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A shortfall in supplies would knock the bottom out of the engineering industry. What does "knock the bottom out of" stand for?
DIRECTIONS for question 5 to 9: Fill in the blanks with proper answers.
_________ the stable door after the horse has bolted.
Fill in the blanks with proper answers.
There were _________ viewers than expected.
Fill in the blanks with proper answers.
________ when, after waiting for hours, we were told the tickets were sold out.
Fill in the blanks with proper answers.
Your proficiency in the French language depends on how hard you work _______if you live in the culture of your target language, you will learn even more quickly.
Fill in the blanks with proper answers.
The government is planning to sell PSUs ______ BHEL, SAIL and NTPC _______ first wants a regulatory agency _______ the IRDA to assess their worth.
Choose the option having correct word order in the following statements :-
DIRECTIONS for question 16 to 22: Fill in the blanks with proper answers:-
Autotomy is the ability of an animal to ________ a part of its body at will to save itself from predators and attackers.
They all stared ______ as the door of the dilapidated house swung open.
But at a time when business values are falling, stakeholders tend not to take kindly to at a knock-down price.
Meaning of "knock-down price" is
Although this political party has reputation for ______ , its behaviour towards the public has always been ______, suggesting it may not be as insolent as has been projected by its competitor.
The company believes in getting value for money and it is wrong of the employees to view its ______ as _______
In the midst of radiantly beautiful women, this homely woman looked strikingly ________ but it transpired later that she was an arbitrator and not _________
This author is not outspoken on political issues and her writings are more famous for their aesthetic qualities than for their _______ ones.
DIRECTIONS for questions 24 to 26: Read the given passage and answer the questions.
Read not to contradict and confute, nor to believe and take for granted, nor to find talk and discourse, but to weigh and consider. Some books are to be tasted, others to be swallowed, and some few to be chewed and digested; that is, some books are to be rend only in parts; others to be read, but not curiously; and some few to be read wholly, and with diligence and attention. Some books may also be read by deputy, and extracts made of them by others; but that would be only in the less important arguments and the meaner sort of books; else distilled books are like common distilled waters, flashy things. Reading makes a full man, conference a ready man, and writing an exact man. And therefore if a man write little, he had need have a good memory; if he confer little, he had need have a present wit; and if he read little, he had need have much cunning to seem to know that he doth not.
Histories make men wise, poets witty, the mathematics subtle, natural philosophy deep, moral grave, logic and rhetoric able to contend.
Q. What should be the real object of reading?
Read not to contradict and confute, nor to believe and take for granted, nor to find talk and discourse, but to weigh and consider. Some books are to be tasted, others to be swallowed, and some few to be chewed and digested; that is, some books are to be rend only in parts; others to be read, but not curiously; and some few to be read wholly, and with diligence and attention. Some books may also be read by deputy, and extracts made of them by others; but that would be only in the less important arguments and the meaner sort of books; else distilled books are like common distilled waters, flashy things. Reading makes a full man, conference a ready man, and writing an exact man. And therefore if a man write little, he had need have a good memory; if he confer little, he had need have a present wit; and if he read little, he had need have much cunning to seem to know that he doth not.
Histories make men wise, poets witty, the mathematics subtle, natural philosophy deep, moral grave, logic and rhetoric able to contend.
Q. The word 'confute' in the passage means
Read not to contradict and confute, nor to believe and take for granted, nor to find talk and discourse, but to weigh and consider. Some books are to be tasted, others to be swallowed, and some few to be chewed and digested; that is, some books are to be rend only in parts; others to be read, but not curiously; and some few to be read wholly, and with diligence and attention. Some books may also be read by deputy, and extracts made of them by others; but that would be only in the less important arguments and the meaner sort of books; else distilled books are like common distilled waters, flashy things. Reading makes a full man, conference a ready man, and writing an exact man. And therefore if a man write little, he had need have a good memory; if he confer little, he had need have a present wit; and if he read little, he had need have much cunning to seem to know that he doth not.
Histories make men wise, poets witty, the mathematics subtle, natural philosophy deep, moral grave, logic and rhetoric able to contend.
Q. What can be done with regard to the 'meaner' sort of books?
DIRECTIONS for questions 27 to 32: Read the given passage and answer the questions.
PROBLEMS FACING POTENTIAL EXPORTERS
Many firms fail because when they begin exporting, they have not researched the target markets or have not developed an international marketing plan to be successful. A firm must clearly define goals objectives and potential problems. Secondly it must develop a definitive plan to accomplish it's objective regardless of problems involved. Unless the firm is fortunate enough to possess a staff with considerable expertise, it may not be able to take this crucial first step without qualified outside guidance.
