SSC JE (ME) Mock Test - 8

So 3 Q 7 R 8 S 4 P 6 can be written as 3 × 7 - 8 ÷ 4 + 6

3 × 7 - 8 ÷ 4 + 6

= 21 – 2 + 6

= 25

Hence, the value of the given expression is 25

3 × 8 = 24

3 × 11 = 33

In same way 4 × 6 = 24 4 × 8 = 32 4 × 11 = 44.

Hence the related set is 24 32 44.

B2²:D4²::F6²:?

As B+2=D, same way + 2=H

?=H8² = H64

Hence, the correct option is (C).

Hence, the related word is Food.

From the above diagram, it is clear that E is the Paternal Aunt of F.

Hence, Paternal Aunt is the correct Answer.

As 29² = 841

So, 484 is the square of 22.

As 22² = 484

Hence, the related word is 22.

5 × 8 = 40 + 10 = 50

in the same way

12 × 8 = 96 + 30 = 126

Hence,option a is correct.

In each row, the second figure is obtained from the first figure by adding two mutually perpendicular line segments at the centre. The, third figure is obtained from the first figure by adding four circles outside the main figure.

Hence, option b is correct.

Let’s check the options

a. 72 × 6 + 27 ÷ 3 – 9 = 432

b. 72 × 3 + 27 ÷ 9 - 6 = 213

c. 27 × 9 + 72 ÷ 3 – 6 = 261

d. 6 × 9 + 27÷ 3 - 72 = - 9

Hence the correct pair is 9 and 3

Hence after unfolding the given figure we get figure 2 as the correct unfolded figure.

Hence, option b is correct.

The eyes and nose are part of the body.

The below figure shows the correct relation.

Hence option D is correct.

As per the English dictionary- obey, object, obligation, obvious.

Hence,the correct sequence is 4, 1, 2, 3

In the Answer figure, there will be a semicircle will be on the left side and a line touches the bottom left corner, which shows in only the B option.

Hence option B is correct.

Because there is no alphabet 'H' in the given word TROUBLEMAKER, so, the word 'Author' cannot be formed.

Hence, the correct option is (A).

144 = 12²

169 = 13²

196 = 14²

225 = 15²

Hence, The missing number is 196

The diagram is as follows:

We can see that man is facing North Direction.

Hence, option a is correct.

The numbers have the following relation:

1. 8 × 5 + 2 = 42

2. 9 × 5 + 2 = 47

3. 5 × 5 + 2 = 27

4. 7 × 5 + 1 = 36

Hence, the odd pair is 7, 36.

14 × 14 – 14 = 182

Similarly,

28 × 28 – 28 = 756

Hence, option b is the correct answer.

I. some shops are bags - False

II. Some books are bags. - False

III. Some shops are shirts - True

IV. Some shirts are bags. - True

Therefore, Only III and IV follow

Hence, option D is correct

Conclusion:

I: Some brothers are sisters - True

II: All sisters are nieces - False

III: No brothers are sisters - False

Hence the only conclusion I follows.

15 × 2 – 2 = 28

78 × 2 – 2 = 154

25 × 2 – 2 = 48

36 × 2 – 2 = 70

Hence,

23 × 2 – 2 = 44

63 × 2 – 2 = 124

42 × 2 – 2 = 82

81 × 2 – 2 = 160

Hence, option A is correct

The family tree diagram is as follows:

Chaman is the brother of Bharat and Bharat is the brother of Yogesh. So, Yogesh may be the brother or sister of Chaman.

Hence, it cannot be definitely true that Yogesh is the brother of Chaman.

In DICTIONARY, D represents 4, I represents 8, C represents 0, T represents 9, I represents 8. O represents 1, N represents 6, A represents 5, R represents 4, Y represents 7.

So, ‘NOTARY’ would be coded as ‘619547’.

Hence, option c is correct.

7.5, 4.7, 1.9, -0.9 -3.7

2.8 2.8 2.8 2.8

Hence, next term will be -3.7

So, from the among options, Option (B) shows the embedded figure.

Hence, the correct option is (B).

All the three are different kinds of crops, so depicted in different kinds of circles.

Hence, option a is correct

Number of boys in first-class = 44

Number of boys in the second class = 44 – 17 + 14 = 41

Number of girls in first class = 49

Number of girls in second class = 49 – 11 + 21 = 59

Difference = 59 – 41 = 18

Hence, the correct option is (C).

The correct Logic is as follows

S-TU

H-IJ

O-PQ

P-OR

Hence DANG will be coded as

D-EF

A-BC

N-OP

G-HI

Hence DANG will be coded as EFBCOPHI.

Given statements: A ≥ P = B < C, R ≥ Q > Y = C

On combining: R ≥ Q > Y > = C > B = P ≤ A

Conclusions:

I. Q > P → True (as Q > Y > = C > B = P → thus clear relation between Q > P)

II. R > B → True (as R ≥ Q > Y > = C > B → thus clear relation between R > B)

So, both l and ll are true.

