term refers to the arrangement of leaves or branches on a stem in alternate fashion.
- China rose has alternate phyllotaxy, as its leaves are arranged in an alternate pattern along the stem.
Hypogynous: This term refers to the position of floral parts in relation to the ovary, where the sepals, petals, and stamens are attached below the ovary.
- China rose flowers are hypogynous, as the sepals, petals, and stamens are attached below the ovary.
Epipetalous: This term refers to the condition where stamens are attached to the petals.
- China rose flowers are not epipetalous, as the stamens are not attached to the petals.
Therefore, out of the given features, three (actinomorphic, alternate phyllotaxy, hypogynous) belong to China rose, and one (epipetalous) does not.
Hence, the correct answer is B: Three.
Part Test 4 (Morphology In Flowering Plant And Cell Cycle - Tarun Sir - Question 4
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Mark the wrongly matched  -
Detailed Solution for Part Test 4 (Morphology In Flowering Plant And Cell Cycle - Tarun Sir - Question 4
Explanation:
The wrongly matched option in this case is option C: Polydelphous - china rose.
- Twisted aestivation - cotton: This is a correct match. Twisted aestivation refers to the arrangement of sepals or petals in a flower bud, and it is commonly found in the cotton plant.
- Parietal placentation - Argemone: This is a correct match. Parietal placentation refers to the arrangement of ovules within the ovary, and it is commonly found in the Argemone plant.
- Polydelphous - china rose: This is the wrongly matched option. Polydelphous refers to the fusion of stamens in a flower, and it is not a characteristic of the china rose. China rose, also known as Hibiscus rosa-sinensis, has separate stamens and is not polydelphous.
- Apocarpus - rose: This is a correct match. Apocarpous refers to the condition where the carpels of a flower are separate, and it is commonly found in roses.
Therefore, the correct answer is option C: Polydelphous - china rose.
Part Test 4 (Morphology In Flowering Plant And Cell Cycle - Tarun Sir - Question 5
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Consider the following statement-

(A) In parietal placentation placenta is axial and ovules are attached to it in a multilocular ovary

(B) In valvate aestivation margins not overlap

Mark the correct statement
Detailed Solution for Part Test 4 (Morphology In Flowering Plant And Cell Cycle - Tarun Sir - Question 5

Statement A:
- Parietal placentation refers to the arrangement of ovules in the ovary.
- In parietal placentation, the placenta is located on the inner wall or periphery of the ovary.
- Ovules are attached to the placenta in a multilocular ovary, which means that the ovary is divided into multiple chambers or compartments.
- This statement is incorrect because it states that the placenta is axial, which is not true in parietal placentation.
Statement B:
- Valvate aestivation refers to the arrangement of sepals or petals in a floral bud.
- In valvate aestivation, the margins of sepals or petals do not overlap.
- This statement is correct as it accurately describes valvate aestivation.
Conclusion:
- Only statement B is correct.
- Therefore, the correct answer is option B: Only B.
Part Test 4 (Morphology In Flowering Plant And Cell Cycle - Tarun Sir - Question 6
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Mark the wrongly matched -
Detailed Solution for Part Test 4 (Morphology In Flowering Plant And Cell Cycle - Tarun Sir - Question 6

The wrongly matched option is D: Zygomorphic – mustard.
Explanation:
- Syncarpous - mustard: This is a correct match. Mustard flowers have syncarpous ovaries, which means that their ovaries are composed of fused carpels.
- Unequal stamen - mustard: This is a correct match. In mustard flowers, the stamens are unequal in length, with one pair being shorter than the other two pairs.
- Hypogynous - mustard: This is a correct match. Mustard flowers have a hypogynous ovary, which means that the ovary is positioned superior to the other floral parts.
- Zygomorphic – mustard: This is the wrongly matched option. Mustard flowers are not zygomorphic, meaning they do not have a bilateral symmetry. Instead, they have a regular actinomorphic symmetry, where all the floral parts are arranged in a radial pattern.
Therefore, option D is the wrongly matched option.
Part Test 4 (Morphology In Flowering Plant And Cell Cycle - Tarun Sir - Question 7
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Mark the incorrect statement –
Detailed Solution for Part Test 4 (Morphology In Flowering Plant And Cell Cycle - Tarun Sir - Question 7
Centriole get double in S-phase.synthesis of tubulin protein and some imp material for cell division take place in G2 phase.
Part Test 4 (Morphology In Flowering Plant And Cell Cycle - Tarun Sir - Question 8
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Most condense DNA appear in prophase 1 of meiosis 1 is-
Detailed Solution for Part Test 4 (Morphology In Flowering Plant And Cell Cycle - Tarun Sir - Question 8
Chromosomes continue to condence during all the prophase and diakinesis is the last stage of prophase. So, chromosome will be most condensed.
Part Test 4 (Morphology In Flowering Plant And Cell Cycle - Tarun Sir - Question 9
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In which of the following phase recombination nodule form –
Detailed Solution for Part Test 4 (Morphology In Flowering Plant And Cell Cycle - Tarun Sir - Question 9
Answer:
The correct phase in which recombination nodules form is Pachytene. Here's a detailed explanation:
During meiosis, the process of recombination occurs, where homologous chromosomes exchange genetic material. Recombination nodules play a crucial role in this process. They are structures that form between homologous chromosomes and facilitate the exchange of genetic material.
The different phases of meiosis are as follows:



1. Leptotene: Chromosomes condense and become visible.

2. Zygotene: Homologous chromosomes pair up and form synaptonemal complexes.

3. Pachytene: Recombination nodules form, and crossing over occurs between non-sister chromatids.

4. Diplotene: Synaptonemal complexes start to break down, and chiasmata become visible.

5. Diakinesis: Chromosomes continue to condense, and the nuclear envelope breaks down.
Out of these phases, recombination nodules form during the Pachytene phase. This is the stage where crossing over between non-sister chromatids takes place, resulting in the exchange of genetic material between homologous chromosomes. The formation of recombination nodules facilitates this genetic exchange and ensures genetic diversity in the resulting gametes.
Therefore, the correct answer is B: Pachytene.
Part Test 4 (Morphology In Flowering Plant And Cell Cycle - Tarun Sir - Question 10
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Which of the following examples not have any hypogynous flower -
Detailed Solution for Part Test 4 (Morphology In Flowering Plant And Cell Cycle - Tarun Sir - Question 10

To determine which examples do not have any hypogynous flowers, we need to understand what a hypogynous flower is. A hypogynous flower is a flower in which the gynoecium (female reproductive structure) is positioned above the attachment of other floral parts (sepals, petals, and stamens).
Let's analyze each example and identify if they have any hypogynous flowers:
A: Rose, cucumber, china rose
- Rose: Rose flowers have a superior ovary position, which means they are not hypogynous.
- Cucumber: Cucumber flowers also have a superior ovary position, so they are not hypogynous.
- China rose: China rose flowers have a superior ovary position, making them non-hypogynous.
B: Mustard, sunflower, plum
- Mustard: Mustard flowers have a superior ovary position, so they are not hypogynous.
- Sunflower: Sunflower flowers have a superior ovary position, making them non-hypogynous.
- Plum: Plum flowers have a superior ovary position, indicating they are not hypogynous.
C: Peach, potato, brinjal
- Peach: Peach flowers have a superior ovary position, so they are not hypogynous.
- Potato: Potato flowers have a superior ovary position, making them non-hypogynous.
- Brinjal: Brinjal flowers have a superior ovary position, indicating they are not hypogynous.
D: Brinjal, pea, and lily
- Brinjal: Brinjal flowers have a superior ovary position, so they are not hypogynous.
- Pea: Pea flowers have a superior ovary position, making them non-hypogynous.
- Lily: Lily flowers have a superior ovary position, indicating they are not hypogynous.
After analyzing each example, we can conclude that the correct answer is D: Brinjal, pea, and lily. These examples do not have any hypogynous flowers.
Part Test 4 (Morphology In Flowering Plant And Cell Cycle - Tarun Sir - Question 11
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Consider the following statement-

(A) Meiosis conserve specific chromosome number of each species achieved across generations in sexually reproducing organism

(B) chromosome become gradually  visible under light microscope in leptotene in meiosis