Often top management is not committed enough to overcome the initial difficulties and financial requirements of exporting. It can often take more time and effort to establish a firm in a foreign market than in domestic one. Although the early delays and costs involved in exporting may seem difficult to justify when compared to established domestic trade the exporter should take a more objective view of this process and carefully monitor international marketing efforts through these early difficulties. If a good foundation is laid for export business the benefits derived should eventually out-weigh the investment.
Another problem area is in the selection of foreign distributor. The complications involved in overseas communications and transportation require international distributors to act with greater independence than their domestic counterparts also since a new exporter's trademarks and reputation is usually unknown in the foreign market. Foreign customers may buy on the strength of distributing agent's reputation. A firm should therefore conduct a thorough evaluation of the distributor's facilities, the personnel handling its account and managements methods employed.
Another common difficultly for new exporter is the neglect of the export market once the domestic one booms: too many companies only concentrate on exporting when there is recession. Others may refuse to modify products to meet the regulations or cultural preferences of other countries. Local safety regulations cannot be ignored by exporters. If necessary modifications are not made at the factory the distributor must make them, this is usually at a greater cost and probably not as satisfactory as it should be. It should also be noted that the resulting smaller profit margin makes the account less attractive.
If exporters expect distributing agents to actively promote their accounts they must be trained and their performance must be continually monitored. This requires a company's marketing executive to be located permanently in the distributor's geographical areas until there is sufficient business to support the representative. The distributor should also be treated on an equal basis with domestic counterparts for e.g. special discount offers, sales incentive programmes and special credit terms should be available.
Considering a joint venture or licensing agreement is another option for new exporters. However, many companies still dismiss international marketing as unviable. There are a number of reasons for this. There may be import restrictions in the target market. The company may lack sufficient financial resources or its product line may be too limited. Yet many products that can compete on a national basis can be successful in the majority of world markets. In general, all that is needed for success is flexibility in using the proper combinations of marketing techniques.
Q. In the first paragraph, the writer suggests that firms thinking about exporting should
PROBLEMS FACING POTENTIAL EXPORTERS
Many firms fail because when they begin exporting, they have not researched the target markets or have not developed an international marketing plan to be successful. A firm must clearly define goals objectives and potential problems. Secondly it must develop a definitive plan to accomplish it's objective regardless of problems involved. Unless the firm is fortunate enough to possess a staff with considerable expertise, it may not be able to take this crucial first step without qualified outside guidance.
Often top management is not committed enough to overcome the initial difficulties and financial requirements of exporting. It can often take more time and effort to establish a firm in a foreign market than in domestic one. Although the early delays and costs involved in exporting may seem difficult to justify when compared to established domestic trade the exporter should take a more objective view of this process and carefully monitor international marketing efforts through these early difficulties. If a good foundation is laid for export business the benefits derived should eventually out-weigh the investment.
Another problem area is in the selection of foreign distributor. The complications involved in overseas communications and transportation require international distributors to act with greater independence than their domestic counterparts also since a new exporter's trademarks and reputation is usually unknown in the foreign market. Foreign customers may buy on the strength of distributing agent's reputation. A firm should therefore conduct a thorough evaluation of the distributor's facilities, the personnel handling its account and managements methods employed.
Another common difficultly for new exporter is the neglect of the export market once the domestic one booms: too many companies only concentrate on exporting when there is recession. Others may refuse to modify products to meet the regulations or cultural preferences of other countries. Local safety regulations cannot be ignored by exporters. If necessary modifications are not made at the factory the distributor must make them, this is usually at a greater cost and probably not as satisfactory as it should be. It should also be noted that the resulting smaller profit margin makes the account less attractive.
If exporters expect distributing agents to actively promote their accounts they must be trained and their performance must be continually monitored. This requires a company's marketing executive to be located permanently in the distributor's geographical areas until there is sufficient business to support the representative. The distributor should also be treated on an equal basis with domestic counterparts for e.g. special discount offers, sales incentive programmes and special credit terms should be available.
Considering a joint venture or licensing agreement is another option for new exporters. However, many companies still dismiss international marketing as unviable. There are a number of reasons for this. There may be import restrictions in the target market. The company may lack sufficient financial resources or its product line may be too limited. Yet many products that can compete on a national basis can be successful in the majority of world markets. In general, all that is needed for success is flexibility in using the proper combinations of marketing techniques.
