Political Parties - Olympiad Level MCQ, Class 10 SST - Class 10 MCQ

Answer:

A country which has a democratic form of government since its independence is India.

Here are the reasons why India has had a democratic form of government since its independence:

• Constitution: India adopted a democratic constitution in 1950, which established the country as a sovereign, socialist, secular, and democratic republic.


• Universal Adult Suffrage: The constitution of India grants the right to vote to all adult citizens, regardless of caste, creed, religion, or gender.


• Regular Elections: India conducts regular elections at various levels, including parliamentary, state assembly, and local body elections, to choose leaders and representatives.


• Multi-party System: India has a multi-party system, which allows for a diverse range of political parties to participate in elections and form governments.


• Rule of Law: India follows the principle of the rule of law, where no individual or institution is above the law, and all citizens are equal before the law.


• Independent Judiciary: India has an independent judiciary that safeguards the rights and freedoms of the citizens and ensures the proper functioning of democracy.


• Freedom of Speech and Expression: India guarantees freedom of speech and expression, allowing individuals to voice their opinions and participate in public discourse.


• Protection of Fundamental Rights: The constitution of India enshrines fundamental rights and freedoms for its citizens, protecting their individual liberties.

These factors have contributed to India's successful democratic governance since its independence in 1947.

The Bahujan Samaj Party stands for the cause of:

• Securing the interest of the oppressed people: The Bahujan Samaj Party is a political party in India that primarily represents the interests of the Bahujan Samaj, which includes marginalized and oppressed communities such as Dalits, Scheduled Castes, Scheduled Tribes, and Other Backward Classes. The party aims to fight against social discrimination, injustice, and inequality faced by these communities.

The answer to the question is option A: securing the interest of the oppressed people.

Answer:
The political party that exposed secularism and welfare of weaker sections and minorities is the Bahujan Samaj Party (BSP).
Explanation:
The BSP is a political party in India that primarily represents the interests of the Scheduled Castes, Scheduled Tribes, and Other Backward Classes. It is known for its focus on social justice and inclusive governance. Here's a breakdown of how the BSP aligns with the criteria mentioned:
- Secularism: The BSP follows the principle of secularism, which means it supports equal treatment and opportunity for people of all religions and beliefs. It promotes a secular state where religion does not play a role in governance.
- Welfare of weaker sections: The BSP aims to uplift the weaker sections of society, including Scheduled Castes, Scheduled Tribes, and Other Backward Classes. It focuses on providing them with social welfare benefits, reservations in education and employment, and other measures to improve their socio-economic conditions.
- Welfare of minorities: The BSP also advocates for the welfare of religious and linguistic minorities in India. It supports policies that protect their rights and ensure their equal participation in society.
Therefore, the Bahujan Samaj Party (BSP) is the political party that aligns with the mentioned criteria of exposing secularism and welfare of weaker sections and minorities.

The guiding philosophy of the Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP) is "Integral Humanism."
Integral Humanism:
- Integral Humanism is a socio-political philosophy that was developed by Pandit Deendayal Upadhyaya, one of the founding members of the BJP.
- It emphasizes the concept of "Antyodaya," which means uplifting the last person in society and ensuring their well-being.
- The philosophy promotes the idea of a self-reliant nation where every individual has the opportunity to fulfill their potential and contribute to the development of the country.
- It emphasizes the integration of the spiritual, cultural, and material dimensions of human life.
- Integral Humanism seeks to strike a balance between individual rights and social responsibilities.
- It advocates for a decentralized political structure and encourages the participation of local communities in decision-making processes.
Other Options:
- Bahujan Samaj: This term refers to the majority of the population, including marginalized communities. While the BJP aims to work for the welfare of all sections of society, its guiding philosophy goes beyond a specific social group.
- Revolutionary Democracy: This term is not directly associated with the BJP's guiding philosophy.
- Modernity: While the BJP promotes development and progress, its guiding philosophy of Integral Humanism encompasses a broader perspective that includes spiritual and cultural aspects of human life.