Hence, the correct option is (D).

As the market depends upon Demand,

In the same way, Farming depends upon Monsoons.

Hence, option b is the correct answer.

We get the below figure from the given statements in the question,

Shortest distance between point P and point T

= √[(12)² + (5)²]m

= √(144 + 25)m

= √169 m

= 13 m

Hence, the shortest distance between point A and point E is 13 m.

In the given series, H(8) – 3 = E(5), E(5) – 3 = B(2).

Therefore, B(2)-3 = Y(-1)

Similarly, M(13) – 3 = J(10), J(10) – 3 = G(7), and G(7)-3 = D(4)

Hence the required combination is YD.

Hence, Harshita is the immediate right of Lalita.

Pen - P – 16 E – 5 N – 14 all added and then divide by 5 will get 7

16 + 5 + 14 = 35

35 ÷ 5 = 7

Hence, PEN = 7

In the same way, A - 1 L – 12 L – 12 all added and then divide by 5 will get 5 in same way T – 20, O – 15, Y – 25 and answer will be 12.

Hence, option A is correct.

According to the dictionary order

The correct Reverse order is

1. FOREDOOM

2.FORECOURT

3. FORECLOSE

4. FORECAST

FORECOURT comes second in the reverse dictionary order

Hence, option c is correct

13 × 13 × 13 + 2 = 1730

15 × 15 × 15 + 2 = 3377

But 11 × 11 × 11 + 3 = 1334 which doesn’t follow the pattern.

Hence, option c is correct.

3 × 5 + 5 × 7 + 3 × 7 = 71

9 × 2 + 2 × 1 + 9 × 1 = 29

6 × 4 + 4 × 11 + 6 × 11 = 134

Hence, option A is correct.

Hence, the related word is school.

Similarly, changes occur from problem figure (3) to (4) and from the problem (5) to answer.

Hence, option 3 is correct

Hence, FHCIAD is coded as 865732.

Moo means the characteristic deep, resonant vocal sound of Cow.

Similarly, Neigh means a characteristic high whining sound made by a horse.

Hence Option C is correct.

Let’s take the common number in both the dices

2 is common in both dies. Now move clockwise direction from 2 in both dice

2 – 3-1 (First dice)

2 – 6-5 (Second dice)

Now 5 and 1 are opposite, 6 and 3 are opposite, and 2 and 4 are opposite

Hence, the number opposite to 6 will be 3.

Hence from the given options, A is the correct mirror image of the given input.

So, option A is the correct answer.

Hence, the correct option is (C).

P alphabetical position is 16^th, and B's reverse alphabet position is 25 and 16 × 25 = 400 in the same way Q(17) × C (24) = 408.

Hence option b is correct.

8 14 20 28 42 70

1 × 6 + 2 2 × 5 + 4 3 × 4 + 8 4 × 3 + 16 5 × 2 + 32 6 × 1 + 64

Hence, option d is correct.

256 = 16²

324 = 18²

400 = 20²

484 = 22²

Hence there is sum of 2 in every number as 16 + 2 = 18, 18 + 2 = 20, 20 + 2 = 22

Now 22 + 2 = 24

24² = 576

Hence the next term will be 576.

Mumbai is located along the coastal region of the Arabian Sea.

Similarly, Orissa is located along the coastal region of the Bay of Bengal.

Hence, the related word is the Bay of Bengal.

1. Rajni finished before Mahika but behind Garima.

Garima > Rajini > Mahika

2. Ashmita finished before Sanchali but behind Mahika.

Hence final arrangement will be:

Garima > Rajini > Mahika > Ashmita > Sanchali

Hence Rajini comes second, so that option C is correct.

Heart attack is related to the heart.

Vitiligo is a skin disease that causes loss of skin colour.

Hence, “Skin” is the correct answer.

FDI stands for Foreign Direct Investment.

It is an investment made by an individual or a firm in a country, for their business interests, in some other country.

It generally takes place when an investor has acquired foreign business assets or has established foreign business operations in a foreign company.

FDI's are actively utilized in open markets.

Aldosterone, a type of corticosteroid, is a hormone that is secreted by the adrenal gland, regulates the salt balance in the blood, which in turn helps control blood pressure.

Also known as the suprarenal gland, the adrenal gland is a small, triangular structure attached to the top of each kidney.

Located in the neck, the thyroid gland mainly secretes thyroxine and triiodothyronine and is responsible for regulating brain development, muscle control, metabolism rate, and heart and digestive functions.

The thymus gland is a part of the immune system. In contrast, the corpus luteum is a temporary, hormone-secreting mass of cells formed in the female ovaries and is therefore concerned with the reproductive system.

In the modern periodic table, Elements are arranged in increasing order of their atomic numbers.

Vertical columns are called groups. There are 18 groups. The chemical properties of the elements in the same group show similarity and gradation.