Mark the correct statement-
Detailed Solution for Part Test 4 (Morphology In Flowering Plant And Cell Cycle - Tarun Sir - Question 11
Explanation:
The correct statement is C: Both A and B.
Here is a detailed explanation for each statement:
Statement A: Meiosis conserves the specific chromosome number of each species achieved across generations in sexually reproducing organisms. This means that during meiosis, the number of chromosomes is halved, resulting in the formation of gametes (sex cells) with half the number of chromosomes compared to the parent cells. This process ensures that the specific chromosome number characteristic of each species is maintained across generations. Therefore, statement A is correct.
Statement B: Chromosomes gradually become visible under a light microscope in the leptotene stage of meiosis. The leptotene stage is the first stage of prophase I, which is the longest and most complex phase of meiosis. During leptotene, the chromosomes start to condense and become visible as thin, thread-like structures. As the cell progresses through the subsequent stages of meiosis, the chromosomes continue to condense and become more visible. Therefore, statement B is also correct.
In conclusion, both statement A and statement B are correct.
Part Test 4 (Morphology In Flowering Plant And Cell Cycle - Tarun Sir - Question 12
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Bivalent or tetrad is more clearly visible in –
Detailed Solution for Part Test 4 (Morphology In Flowering Plant And Cell Cycle - Tarun Sir - Question 12
Bivalent or tetrad is more clearly visible in Pachytene.
Explanation:
- Pachytene is a stage of meiotic prophase I, which is the stage where bivalents or tetrads are formed.
- Bivalents or tetrads are structures formed by the pairing of homologous chromosomes during meiosis.
- The bivalents or tetrads consist of two homologous chromosomes, each consisting of two sister chromatids, held together by a proteinaceous structure called the synaptonemal complex.
- During pachytene, the bivalents or tetrads become highly visible under a microscope due to the synaptonemal complex.
- The synaptonemal complex brings the homologous chromosomes into close alignment and facilitates the exchange of genetic material through a process called crossing over.
- The formation and visualization of bivalents or tetrads during pachytene is crucial for the accurate segregation of chromosomes during meiosis and the generation of genetic diversity.
- In contrast, during the earlier stages of meiotic prophase I such as leptotene and zygotene, the chromosomes are not fully paired and the bivalents or tetrads are not clearly visible.
- Diakinesis is the final stage of meiotic prophase I where the bivalents or tetrads condense further and become highly compacted, making them less visible compared to pachytene.
- Therefore, pachytene is the stage where bivalents or tetrads are most clearly visible.
Part Test 4 (Morphology In Flowering Plant And Cell Cycle - Tarun Sir - Question 13
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Which of the following example of flower not have ovary  as monocarpellary superior-
Detailed Solution for Part Test 4 (Morphology In Flowering Plant And Cell Cycle - Tarun Sir - Question 13
Answer:
Flowers with Monocarpellary Superior Ovary:
- Mango and coconut
Flowers without Monocarpellary Superior Ovary:
- Indigofera and pea
- Belladonna and sesbania
- Soybean and groundnut
Detailed Explanation:
- The question asks for an example of flowers that do not have a monocarpellary superior ovary.
- A monocarpellary superior ovary refers to a flower structure where the ovary is formed from a single carpel and is positioned above the attachment of other floral parts.
- Mango and coconut are examples of flowers that have a monocarpellary superior ovary.
- Indigofera and pea, Belladonna and sesbania, and soybean and groundnut are examples of flowers that do not have a monocarpellary superior ovary.
- Therefore, the correct answer is option C: Belladonna and sesbania.
Part Test 4 (Morphology In Flowering Plant And Cell Cycle - Tarun Sir - Question 14
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Consider the following statement-

(A)In cymose flower are borne in acropetal manner

(B) In Australian acacia petiole of leaves are photosynthetic

Mark the correct statement-
Detailed Solution for Part Test 4 (Morphology In Flowering Plant And Cell Cycle - Tarun Sir - Question 14