Which one of the following is not a national political party?

[2011 (T-2)]

Options:

• A: Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP)


• B: Communist Party of India (CPI)


• C: Bahujan Samaj Party (BSP)


• D: Samajwadi Party (SP)

Answer: D

Detailed

• Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP): BJP is a national political party in India.


• Communist Party of India (CPI): CPI is a national political party in India.


• Bahujan Samaj Party (BSP): BSP is a national political party in India.


• Samajwadi Party (SP): SP is a national political party in India.

Therefore, the correct answer is D: Samajwadi Party (SP), which is not a national political party.

The term "partisan" can have different meanings depending on the context in which it is used. In the given question, the correct definition of "partisan" is option C: A person who is strongly committed to a party.
Here is a detailed explanation of each option:
A. Party which runs the government:
- This option is incorrect because a partisan is not necessarily a party that runs the government. A partisan refers to an individual who supports and is loyal to a particular political party, regardless of whether that party is in power or not.
B. Affair of the state or the science of government:
- This option is incorrect because it provides the definition of the term "politics" rather than "partisan". Partisan refers specifically to a person's strong allegiance to a political party, not the broader concept of politics or governance.
C. A person who is strongly committed to a party:
- This option is correct. A partisan is an individual who strongly supports and is loyal to a particular political party. Partisans are often actively involved in party activities, campaigns, and promoting the party's agenda.
D. A group of people who come together to promote common beliefs:
- This option is incorrect because it defines the term "interest group" or "advocacy group" rather than "partisan". An interest group is a collective of individuals who come together to promote common beliefs or interests, but it is not synonymous with being a partisan.
In conclusion, the correct definition of "partisan" in the given question is option C: A person who is strongly committed to a party.

The USA and UK are examples of a two-party system

A two-party system is a political system where two major political parties dominate the political landscape. In such a system, the majority of elected offices are held by candidates from these two parties. The USA and UK are prime examples of countries with a two-party system.

Here is a detailed explanation of why the USA and UK fall into the category of a two-party system:

USA:
- The two major parties in the USA are the Democratic Party and the Republican Party.
- These two parties have dominated the political scene for a long time, with very few instances of third-party candidates winning significant elections.
- Most elected offices, including the presidency, are held by members of either the Democratic or Republican Party.
- The two-party system in the USA is deeply rooted in the country's historical and constitutional foundations.
UK:
- The two major parties in the UK are the Conservative Party and the Labour Party.
- Similar to the USA, these two parties have a long-standing dominance in British politics.
- The political system in the UK is structured around the two-party system, with the Prime Minister being chosen from either the Conservatives or Labour.
- While there are smaller parties in the UK, they have a limited impact on the overall political landscape.
Overall, the USA and UK are examples of a two-party system, where the political power is concentrated within two major parties. This system has advantages and disadvantages, and it shapes the dynamics of elections, governance, and policy-making in these countries.

Answer:
The correct answer is A: India. India has a multi-party system, meaning that there are multiple political parties that compete for power and representation in the government. Here are some key points to support this answer:
- India has a parliamentary form of government, which allows for the existence of multiple political parties.
- The political landscape in India is characterized by the presence of several national and regional parties.
- The two major national parties in India are the Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP) and the Indian National Congress (INC), but there are also numerous other parties with significant representation.
- These parties compete against each other in elections at various levels, including national, state, and local elections.
- The multi-party system in India allows for a diverse range of political opinions and ideologies to be represented in the government.
- This system also promotes checks and balances, as no single party can dominate the political landscape completely.
In contrast, countries like China (B) have a single-party system, where the Communist Party of China is the only political party allowed to rule. The United States of America (C) and the United Kingdom (D) have a two-party system, with the Democratic and Republican parties in the USA and the Conservative and Labour parties in the UK being the dominant parties.

Recognition to Political Parties in India

Political parties in India are recognized by the Election Commission of India. The Election Commission is an autonomous constitutional authority responsible for the conduct of elections in the country. It plays a crucial role in the recognition and regulation of political parties.