Horizontal rows are called periods. There are in all 7 periods. The properties of elements change slowly from one end to the other in a period.

'Parsec' is a unit of measurement of length.

One parsec is defined as the distance at which one astronomical unit subtends an angle of one arcsecond.

A parsec is equivalent to 3.26 light-years.

A parsec is a distance from the Sun to an astronomical object with a parallax angle of one arc second.

The last session of the Indian National Congress before the Independence of India was held in Meerut in 1947.

The session of 1947 was chaired by then-President Acharya J. B. Kripalani.

Before Acharya J. B. Kripalani, Abul Kalam Azad was the President of the Indian National Congress from 1940-46.

Lysosomes are called suicidal bags of the cell.

This is because the lysosomes are organelles that digest materials taken up by the cell from the outside.

If the lysosomes burst by any chance, the digestive enzyme leaks into the cell's insides.

After that, these enzymes digest the parts of the cell as well.

Sound waves are mechanical waves; that is, they require a material medium to travel. It is the movement of the medium that transmits the wave.

Since the density of solids is high and the molecules of a solid are closely packed, sound waves are quickly transmitted from one molecule to the next, thus enabling it to travel faster.

Therefore, the speed of sound is fastest in solids, followed by liquids (less dense than solids) and then gas (least dense).

Sound cannot travel in a vacuum as there is no material medium.

Cristiano Ronaldo was named the year’s best men’s player at the Dubai Globe Soccer Awards.

Ronaldo has now earned the title for the sixth time of its nine years of existence.

The ‘best agent’ award was won by Ronaldo’s agent, Jorge Mendes.

England International Lucy Bronze was crowned the year’s best female player.

The Rabung bridge in Arunachal Pradesh's Upper Siang district was inaugurated by state Health and Family Welfare Minister Alo Libang.

The bridge has been constructed by the Border Road Task Force of Project Brahmank under Border Roads Organisation (BRO).

The bridge is strategically important for the Indian Army and ITBP-Indo-Tibetan Border Police.

The correct answer is option 3, i.e., Chenab.

Salal power station is a run-of-the-river scheme.

It is installed with a capacity of 690 MW to harnesses the Hydropower potential of river Chenab.

It is located in the Reasi district of Jammu & Kashmir.

The beneficiary states of this power station are Chandigarh, Delhi, Himachal Pradesh, Haryana, Jammu & Kashmir, Punjab, Rajasthan, Uttrakhand & Uttar Pradesh.

The correct answer is option 2, i.e., John Stuart Mill.

John Stuart Mill was an English philosopher, economist, and exponent of utilitarianism.

He was prominent as a publicist in the reforming age of the 19th century and remains of lasting interest as a logician and an ethical theorist.

'Principles of Political Economy' by John Stuart Mill was one of the most important economics or political economy textbooks of the mid-nineteenth century.

Khan Abdul Ghaffar Khan, also known as Badshah Khan was a non-violent activist and close confidante of Mahatma Gandhi.

He was also known as Frontier Gandhi.

He led his non-violent Khudai Khidmatgar movement against the British Raj in the 1930s and 1940s.

Brazilian officials inaugurated the country's new Antarctica scientific base on King George Island on 15 Jan 2020, nearly eight years after a deadly fire destroyed most of the previous compound.

It has seventeen laboratories that will support research in a range of fields, from environmental microbiology to human physiology, paleontology, and climate change.

Information about Chloroform:

The correct answer is option 1), i.e., Mt.Stromboli.

Mt. Stromboli is located in Italy. It has been erupting almost continuously for 2,000 years.

Mt. Kilimanjaro, Mt.Rainier, and Mt. Mauna Kea are dormant volcanoes.

​Note:

A Volcano is an opening through which heated materials like liquid lava, fragments of rock are ejected from the heated interior of the earth.

Based on the periodicity of the eruptions, Volcanoes are classified into 3 types - Active, Dormant, and Extinct.

Active Volcano - which erupts periodically.

Dormant Volcano - which becomes quiet after their eruption for some time.

Extinct Volcano - which has no indication of a future eruption.

Satpura National Park is located in the Hoshangabad district of Madhya Pradesh in India.

Its name is derived from the Satpura range.

Along with the adjoining Bori and Pachmarhi wildlife sanctuaries, it provides 1,427 km sq. of unique central Indian highland ecosystem.

It was set up in 1981.

The correct answer is option 3, i.e., Corona.

The corona is the outermost layer of the Sun, starting at about 1300 miles (2100 km) above the solar surface (the photosphere).

The corona cannot be seen with the naked eye except during a total solar eclipse or with the use of a coronagraph.

Notes:

The inner layers of the sun are the Core, Radiative Zone, and Convection Zone.

The outer layers of the sun are the Photosphere, the Chromosphere, the Transition Region, and the Corona.