To determine the correct statement, let's analyze each statement individually:
Statement A: In cymose flowers are borne in an acropetal manner.
- Cymose inflorescence refers to an inflorescence where the main axis ends in a flower and the lateral branches develop in an acropetal manner, with the youngest flowers at the top.
- This statement is correct.
Statement B: In Australian acacia, the petioles of leaves are photosynthetic.
- Acacia is a genus of plants that includes many different species, including the Australian acacia.
- In some species of Acacia, the petioles (leaf stalks) are photosynthetic, meaning they can photosynthesize and produce food for the plant.
- This statement is also correct.
Therefore, the correct answer is Both A and B (option C).
Part Test 4 (Morphology In Flowering Plant And Cell Cycle - Tarun Sir - Question 15
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Underground stem give oblique branch in all except-
Detailed Solution for Part Test 4 (Morphology In Flowering Plant And Cell Cycle - Tarun Sir - Question 15
Underground stem giving oblique branches:
- Banana: Underground stem of a banana plant does not give oblique branches.
- Pineapple: Underground stem of a pineapple plant gives oblique branches.
- Strawberry: Underground stem of a strawberry plant does not give oblique branches.
- Chrysanthemum: Underground stem of a chrysanthemum plant gives oblique branches.
Detailed solution:
Underground stems are modified stems that grow horizontally below the ground. They serve various functions such as storage of food, vegetative propagation, and survival during unfavorable conditions. Some underground stems produce oblique branches, which are lateral branches that emerge from the main stem at an angle.
Let's analyze each option to determine whether the underground stem gives oblique branches or not:
- Banana: The underground stem of a banana plant is called a rhizome. It does not produce oblique branches. Instead, it gives rise to new suckers or shoots from the base of the plant.
- Pineapple: The underground stem of a pineapple plant is also a rhizome. It produces oblique branches, which are known as slips. These slips grow at an angle from the main stem and develop into new pineapple plants.
- Strawberry: The underground stem of a strawberry plant is called a stolon. It does not produce oblique branches. Instead, it gives rise to new daughter plants at the nodes, which eventually develop into independent plants.
- Chrysanthemum: The underground stem of a chrysanthemum plant is a rhizome. It produces oblique branches, which grow at an angle from the main stem and give rise to new shoots.
Therefore, the correct answer is option C: Strawberry. The underground stem of a strawberry plant does not give oblique branches.
Part Test 4 (Morphology In Flowering Plant And Cell Cycle - Tarun Sir - Question 16
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Mark the wrongly matched -
Detailed Solution for Part Test 4 (Morphology In Flowering Plant And Cell Cycle - Tarun Sir - Question 16
Explanation:
The correct match for each term is as follows:
- Offset: pistia
- Pistia is a type of aquatic plant that reproduces through offsets, which are small plantlets that grow from the main plant.
- Stolon: strawberry
- Stolons are horizontal stems that grow above the ground and produce new plants at nodes. Strawberries reproduce through stolons, also known as runners.
- Runner: grasses
- Grasses reproduce through runners, which are long, horizontal stems that grow above the ground and produce new plants at nodes.
- Rhizome: banana
- Bananas do not reproduce through rhizomes. Rhizomes are underground stems that grow horizontally and give rise to new plants at nodes.
Therefore, the wrongly matched pair is B: Stolon - strawberry. Strawberries reproduce through stolons, not pistia plants.
Part Test 4 (Morphology In Flowering Plant And Cell Cycle - Tarun Sir - Question 17
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In which type of cell Amount of DNA is half to the amount of DNA present in normal somatic cell in G0 phase
Detailed Solution for Part Test 4 (Morphology In Flowering Plant And Cell Cycle - Tarun Sir - Question 17
Answer:
The type of cell in which the amount of DNA is half the amount of DNA present in a normal somatic cell in G0 phase is the Synergids.
Explanation:
- Synergids are a type of female gametophytic cell found in the ovule of flowering plants.
- During the G0 phase of the cell cycle, cells are in a quiescent or non-dividing state.
- In a normal somatic cell, the amount of DNA is diploid, meaning it contains two sets of chromosomes.
- However, in the Synergids, the amount of DNA is halved compared to a normal somatic cell.
- This is because during the formation of female gametes, a process called meiosis occurs, which results in the halving of the DNA content.
- Meiosis involves two rounds of cell division, resulting in the formation of four haploid cells.
- These haploid cells, including the Synergids, contain half the amount of DNA as compared to a normal somatic cell.
- The reduction in DNA content is necessary for the fusion of the male and female gametes during fertilization, which restores the diploid DNA content in the resulting zygote.
Therefore, the correct answer is C: Synergids.
Part Test 4 (Morphology In Flowering Plant And Cell Cycle - Tarun Sir - Question 18
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Which is incorrect statement-
Detailed Solution for Part Test 4 (Morphology In Flowering Plant And Cell Cycle - Tarun Sir - Question 18

The incorrect statement among the given options is C: "Thorns are modification of axillary bud, which is non-woody."
Explanation:
- A: Stem tendril is a correct statement as it is indeed a modification of the axillary bud. Tendrils are slender, coiling structures that help climbing plants to attach to supports and aid in climbing.
- B: Stem tendril is present in cucumber and grapevine. Both cucumber and grapevine have specialized stem tendrils that help them climb and support their growth.
- C: Thorns are not a modification of the axillary bud. Thorns are modified branches or stem structures that arise from the axils of leaves. They are pointed, woody structures that serve as a defense mechanism for plants.
- D: Some stems perform various functions such as storage of food, support, protection, and vegetative propagation. Stems can store nutrients, provide structural support to the plant, protect delicate parts, and have the ability to produce adventitious roots for vegetative propagation.
Therefore, the incorrect statement is C: "Thorns are modification of axillary bud, which is non-woody."
Part Test 4 (Morphology In Flowering Plant And Cell Cycle - Tarun Sir - Question 19
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Which of the following is correctly matched-
Detailed Solution for Part Test 4 (Morphology In Flowering Plant And Cell Cycle - Tarun Sir - Question 19