Election Commission of India:

• The Election Commission of India is responsible for granting recognition to political parties in India.


• It ensures that political parties meet certain criteria and fulfill legal obligations to be recognized.


• The recognition by the Election Commission is essential for political parties to contest elections and enjoy certain privileges and benefits.


• The Election Commission monitors the functioning and financial transparency of political parties.


• It also regulates the conduct of elections, including the allotment of symbols to political parties.

Other Options:

• Speaker of Lok Sabha: The Speaker of Lok Sabha does not have the authority to grant recognition to political parties. The Speaker's role is to preside over the proceedings of the Lok Sabha and maintain order.


• President of India: The President of India does not grant recognition to political parties. The President's role is mainly ceremonial, and the recognition of political parties is not within their purview.


• Supreme Court: The Supreme Court of India does not have the authority to grant recognition to political parties. The Supreme Court's role is to interpret the Constitution and ensure the protection of fundamental rights.

Therefore, the correct answer is option D: Election Commission of India.

Single-Party System

A single-party system is a political system in which only one political party is allowed to exist and hold power. In such a system, the ruling party typically dominates all aspects of governance and decision-making.

Countries with Single-Party Systems

Among the given options, the country with a single-party system is:

• China

Explanation:

• Pakistan: Pakistan does not have a single-party system. It operates under a multi-party parliamentary system.


• Nepal: Nepal does not have a single-party system. It operates under a multi-party federal democratic republic system.


• China: China has a single-party system where the Communist Party of China (CPC) is the only ruling party. It exercises complete control over the government and all major institutions.


• Bangladesh: Bangladesh does not have a single-party system. It operates under a multi-party parliamentary democracy.

Therefore, the correct answer is China.

Explanation:
The correct answer is option D, BAMCEF, as it is not a political party. The other options mentioned in the question are all political parties in India.
- BJP: Bharatiya Janata Party, also known as BJP, is one of the major political parties in India. It is a right-wing party and currently holds power at the central government level.
- INC: Indian National Congress, also known as INC, is another major political party in India. It is a left-leaning party and has a long history in the country's politics.
- BSP: Bahujan Samaj Party, also known as BSP, is a regional political party in India. It primarily represents the interests of the Bahujan Samaj, which includes Scheduled Castes, Scheduled Tribes, and Other Backward Classes.
- BAMCEF: BAMCEF stands for the Backward and Minority Communities Employees Federation. It is a social organization that works for the upliftment and empowerment of backward and minority communities. However, it is not a political party.
Therefore, the correct answer is option D, BAMCEF, as it is not a political party.

Founder of the BahujanSamaj Party

• Founder: Kansi Ram


• Options:




• A: Kansi Ram


• B: Mayawati


• C: Bal Thakeray


• D: Jayalalita




• Correct Answer: A

The founder of the BahujanSamaj Party is Kansi Ram. He established the party with the aim of representing and advocating for the rights of the Bahujan Samaj, which includes Scheduled Castes (SC), Scheduled Tribes (ST), Other Backward Classes (OBC), and religious minorities.

Explanation:
An alliance is formed when parties join together for the purpose of contesting elections and winning power in hands. Here is a detailed explanation:
Definition of an alliance:
- An alliance refers to a coalition or a partnership formed between political parties or groups with the goal of achieving a common objective, usually to gain political power.
Formation of an alliance:
- Political parties join together to form an alliance when they realize that they have common interests or goals that can be better achieved by working together.
Purpose of forming an alliance:
- Contesting elections: Parties join forces to increase their chances of winning elections by pooling their resources, support base, and expertise.
- Gaining power: The primary objective of forming an alliance is to acquire political power and influence by combining their strengths and reaching a wider voter base.
Types of alliances:
- Pre-poll alliance: When parties form an alliance before the elections and contest the elections together as a united front.
- Post-poll alliance: When parties form an alliance after the elections, usually to form a coalition government when no single party has a majority.
Advantages of forming an alliance:
- Increased chances of winning elections: By joining forces, parties can consolidate their support base and resources, making them more competitive in elections.
- Pooling of expertise: Parties can bring together their expertise and experience to develop a stronger campaign strategy and policy framework.
- Increased bargaining power: An alliance can negotiate better terms and conditions with other parties or stakeholders, especially in a coalition government scenario.
Examples of alliances:
- United Progressive Alliance (UPA) in India: The UPA is an alliance of political parties that came together to form the government at the national level.
- National Democratic Alliance (NDA) in India: The NDA is another alliance of political parties that formed the government at the national level.
In conclusion, an alliance is formed when parties join together for the purpose of contesting elections and winning power in hands. It allows parties to combine their resources, support base, and expertise to increase their chances of success in elections and achieve their common goals.