Bomdi La, situated to the east of Bhutan, connects Arunachal Pradesh with Lhasa, the capital of Tibet.

It is situated at an altitude of 2600 metres above sea level.

Muriatic acid is another name for hydrochloric acid (HCl), which is an inorganic compound that is strongly acidic in nature.

It has a wide range of applications - food additive, gelatin production, leather processing, industrial synthesis of PVC and vinyl chloride, descaling agent, dissolve rocks in oil production, steel pickling, etc.

Arundhati Roy is the author of the book 'My Seditious Heart.’

Arundhati Roy is also the author of "The God of Small Things,” which won the Man Booker Prize in 1997.

The God of Small Things became the biggest-selling book by a non-expatriate Indian author.

Salman Rushdie is a British Indian author of Midnight's Children (1981), won the Booker Prize in 1981.

Amitav Ghosh is an Indian writer who won the 54th Jnanpith award.

The 2019 Nobel Prize for Economics has been jointly won by Indian-American Abhijit Banerjee, his wife Esther Duflo, and Michael Kremer of the United States to alleviate global poverty.

Abhijit is currently Ford Foundation International Professor of Economics at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology.

The correct answer is option 3 i.e 326 BC

Alexander, known as Alexander the Great or Sikander, was the king of the greek kingdom Macedonian of the Argead dynasty.

He was the son of Philip II and succeeded his father to the throne at the age of 20.

Alexander invaded India in 326 BC after winning one of the most famous battles known as the Battle of the Hydaspes, in which he defeated the regional king Porus.

The correct answer is option 1, i.e., the number of electrons.

The total number of electrons present in the nucleus of an atom represents the atomic number of a particular atom.

The number of electrons = the number of protons.

Atomic Number = Number of Protons = Number of Electrons.

The atomic number uniquely identifies a chemical element.

In 1915 Mahatma Gandhi came to India from South Africa.

In 1917 Gandhi entered active politics with the Champaran campaign.

He went to Champaran to redress grievances of the cultivators oppressed by the Indigo plantation of Bihar.

Champaran Satyagraha was his first Civil Disobedience Movement in India.

In February 1918, Mahatma Gandhi launched the struggle in Ahmedabad.

In March 1918, Mahatma Gandhi worked for the peasants of Kheda in Gujarat.

Trick to remember: Gandhiji ate CAKe (Champaran, Ahmedabad, Kheda) after coming to India.

The electoral college that elects the President of India is formed by the Elected members of the Parliament and the State Legislative Assemblies.

The Constitution provides for the election of the President by the system of proportional representation by means of the single transferable vote.

The Chipko movement is associated with preventing the felling of trees.

It was an ecological and social movement in the 1970s in India by the rural people.

It originated in present-day Uttarakhand in 1973.

The demonstrators embraced the trees by hugging them to impede the loggers.

The movement was initiated by Sunderlal Bahuguna.

The person with disabilities(PwDs) and people over 80 years of age can now cast their vote in Delhi Assembly Election through postal ballot.

For the first time, Delhi Metro, Northern Railway Employees, and media persons covering polling can also use postal ballot facilities to cast their votes.

Till now, voting through the postal ballot was available to armed forces and those assigned in poll duties.

Ramp, sign language, Braille, and pick and drop facilities will be available for disabled persons at polling stations.

The correct answer is option 1), i.e., Quartzite.

Rocks are classified into 3 types - Igneous, Sedimentary & Metamorphic.

Igneous - Formed due to the cooling of hot and molten magma. Also called Primary rocks.

Sedimentary - Formed due to the aggregation of sediments derived from the older rocks.

Metamorphic - A changed form of Igneous and Sedimentary rocks.

Netaji Subhash Chandra Bose International Airport was formerly known as the Dum Dum Airport.

It is situated in Kolkata, West Bengal.

Airport Council International awarded it in the year 2014 as the Best Improved Airport in the Asia Pacific region.

Banking comes under the tertiary sector.

The tertiary sector, also known as the service sector, includes transport, banking, storage, communication, etc.

The primary sector is the one that is dependent on nature and makes use of raw materials. It includes agriculture, fishing, mining, etc.

The secondary sector is concerned with manufacturing, construction, processing, etc.

There are 22 bones present in the human skull.

There are 8 cranial bones and fourteen facial skeleton bones.

The Skull contains small holes, called Foramina, that allow blood vessels and nerves to enter and exit the cranium.

The Jaw bone is known as the mandible. It is the only bone in the skull that moves.

Kuchipudi has a predominance of Shringaara ras.

Kuchipudi involves different foot movements and is generally a team performance.

The central them of Kuchipuri is Bhagavata Puran but is secular in nature.

The dancers of Kuchipuri came to be known as Bhagavathalus.

Yamini Krishnamurthy is related to Kuchipudi.

In swimming, Assam's Shivangi Sarma, on 19 Jan 2020, won gold in the 100-metre freestyle, taking her personal gold tally to 4 at the Khelo India Youth Games in Guwahati.