The correctly matched option is C, which states that axile placentation is found in lemon, china rose, and tomato. Let's understand the correct matches for each option:
Option A:
Opposite phyllotaxy refers to the arrangement of leaves on the stem in pairs at each node, with each pair located at 180 degrees to each other. This arrangement is found in plants like guava and hibiscus, not calotropis and china rose. Therefore, option A is incorrect.
Option B:
Twisted aestivation refers to the arrangement of petals in a floral bud. Cotton, lady finger, and pea all exhibit twisted aestivation, where the petals overlap each other in a spiral manner. Hence, option B is correct.
Option C:
Axile placentation refers to the arrangement of ovules along the central axis of the ovary. This type of placentation is observed in plants like lemon, china rose, and tomato. Therefore, option C is correct.
Option D:
Vexillary aestivation, also known as papilionaceous aestivation, is found in pea family (Fabaceae) plants. Sesbania, tobacco, and trifolium belong to the Fabaceae family and exhibit vexillary aestivation. Hence, option D is correct.
In conclusion, the correct match is option C, where axile placentation is found in lemon, china rose, and tomato.
Part Test 4 (Morphology In Flowering Plant And Cell Cycle - Tarun Sir - Question 20
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Mark the wrongly matched -
Detailed Solution for Part Test 4 (Morphology In Flowering Plant And Cell Cycle - Tarun Sir - Question 20
Mark the wrongly matched:

  • A: Cymose - Solanum

  • B: Epipetalous - Aloe

  • C: Endospermous - Chilli

  • D: Diadelphous - Petunia (Wrongly matched)


Detailed
The wrongly matched option is D, which is "Diadelphous - Petunia". Let's explain the correct matches for the other options:

  • A: Cymose - Solanum: This match is correct. Solanum is a genus of flowering plants, and cymose inflorescence is a characteristic feature of some species within this genus.

  • B: Epipetalous - Aloe: This match is correct. Epipetalous refers to the stamens being attached to the petals of a flower, and Aloe plants do have epipetalous stamens.

  • C: Endospermous - Chilli: This match is correct. Chilli is a fruit that possesses endosperm, which is the nutritive tissue surrounding the embryo.