Explanation:
The condition for a political party to be recognized as a national party is:
A: It must secure at least 6 percent of total votes in Lok Sabha elections or Assembly elections in four states.
- This condition states that a political party must secure a minimum of 6 percent of the total votes in either Lok Sabha elections or Assembly elections in four states.
- This indicates that the party has a significant level of support across multiple states, making it eligible for national party recognition.
B: It must win at least 4 seats in the Lok Sabha
- This condition states that a political party must win a minimum of 4 seats in the Lok Sabha, the lower house of the Parliament of India.
- Winning seats in the Lok Sabha demonstrates that the party has a tangible presence at the national level, making it eligible for national party recognition.
C: Both of these
- The correct answer is option C, as a political party must fulfill both conditions mentioned above to be recognized as a national party.
D: None of these
- This option is incorrect as both conditions mentioned in options A and B are necessary for a political party to be recognized as a national party.
In conclusion, a political party must secure at least 6 percent of total votes in Lok Sabha elections or Assembly elections in four states and win at least 4 seats in the Lok Sabha to be recognized as a national party.

Guiding Philosophy of the Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP): Cultural Nationalism

The guiding philosophy of the Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP) is cultural nationalism. This philosophy is reflected in the party's ideology and policy positions. Cultural nationalism emphasizes the preservation and promotion of the cultural identity, heritage, and values of the nation. Here are the key points to understand about cultural nationalism as the guiding philosophy of the BJP:
1. Cultural Identity: The BJP believes in the importance of preserving and promoting India's rich cultural heritage, including its traditions, customs, languages, and arts.
2. Hindutva: The party subscribes to the concept of Hindutva, which seeks to unite the Hindu community and promote a sense of cultural and national pride among Hindus.
3. National Unity: The BJP advocates for national unity and aims to create a cohesive society where different communities coexist harmoniously while respecting each other's cultural diversity.
4. National Security: Cultural nationalism also emphasizes the protection and promotion of national security. The BJP prioritizes the defense of the nation and its borders, ensuring the safety and sovereignty of India.
5. Development: The BJP believes that cultural nationalism is essential for the overall development of the nation. It seeks to promote economic progress and social welfare while staying rooted in the country's cultural values.
6. National Pride: The party aims to instill a sense of national pride and patriotism among the citizens. It emphasizes the importance of being proud of India's cultural heritage and achievements.
In conclusion, cultural nationalism serves as the guiding philosophy of the Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP). The party's focus on preserving and promoting India's cultural identity, fostering national unity, and ensuring national security aligns with its commitment to cultural nationalism.