Khelo India Youth Games are the national level multidisciplinary grassroot games in India held for two categories, namely under-17 years school students and under-21 college students.

The Iranian film ‘Castle of Dreams’ directed by Reza Mirakarimi won the Best Film Award in the Asian Competition section of the 18th Dhaka International Film Festival.

The festival concluded on 19 January 2020.

In the Asian Competition segment, Sri Lankan director Prasanna Vithanage’s film ‘Children of the Sun’ won Special Jury Award.

Best Actor Award went to Lousie Abuel for the film ‘Edward.’

The correct answer is option 2, i.e., Hydrogen.

The Sun is a yellow dwarf star, a hot ball of glowing gases at the heart of our solar system.

The Sun’s volume would need 1.3 million Earth to fill it.

The Sun, like other stars, is a ball of gas.

In terms of the number of atoms, it is made of 91.0% hydrogen and 8.9% helium.

By mass, the Sun is about 70.6% hydrogen and 27.4% helium.

Option 3 is correct:

Ghiyasuddin Tughlaq (1320-1325) or Ghazi Malik was the founder of the Tughlaq Dynasty in India.

Khusrau Khan (1320) was the last sultan of the Khilji Dynasty.

Khusrau Khan was killed by Ghazi Malik.

Muhammad Bin Tughlaq was the son of Ghiyasuddin Tughlaq.

His real name was Ulugh Khan or Fakhruddin Jauna.

He ruled over the Delhi sultanate from 1325 to 1351.

Muhammad Bin Tughlaq Transferred his capital from Delhi to Daulatabad in 1326 A.D.

Transfer of pollen-grains from anther to the stigma of a flower is called pollination.

Regeneration is the process through which organisms restore or replace their lost body parts.

Transpiration is the process through which plants release water in the form of water vapours or moisture.

Sexual reproduction is the process through which a new organism is formed from 2 organisms of different sexes.

A 5-year-old boy Aashman Taneja has made a Guinness world record in Taekwondo for the most full contact knee strikes in one hour non-stop.

He is a USA World Open Taekwondo Silver medalist and a proud Guinness World Record holder now.

He attempted the Guinness World Record for the most full contact knee strikes in one hour non-stop and successfully achieved more than 1200 knee strikes.

Samsung is setting up India's 1st smartphone display manufacturing unit on the outskirts of Delhi.

It is investing more than Rs 3,500 cr in this facility in Noida, as per a regulatory filing with the Registrar of Companies (RoC).

It could later be expanded to manufacture displays of other devices as well.

It has recently started the world’s largest mobile phone manufacturing unit in India.

The procedure to amend ‘The Indian Constitution’ was borrowed from ‘The Constitution of South Africa.’

Article 368 grants parliament the power to amend the constitution, making it clear that on the exercise of that power, “the Constitution shall stand amended.”

It was added in the Constitution during its inception in 1950 itself.

Another feature borrowed from South Africa is the election of members of the Rajya Sabha.

The headquarters of the World health organisation(WHO) is located in Geneva, Switzerland.

WHO was established on 7 April 1948.

The World Health Organization (WHO) is a specialized agency of the United Nations concerned with international public health.

The WHO is a member of the United Nations Development Group.

The constitution of the WHO has been signed by 61 countries (all 51 member countries and 10 others) on 22 July 1946.

The WHO is responsible for the World Health Report, the worldwide World Health Survey, and World Health Day.

The current Director-General of the WHO is Tedros Adhanom.

Article 246 of the 7th Schedule of the Indian Constitution gives details of Union, State, and Concurrent Lists.

Option 3 is correct, i.e., Pitcher Plant

The correct answer is option 2 i.e., Wolfang Pauli

He was a Swiss and American theoretical physicist.

He won the Nobel prize in Physics in 1945 for his "decisive contribution through his discovery of a new law of Nature, the exclusion principle or Pauli principle".

The discovery involved spin theory, which is the basis of a theory of the structure of matter.

Pauli made major contributions to quantum mechanics, quantum field theory, and solid-state physics.

Udayin (c. 460-444 BCE), also known as Udayabhadra, was a king of Magadha in ancient India. According to the Buddhist and Jain accounts, he was the son and successor of the Haryana king Ajatashatru. Udayin laid the foundation of the city of Pataliputra at the confluence of two rivers, the Son and the Ganges.

The correct answer is option 1), i.e., the Pacific Ocean.

The Pacific Ocean is almost circular.

The Pacific Ocean is the largest ocean in the world, extending from the Arctic in the north to Antarctica in the south.

It is spread over one-third of the earth.

Mariana Trench, the deepest part of the earth, lies in the Pacific Ocean.

It has an area of 165.25 million square kilometres, larger than all of the Earth's land area combined.

The Pacific contains 25,000 islands (over half the islands in the world), most of which are south of the equator.