Therefore, the correct option is D, as Diadelphous is not a characteristic feature of Petunia plants. Diadelphous refers to the stamens being fused together to form two groups, and this feature is not present in Petunia plants.
Part Test 4 (Morphology In Flowering Plant And Cell Cycle - Tarun Sir - Question 21
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Cell of vascular cambium, which is true
Detailed Solution for Part Test 4 (Morphology In Flowering Plant And Cell Cycle - Tarun Sir - Question 21
Cell of vascular cambium, which is true
A: Never undergo meiosis
- The cells of vascular cambium are meristematic cells and they continuously divide to produce new cells for secondary growth in plants.
- Meiosis is a type of cell division that occurs in reproductive cells to produce gametes (sex cells) with half the number of chromosomes.
- The cells of vascular cambium do not undergo meiosis as they are not involved in reproductive processes.
B: Show ploidy always 2n
- Ploidy refers to the number of sets of chromosomes in a cell.
- The cells of vascular cambium are diploid, meaning they have two sets of chromosomes (2n).
- During mitotic division, the cells of vascular cambium replicate their chromosomes and divide to produce two daughter cells with the same ploidy (2n).
C: Amount of DNA varies between 2c to 4c
- The amount of DNA in a cell is represented by the term "C" value.
- The cells of vascular cambium have a variable amount of DNA, ranging from 2C to 4C.
- This variability in DNA content is due to the replication of chromosomes during the cell cycle.
D: All of the above
- All the statements mentioned above are true regarding the cells of vascular cambium.
- The cells of vascular cambium never undergo meiosis, show a consistent ploidy level of 2n, and have a variable amount of DNA ranging from 2C to 4C.
In conclusion, option D, "All of the above," is the correct answer. The cells of vascular cambium never undergo meiosis, show a ploidy level of 2n, and have a variable amount of DNA ranging from 2C to 4C.
Part Test 4 (Morphology In Flowering Plant And Cell Cycle - Tarun Sir - Question 22
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In a cell cycle from G1 to G2 all occur except-
Detailed Solution for Part Test 4 (Morphology In Flowering Plant And Cell Cycle - Tarun Sir - Question 22
Cell Cycle: G1 to G2
In the cell cycle, there are several events that occur from G1 phase to G2 phase. Let's examine each option to determine which one does not occur during this transition.
Option A: Amount increase from 2c to 4c
- During the S phase of the cell cycle, DNA synthesis occurs, resulting in the replication of the genetic material.
- This leads to the formation of two identical copies of each chromosome, known as sister chromatids.
- As a result, the amount of DNA in the cell doubles from 2c (2 copies) to 4c (4 copies).
- Therefore, this event does occur during the transition from G1 to G2.
Option B: Number of chromatids per chromosome doubles
- As mentioned earlier, DNA replication during the S phase results in the formation of sister chromatids.
- Each chromosome consists of two sister chromatids, which are held together by a centromere.
- Therefore, the number of chromatids per chromosome does double during the cell cycle progression from G1 to G2.
- This event does occur during this transition.
Option C: Centriole if present gets doubles
- Centrioles are small cylindrical structures found near the nucleus of animal cells.
- They play a crucial role in cell division by forming the spindle fibers that help separate the chromosomes during mitosis.
- In the G1 phase, a single pair of centrioles is present in the cell.
- However, during the cell cycle progression, the centrioles replicate, resulting in the formation of two pairs of centrioles.
- Therefore, the number of centrioles does double during the transition from G1 to G2.
- This event does occur during this transition.
Option D: Number of chromosomes get doubles
- This option is incorrect. The number of chromosomes does not double during the transition from G1 to G2.
- In the G1 phase, the cell has a diploid number of chromosomes, which is the normal number of chromosomes for that particular species.
- During DNA replication in the S phase, the number of chromosomes remains the same, but the number of chromatids per chromosome doubles.
- Therefore, the correct answer is option D - the number of chromosomes does not double during this transition.
In summary, during the cell cycle from G1 to G2, the amount of DNA doubles, the number of chromatids per chromosome doubles, and the number of centrioles doubles. However, the number of chromosomes remains the same.
Part Test 4 (Morphology In Flowering Plant And Cell Cycle - Tarun Sir - Question 23
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Transition from prophase to metaphase is marked by-
Detailed Solution for Part Test 4 (Morphology In Flowering Plant And Cell Cycle - Tarun Sir - Question 23
Transition from prophase to metaphase is marked by:

  1. Nucleolus disintegrate: This is not a specific event that marks the transition from prophase to metaphase. The nucleolus disintegrates during late prophase.

  2. Disintegration of nuclear envelop: This is the correct answer. During prophase, the nuclear envelope breaks down into small vesicles and disappears, allowing the chromosomes to be released into the cytoplasm.

  3. Initiation of mitotic spindle assembly: The mitotic spindle begins to form during prophase, not specifically during the transition to metaphase.

  4. Completion of chromosome condensation: Chromosome condensation occurs during early prophase and continues into late prophase. It is not specifically completed during the transition to metaphase.