Q. The writer believes that if sufficient preparation is undertaken
PROBLEMS FACING POTENTIAL EXPORTERS
Many firms fail because when they begin exporting, they have not researched the target markets or have not developed an international marketing plan to be successful. A firm must clearly define goals objectives and potential problems. Secondly it must develop a definitive plan to accomplish it's objective regardless of problems involved. Unless the firm is fortunate enough to possess a staff with considerable expertise, it may not be able to take this crucial first step without qualified outside guidance.
Often top management is not committed enough to overcome the initial difficulties and financial requirements of exporting. It can often take more time and effort to establish a firm in a foreign market than in domestic one. Although the early delays and costs involved in exporting may seem difficult to justify when compared to established domestic trade the exporter should take a more objective view of this process and carefully monitor international marketing efforts through these early difficulties. If a good foundation is laid for export business the benefits derived should eventually out-weigh the investment.
Another problem area is in the selection of foreign distributor. The complications involved in overseas communications and transportation require international distributors to act with greater independence than their domestic counterparts also since a new exporter's trademarks and reputation is usually unknown in the foreign market. Foreign customers may buy on the strength of distributing agent's reputation. A firm should therefore conduct a thorough evaluation of the distributor's facilities, the personnel handling its account and managements methods employed.
Another common difficultly for new exporter is the neglect of the export market once the domestic one booms: too many companies only concentrate on exporting when there is recession. Others may refuse to modify products to meet the regulations or cultural preferences of other countries. Local safety regulations cannot be ignored by exporters. If necessary modifications are not made at the factory the distributor must make them, this is usually at a greater cost and probably not as satisfactory as it should be. It should also be noted that the resulting smaller profit margin makes the account less attractive.
If exporters expect distributing agents to actively promote their accounts they must be trained and their performance must be continually monitored. This requires a company's marketing executive to be located permanently in the distributor's geographical areas until there is sufficient business to support the representative. The distributor should also be treated on an equal basis with domestic counterparts for e.g. special discount offers, sales incentive programmes and special credit terms should be available.
Considering a joint venture or licensing agreement is another option for new exporters. However, many companies still dismiss international marketing as unviable. There are a number of reasons for this. There may be import restrictions in the target market. The company may lack sufficient financial resources or its product line may be too limited. Yet many products that can compete on a national basis can be successful in the majority of world markets. In general, all that is needed for success is flexibility in using the proper combinations of marketing techniques.
Q. An exporter should choose a distributer who
PROBLEMS FACING POTENTIAL EXPORTERS
Many firms fail because when they begin exporting, they have not researched the target markets or have not developed an international marketing plan to be successful. A firm must clearly define goals objectives and potential problems. Secondly it must develop a definitive plan to accomplish it's objective regardless of problems involved. Unless the firm is fortunate enough to possess a staff with considerable expertise, it may not be able to take this crucial first step without qualified outside guidance.
Often top management is not committed enough to overcome the initial difficulties and financial requirements of exporting. It can often take more time and effort to establish a firm in a foreign market than in domestic one. Although the early delays and costs involved in exporting may seem difficult to justify when compared to established domestic trade the exporter should take a more objective view of this process and carefully monitor international marketing efforts through these early difficulties. If a good foundation is laid for export business the benefits derived should eventually out-weigh the investment.
Another problem area is in the selection of foreign distributor. The complications involved in overseas communications and transportation require international distributors to act with greater independence than their domestic counterparts also since a new exporter's trademarks and reputation is usually unknown in the foreign market. Foreign customers may buy on the strength of distributing agent's reputation. A firm should therefore conduct a thorough evaluation of the distributor's facilities, the personnel handling its account and managements methods employed.
Another common difficultly for new exporter is the neglect of the export market once the domestic one booms: too many companies only concentrate on exporting when there is recession. Others may refuse to modify products to meet the regulations or cultural preferences of other countries. Local safety regulations cannot be ignored by exporters. If necessary modifications are not made at the factory the distributor must make them, this is usually at a greater cost and probably not as satisfactory as it should be. It should also be noted that the resulting smaller profit margin makes the account less attractive.
If exporters expect distributing agents to actively promote their accounts they must be trained and their performance must be continually monitored. This requires a company's marketing executive to be located permanently in the distributor's geographical areas until there is sufficient business to support the representative. The distributor should also be treated on an equal basis with domestic counterparts for e.g. special discount offers, sales incentive programmes and special credit terms should be available.
Considering a joint venture or licensing agreement is another option for new exporters. However, many companies still dismiss international marketing as unviable. There are a number of reasons for this. There may be import restrictions in the target market. The company may lack sufficient financial resources or its product line may be too limited. Yet many products that can compete on a national basis can be successful in the majority of world markets. In general, all that is needed for success is flexibility in using the proper combinations of marketing techniques.
Q. New exporters often make the mistake of ignoring the export market when
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