The equator subdivides it into the North Pacific Ocean and South Pacific Ocean, with two exceptions: the Galapagos and Gilbert Islands, while straddling the equator, are deemed wholly within the South Pacific.

Cylindrical Lens is used in the treatment of astigmatism.

Astigmatism is a condition that causes blurry vision.

In this, the curvature of the cornea becomes irregular, and the image becomes blurry.

India’s latest communication satellite GSAT-30 was successfully launched from the Spaceport in French Guiana on 17 Jan 2020.

GSAT-30 derives its heritage from ISRO’s earlier INSAT/GSAT satellite series and will replace INSAT-4A in orbit.

With a lift-off mass of 3357 kg, GSAT-30 will provide continuity to operational services on some of the in-orbit satellites.

The satellite will provide communication services to the Indian mainland and islands through Ku-band and wide coverage covering Gulf countries, a ,large number of Asian countries, and Australia through C-band.

Young's modulus shows the rigidity of the material. when the temperature increases, the material starts to become soft. Therefore elasticity decreases with rise in temperature.

The unit of moment of inertia is a composite unit of measure. In the International System (SI), m is expressed in kilograms and r in metres, with I (moment of inertia) having the dimension kilogram-metre square.

Extrusion is a process used to create objects of a fixed cross-sectional profile. A material is pushed through a die of the desired cross-section. The extrusion process can be done with the material hot or cold. Commonly extruded materials include metals, polymers, ceramics, concrete, modeling clay, and foodstuffs.

Everything has mass, and thus, everything that moves must have momentum because its mass in motion! Now, if momentum is "mass in motion,” then what's inertia?

Inertia is the RESISTANCE an object has a quality of an object to keep that object at rest if it is at rest and to keep it moving in uniform motion if it is moving in uniform motion.

Young's Modulus = Stress/Strain, Since a perfectly rigid body, won't yield any strain, irrespective of the amount of stress, and it’s Young's modulus is infinite.

Electromagnetic radiation travels in wave packets known as photons that consist of propagating electric and magnetic fields. These photons undergo absorption when they transfer energy to atoms within a substance they are striking instead of transmitting through or reflecting off of it.

Two objects are in thermal equilibrium if they are in close contact that allows either to gain energy from the other, but nevertheless, no net energy is transferred between them. Even when not in contact, they are in thermal equilibrium if, when they are placed in contact, no net energy is transferred between them.

A liquid at high pressure has a higher boiling point than when that liquid is at atmospheric pressure. For example, water boils at 100 °C (212 °F) at sea level, but at 93.4 °C (200.1 °F) at 1,905 metres (6,250 ft) altitude. For a given pressure, different liquids will boil at different temperatures.

A concurrent coplanar force system is a system of two or more than two force lines of action are intersecting at a common point.

In IC engines, the chemical energy contained in the fuel is converted into mechanical power by burning (oxidizing) the fuel inside the combustion chamber of the engine. Fuels are mainly mixtures of hydrocarbons, with bonds between carbon atoms and between hydrogen and carbon atoms.

With an increase in temperature, there is typically an increase in the molecular interchange as molecules move faster in higher temperatures. The gas viscosity will increase with temperature.

A pitot tube, also known as a pitot probe, is a flow measurement device used to measure fluid flow velocity. It is widely used to determine the airspeed of an aircraft, the water speed of a boat, and to measure liquid, air, and gas flow velocities in certain industrial applications.

40W will glow brighter than 100W. You will get a higher resistance value for the low-rated bulb. Since bulbs are connected in series and the current in series remains the same, brightness will be directly proportional to (I²)×R. Hence bulb of a lower rating will be more brighter for the series connection.

Lathes are the principal machine tool used in turning. Milling operations are operations where the cutting tool rotates to bring cutting edges to bear against the workpiece. Milling machines are the principal machine tool used in milling.

Pascal-second

The SI unit for dynamic viscosity η is the Pascal-second (Pa-s), which corresponds to the force (N) per unit area (m²) divided by the rate of shear (s-1).

The initial force to get an object moving is often dominated by static friction. The static friction is, in most cases, higher than the kinetic friction. Rolling friction is the frictional force that occurs when one object rolls on another, like a car's wheels on the ground.

The freezing temperature of mercury is -38.83 °C

The basic operation of the gas turbine is a Brayton cycle with air as the working fluid. Atmospheric air flows through the compressor that brings it to higher pressure. This high-temperature, high-pressure gas enters a turbine, where it expands down to the exhaust pressure, producing a shaft work output in the process.

Newton's law of viscosity

A fluid is said to be Newtonian fluid if shear stress is directly proportional to the rate of angular deformation or the rate of shear strain or velocity.

Broaches are shaped similar to a saw, except the height of the teeth increases over the length of the tool. The rise per tooth (RPT), also known as the step or feed per tooth, determines the amount of material removed and the size of the chip.