Introduction:
In a democratic country, political reforms are essential to ensure the smooth functioning of the government and to address the needs and aspirations of the people. Various methods can be employed to carry out political reforms, but the question asks for the better way among the given options.
Options:
A: The legal changes
- Implementing reforms through changes in existing laws and regulations.
- Can be effective in addressing specific issues and bringing about immediate changes.
- However, it may not be sufficient to bring about comprehensive and long-lasting political reforms.
B: The constitutional changes
- Implementing reforms through amendments to the constitution.
- Provides a more comprehensive and structured approach to political reforms.
- Can be time-consuming and require the support of a significant majority of the population or legislative bodies.
C: The empowerment of people
- Focusing on empowering the citizens to actively participate in the political process.
- Involves promoting civic education, encouraging voter participation, and ensuring transparency and accountability in governance.
- Enables the people to voice their concerns and influence policy decisions.
- Can lead to sustainable and inclusive political reforms.
D: The legislation for reforms
- Implementing reforms through specific legislation.
- Can be effective in addressing specific issues and bringing about immediate changes.
- However, similar to legal changes, it may not be sufficient to bring about comprehensive and long-lasting political reforms.
Conclusion:
Among the given options, the empowerment of people is a better way of carrying out political reforms in a democratic country. By empowering the citizens and encouraging their active participation, it ensures that the reforms are inclusive, sustainable, and align with the needs and aspirations of the people.

Explanation:
The correct answer is option D: The Election Commission checks these details and cancels the nomination papers of suspected criminals or if the information is false. This statement is not true regarding the government order that makes it mandatory for an election candidate to declare his details in an affidavit.
Here are the reasons why option D is not true:
- The Election Commission does check the details provided in the affidavit, but it does not have the authority to cancel the nomination papers of suspected criminals or if the information is false. The Election Commission can only forward the information to the concerned authorities for further investigation or legal action.
- The cancellation of nomination papers is not within the purview of the Election Commission. It is the responsibility of the relevant judicial or legal authorities to take appropriate action based on the information provided in the affidavit.
The other options (A, B, and C) are true regarding the government order that makes it mandatory for an election candidate to declare his details in an affidavit. These are:
A: It aims at reducing the influence of criminals in politics.
B: It gives details of existing property and criminal cases pending against a candidate.
C: It aims at reducing the influence of money in politics.

Explanation:
A coalition government refers to a situation where two or more political parties come together to form a government. The following points explain the characteristics of a coalition government:
1. Option A: Only two parties form an alliance and contest elections
- This statement is incorrect as a coalition government can be formed by more than two parties, not just two.
2. Option B: Several parties compete for power
- This statement is incorrect as in a coalition government, the parties come together to share power rather than competing for it.
3. Option C: The government is formed by two or more parties coming together
- This statement is correct as a coalition government is formed when multiple parties agree to join forces and collectively form a government.
4. Option D: Several parties form an alliance and compete for power
- This statement is incorrect as parties in a coalition government form an alliance to share power, not to compete against each other.
Therefore, option C is the correct answer.

Explanation:
To determine which one of the given options is not a component of a political party, we can analyze each option and identify if it fits the definition of a political party component.

A: The leaders

- Leaders are an integral part of a political party, as they provide direction and guidance to the party.
- They play a crucial role in formulating policies and representing the party's ideology.
- Therefore, leaders are a component of a political party.

B: The followers

- Followers or supporters are essential for a political party's success.
- They help in spreading the party's message, campaigning, and voting.
- Thus, followers are also a component of a political party.

C: The active members

- Active members are individuals who actively participate in the activities of a political party.
- They contribute to the party's organizational work, attend meetings, and engage in campaigning.
- Active members are an important component of a political party.

D: Women

- Women are not a separate component of a political party.
- They can be leaders, followers, or active members, just like men.
- Political parties are inclusive and do not exclude women from any component.
- Therefore, women cannot be considered as the correct answer.
Therefore, the option that is not a component of a political party is D: Women.

Parties with National-level Political Organizations:

1. Samajwadi Party:




• The Samajwadi Party is a political party in India.


• It has a national-level political organization.




2. Telugu Desam Party:




• The Telugu Desam Party is a regional political party in the Indian state of Andhra Pradesh and Telangana.


• It does not have a national-level political organization.




3. Rashtriya Janata Dal:




• The Rashtriya Janata Dal is a regional political party in the Indian state of Bihar.


• It does not have a national-level political organization.




4. None of the above:




• None of the listed parties have a national-level political organization.

Therefore, only the Samajwadi Party has a national-level political organization. The Telugu Desam Party and Rashtriya Janata Dal are regional parties.