Therefore, the correct answer is B: Disintegration of nuclear envelop. This event allows the chromosomes to become fully exposed and ready for alignment at the metaphase plate during metaphase.
Part Test 4 (Morphology In Flowering Plant And Cell Cycle - Tarun Sir - Question 24
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Which is incorrect statement –
Detailed Solution for Part Test 4 (Morphology In Flowering Plant And Cell Cycle - Tarun Sir - Question 24
Incorrect Statement: D: Before Meiosis II some cells show short S-phase.
Explanation:
Meiosis is a type of cell division that occurs in sexually reproducing organisms to produce haploid gametes (sperm and eggs). The process of meiosis involves two divisions, Meiosis I and Meiosis II.
Here's a detailed explanation of each statement and why statement D is incorrect:
A: In metaphase, one chromatid of each chromosome is connected by its kinetochore to spindle fibers:
- During metaphase of meiosis I, homologous chromosomes pair up and align at the equator of the cell. Each chromosome is composed of two sister chromatids connected by a centromere.
- The kinetochore, a protein structure, is located at the centromere of each chromatid. It attaches to spindle fibers, which are responsible for moving the chromosomes during cell division.
- This statement is correct.
B: In anaphase, two daughter chromatids are referred to as chromosomes:
- During anaphase of meiosis I, the homologous chromosomes separate and move to opposite poles of the cell. Each chromosome is still composed of two sister chromatids.
- It is in anaphase II of meiosis, where the sister chromatids separate and are referred to as individual chromosomes.
- This statement is incorrect as it refers to anaphase II instead of anaphase I.
C: Meiosis I is initiated in a cell that has undergone S-phase already:
- S-phase is a phase of the cell cycle where DNA replication occurs. It is during this phase that each chromosome is duplicated to form sister chromatids.
- Meiosis I is initiated in a cell that has already undergone S-phase to ensure that each chromosome has a pair of sister chromatids, which will be separated during the subsequent divisions.
- This statement is correct.
D: Before Meiosis II, some cells show a short S-phase:
- Before entering meiosis II, the cells do not undergo DNA replication or S-phase again. The DNA has already been replicated during S-phase prior to entering meiosis I.
- Meiosis II is a continuation of the divisions that occur after meiosis I, and there is no need for another round of DNA replication.
- This statement is incorrect as it suggests that cells undergo a short S-phase before meiosis II, which is not the case.
In conclusion, statement D is incorrect because cells do not show a short S-phase before entering meiosis II. The DNA replication and S-phase occur prior to meiosis I, and meiosis II is a continuation of the divisions without DNA replication.
Part Test 4 (Morphology In Flowering Plant And Cell Cycle - Tarun Sir - Question 25
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Which of the following have non-endospermous seed-
Detailed Solution for Part Test 4 (Morphology In Flowering Plant And Cell Cycle - Tarun Sir - Question 25
Non-endospermous seed:
- Non-endospermous seeds are seeds that do not have endosperm, which is a tissue that stores nutrients for the developing embryo.
- These seeds rely on the cotyledons (seed leaves) to provide nutrients to the growing embryo.
Options:
A: Castor and maize
- Both castor and maize have endospermous seeds, so they are not the correct answer.
B: Soyabean and Aloe
- Soyabean seeds have endosperm, so it is not the correct answer.
- Aloe seeds are non-endospermous, which means they rely on the cotyledons for nutrition. Therefore, this option could be the correct answer.
C: Indigofera and tomato
- Indigofera seeds have endosperm, so it is not the correct answer.
- Tomato seeds are non-endospermous, as they rely on the cotyledons for nutrition. Therefore, this option could be the correct answer.
D: Sesbania and orchids
- Sesbania seeds have endosperm, so it is not the correct answer.
- Orchid seeds are non-endospermous, as they rely on the cotyledons for nutrition. Therefore, this option could be the correct answer.
Answer:
The correct answer is option D, which includes Sesbania and orchids as plants with non-endospermous seeds.
Part Test 4 (Morphology In Flowering Plant And Cell Cycle - Tarun Sir - Question 26
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Consider the following statement-

(A) In maize seed coat is membranous and generally fuses with the fruit wall

(B) In both mango and coconut mesocarp is edible

Mark the correct statement-
Detailed Solution for Part Test 4 (Morphology In Flowering Plant And Cell Cycle - Tarun Sir - Question 26
Explanation:
Statement A: In maize seed coat is membranous and generally fuses with the fruit wall.
- The seed coat of maize is indeed membranous.
- It generally fuses with the fruit wall, which means it becomes a part of the fruit.
Statement B: In both mango and coconut mesocarp is edible.
- The mesocarp of both mango and coconut is indeed edible.
- Mesocarp refers to the middle layer of the fruit, which is typically fleshy and edible.
Conclusion:
- Statement A is correct as it accurately describes the characteristics of maize seed coat.
- Statement B is also correct as it accurately states that the mesocarp of both mango and coconut is edible.
- Therefore, the correct answer is option C - Both A and B.
Part Test 4 (Morphology In Flowering Plant And Cell Cycle - Tarun Sir - Question 27
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Consider the following features - epipetalous, pentamerous, hypogynous, actinomorphic, bisexual , syncarpous , tricarpellary , superior ovary, vexillary , racemose, cymose , glabrous- Maximum features match with-
Detailed Solution for Part Test 4 (Morphology In Flowering Plant And Cell Cycle - Tarun Sir - Question 27
Features and Matching Family

  • Epipetalous: Refers to stamens that are attached to the petals.

  • Pentamerous: Refers to floral parts in multiples of five.

  • Hypogynous: Refers to a flower with the ovary positioned below the other floral parts.

  • Actinomorphic: Refers to a flower with radial symmetry, where any vertical cut through the center of the flower will result in two identical halves.