A cupola or cupola furnace is a melting device used in foundries that can be used to melt cast iron, Ni-resist iron, and some bronzes. The cupola can be made in almost any practical size.

Cast iron is made from pig iron, which is the product of melting iron ore in a blast furnace. Cast iron can be made directly from the molten pig iron or by re-melting pig iron, often along with substantial quantities of iron, steel, limestone, carbon (coke), and taking various steps to remove undesirable contaminants.

The first law of thermodynamics is a version of the law of conservation of energy, adapted for thermodynamic processes, distinguishing two kinds of transfer of energy, as heat and as thermodynamic work, and relating them to a function of a body's state, called Internal energy.

Fluid flowing in a Venturi first goes from high pressure upstream to low pressure in the throat. THEN, it flows from low pressure at the throat to high pressure downstream. To the right of the throat (minimum area of the pipe), the flow is moving from left to right, but the pressure is increasing.

The backing is usually made of a dielectric (usually plastic) which provides good electrical insulation between the wires of the strain gauge and the specimen. Polyimide is the prevalent backing material and is thus the default standard. No extreme operating conditions such as high temperatures are present.

A throttling process is a thermodynamic process in which the enthalpy of the gas or medium remains constant (h = const). In fact, the throttling process is one of the isenthalpic processes. On the other the throttling process cannot be isentropic; it is a fundamentally irreversible process.

For commercial purposes, acetylene can be made from several different raw materials depending on the process used. The simplest process reacts calcium carbide with water to produce acetylene gas and a calcium carbonate slurry, called hydrated lime.

Since specific heat of water is very high, so less even amount of water takes more out of the radiator with a minimal increase in its temperature. Thus water is used as a coolant in the radiator of a car engine.

Lise Meitner

December 1938: Discovery of Nuclear Fission. In December 1938, over Christmas vacation, physicists Lise Meitner and Otto Frisch made a startling discovery that would immediately revolutionize nuclear physics and lead to the atomic bomb.

The Poisson's ratio of a stable, isotropic, linear elastic material must be between −1.0 and +0.5 because of the requirement for Young's modulus, the shear modulus, and the bulk modulus to have positive values. Most materials have Poisson's ratio values ranging between 0.0 and 0.5.

Conduction is a process of heat transfer. [A]. from one particle of the body to another without the actual motion of the particles. [B]. from one particle of the body to another by the actual motion of the heated particles.

△Q1 =100k Trang≤W1=50kj

△Q2=120kjW2=?

The given process is a cyclic process Hence △U=0

⇒△Q1+△Q₂=△W₁+△W₂

100+120=50+△W₂

△W₂ = 170kj

Thus, increasing the chromium and silicon content produces a 1.5-2-fold increase in the corrosion-fatigue limit, which, however, decreases by 15-40 with increasing manganese or nickel content. Boriding leads to a substantial increase in the conditional corrosion-fatigue limit of steel St.

Simple harmonic motion can be considered the one-dimensional projection of uniform circular motion. Suppose an object moves with angular speed ω around a circle of radius r centered at the origin of the XY-plane. In that case, its motion along each coordinate is simple harmonic motion with amplitude r and angular frequency ω.

Quality parameters. Quality attributes of fruits and vegetables such as appearance, colour, aroma, taste drive the decision of consumers to buy a product. In the past, high-quality standards were mainly imposed by retailers (e.g., long shelf-life, color, texture, shape) and less on the consumers' side.

Pump rotation should always be viewed from the shaft end. If the pump is rotated in the wrong direction, adequate fluid will not fill the suction port due to the pump's internal design. of a variable displacement pump.

The hardenability of steel depends upon the actual rate at which its austenite transforms to fine pearlite at the particular temperature at which this reaction sets in most promptly. The finer the grain, the more rapid the transformation is to fine pearlite, and correspondingly the lower is the hardenability.

The working of McLeod Gauge is based on Boyle's law. The unknown vacuum pressure source is connected to the reference column, and the pressure is applied. The volume of unknown pressure is the volume of the bulb and capillary, which is given by V. The mercury is forced into the bulb and capillary by operating the plunger.

When temperature increases, the energy level of liquid molecules increases (kinetic energy increases), and the distance between the molecule increases. It causes a decrease in intermolecular attraction between them, which reduces viscosity.

An internal combustion engine (ICE) is a heat engine in which the combustion of a fuel occurs with an oxidizer (usually air) in a combustion chamber that is an integral part of the working fluid flow circuit.

Linear momentum (momentum for brevity) is defined as the product of a system's mass multiplied by its velocity. In symbols, linear momentum p is defined as p = mv, where m is the mass of the system and v is its velocity. The SI unit for momentum is kg·m/s.

Hematite

Hematite and magnetite are by far the most common types of ore. Pure magnetite contains 72.4 percent iron, hematite 69.9 percent, limonite 59.8 percent, and siderite 48.2 percent, but since these minerals never occur alone, the metal content of real ores is lower.

The “typical” reciprocating compressor is used for discharge pressures up to 12,000 psi (828 bar). Special compressors (called hyper compressors) are used in low-density polyethylene production and discharge at pressures up to 50,000 psi (3500 bar).

Grinding

In the past, many scientists investigated the heat dissipation in grinding and the resulting influences on the surface integrity of the workpieces. Under abusive grinding conditions, the formation of a heat-affected zone was observed, which damaged the ground surface of hardened steels. This paper aims to introduce a new surface heat treatment process, namely by making use of the heat flux generated in grinding. In this case, the grinding conditions have to be optimized to induce martensitic phase transformations in the surface layers of annealed or tempered steels, which is achieved by other surface strengthening processes. The fundamentals of this new heat treatment method called grind-hardening are given in this paper.

Hydraulic gradient line is basically defined as the line which will give the sum of pressure head and datum head or potential head of a fluid flowing through a pipe with respect to some reference line.

The velocity of a body moving with uniform acceleration

The body is undergoing constant acceleration. Acceleration is the rate of change of velocity versus time. Velocity is a vector consisting of magnitude (speed) and direction. In a uniform circular motion, the speed is fixed, the direction is constantly changing; therefore, the velocity changes.

In that case, both v and a are negative. The plus and minus signs give the directions of the accelerations. If acceleration has the same sign as the change in velocity, the object is speeding up. If acceleration has the opposite sign of the change in velocity, the object is slowing down.

The mass of an object can be calculated in a number of different ways: mass=density×volume (m=ρV). Density is a measure of mass per unit of volume, so the mass of an object can be determined by multiplying density by volume. mass=force÷acceleration (m=F/a).

The nuclear binding energies are on the order of a million times greater than the electron binding energies of atoms. For example, the binding energy of an electron to the nucleus in the hydrogen atom is 13.6 eV, whereas the binding energy of nucleons in the He-4 nucleus is 28,300,000 eV (roughly 2 million times!)

Therefore for completing the one thermodynamic cycle (power cycle), the piston has to complete two strokes only those are one upward and downward movement. Thus the crankshaft completes only one revolution during the completion of the power cycle.

One stoke is equivalent to one poise divided by the density of the fluid in g/cm³. The SI unit for kinematic viscosity is square meters per second (m²/s). However, due to the viscosity values of most common fluids, square centimeters per second (cm²/s) is used more often.

An Isobaric process is a thermodynamic process in which the pressure stays constant: ΔP = 0. The heat transferred to the system does work but also changes the internal energy of the system. This article uses the physics sign convention for work, where positive work is work done by the system.

A critical path is a sequence of interdependent activities or tasks, and it is the longest path (i.e., the path with the longest duration) from project start to finish. At the same time, the longest path is the path that shows the shortest possible length of time in which the project can be completed.

A rotameter (variable area meter) is a flow meter that measures the volumetric flow of liquids and gases. There is no difference between a rotameter and a flow meter, and these terms are used interchangeably. The technique for measuring flow is accomplished by a freely moving float finding equilibrium in a tapered tube.

The law of the machine is (where P = Effort applied to lift the load, m = A constant which is equal to the slope of the line, W = Load lifted, and C = Another constant which represents the mechanical friction.)

A hydraulic ram, or hydram, is a cyclic water pump powered by hydropower. The hydraulic ram is sometimes used in remote areas, where there is both a source of low-head hydropower and a need for pumping water to a destination higher in elevation than the source.

Below 912 °C (1,674 °F), iron has a body-centered cubic structure and is known as α-iron or ferrite.

Alloys such as medium and high carbon steel, cast iron, and tool steel are brittle. Metals like gold, copper, lead, and silver are the opposite - ductile.

Gravity does cause things to fall with increasing speed, but as they speed up, the viscous force due to air increases. Eventually, the viscous force due to air is enough to balance the force of gravity, so the acceleration stops, and the raindrop reaches a constant terminal velocity.

Atom

An atom is the smallest particle of an element, having the same chemical properties as the bulk element. The first accurate theory explaining the nature of matter was Dalton's Atomic Theory: 1. All matter is composed of atoms, and atoms are indivisible and indestructible.

The order of the average distance of an electron in an atom from the nucleus is 10^-8 cm. The average distance and the most probable distance of an electron from the nucleus in the 1s orbital of a hydrogen atom are equal to 1. 5a_0​ and a₀​ (Most probable distance is the distance where an electron is highest probable, so it is the radius of that orbit a₀​).

The equation form of Newton's second law allows us to specify a unit of measurement for the force. Because the standard unit of mass is the kilogram (kg) and the standard unit of acceleration is meters per second squared (m/s²), the unit for force must be a product of the two -- (kg)(m/s²).

The net force acting on a 1-kg ball in free fall is 9.8 N. A body in free fall motion experiences free-fall acceleration.