  • Bisexual: Refers to a flower that has both male and female reproductive structures.

  • Syncarpous: Refers to a compound ovary where the carpels are fused together.

  • Tricarpellary: Refers to a flower with three carpels.

  • Superior ovary: Refers to an ovary that is positioned above the attachment of other floral parts.

  • Vexillary: Refers to a flower with petals arranged in a way that one petal is larger and external to the others.

  • Racemose: Refers to an inflorescence where the flowers are arranged in a raceme, a type of unbranched indeterminate cluster.

  • Cymose: Refers to an inflorescence where the flowers are arranged in a cyme, a type of determinate cluster with a terminal flower.

  • Glabrous: Refers to a plant or flower that is smooth and hairless.


Matching Family
Based on the given features, the family that matches the maximum features is Solanaceae (Option B). Solanaceae is known as the nightshade family and consists of various plants, including tomatoes, potatoes, and bell peppers.
Part Test 4 (Morphology In Flowering Plant And Cell Cycle - Tarun Sir - Question 28
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Few examples are given -  Watermelon, china rose, petunia, indigofera, pea, aloe, gloriosa, Mustard, brinjal, rose, plum,peach , guava,  sunflower- how many are hypogynous-
Detailed Solution for Part Test 4 (Morphology In Flowering Plant And Cell Cycle - Tarun Sir - Question 28
Answer:
Hypogynous Flowers:
- Watermelon
- China rose
- Petunia
- Indigofera
- Pea
- Aloe
- Gloriosa
- Mustard
- Brinjal
Total: Nine flowers are hypogynous.
Part Test 4 (Morphology In Flowering Plant And Cell Cycle - Tarun Sir - Question 29
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Mark the wrongly matched -
Detailed Solution for Part Test 4 (Morphology In Flowering Plant And Cell Cycle - Tarun Sir - Question 29

Incorrectly matched: D. leptotene - longest phase of prophase 1
Explanation:
Leptotene is the first phase of prophase 1 in meiosis, and it is not the longest phase. The correct order of the phases in prophase 1 is leptotene, zygotene, pachytene, diplotene, and diakinesis.
Here is a breakdown of the correct matches:
A. Amount 4c – G2 phase: This is a correct match. The G2 phase of the cell cycle is when the cell prepares for mitosis or meiosis by synthesizing proteins and replicating its DNA, resulting in a 4c amount of DNA.
B. Diplotene - chiasmata: This is a correct match. Diplotene is the stage in prophase 1 where homologous chromosomes begin to separate, and chiasmata (crossing over points) become visible.
C. Pachytene - recombinase: This is a correct match. Pachytene is the stage in prophase 1 where genetic recombination occurs, facilitated by the enzyme recombinase.
Therefore, the correct answer is D.
Part Test 4 (Morphology In Flowering Plant And Cell Cycle - Tarun Sir - Question 30
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Which of the following is feature present only in fabaceae and not in solanaceae or in liliaceae-
Detailed Solution for Part Test 4 (Morphology In Flowering Plant And Cell Cycle - Tarun Sir - Question 30
Analysis:
To determine the feature present only in Fabaceae and not in Solanaceae or Liliaceae, we need to compare the characteristics of these plant families.
Fabaceae: Also known as the legume family, Fabaceae is characterized by its unique flower structure and fruit type.
Solanaceae: Solanaceae, also known as the nightshade family, includes plants such as tomatoes, potatoes, and peppers.
Liliaceae: Liliaceae is the family of true lilies, which includes plants like tulips, lilies, and onions.
Comparison:
To identify the feature unique to Fabaceae, we can analyze the given options.
A: Endospermous and vexillary: Endospermous means having endosperm, which is a nutritive tissue in the seed. Vexillary refers to a specific type of flower arrangement where the largest petal overlaps the others. This feature is not exclusive to Fabaceae.
B: Pentamerous and vexillary: Pentamerous means having floral parts in multiples of 5. This feature is not exclusive to Fabaceae.
C: Vexillary and non-endospermous: This option states that Fabaceae has flowers with a vexillary arrangement, and they do not have endosperm. This feature is unique to Fabaceae.
D: Vexillary and hypogynous: Hypogynous refers to a flower with the ovary positioned below the other floral parts. This feature is not exclusive to Fabaceae.
Conclusion:
From the given options, it can be concluded that the feature present only in Fabaceae and not in Solanaceae or Liliaceae is vexillary and non-endospermous.
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