Test: Animal Husbandry (Old NCERT) - NEET MCQ

Breed is a group of animals related by descent and similar in most characters like general appearance, features, size, configuration, etc.

Bird flu is a form of influenza occurring in poultry mainly in Japan, China and Southeast Asia. It is caused by a virus, H₅N₁ capable of spreading to humans.

Multiple Ovulation Transfer Technology is a programme for herd improvement. In this, a cow is administered with FSH activity to induce superovulation by follicular maturation due to which it yields 6-8 eggs per cycle instead of one egg. The fertilised eggs at 8-32 celled stages are recovered non-surgically and transferred to surrogate mothers. The genetic mother is available for another round of superovulation. This technology helps to increase herd size in a short time.

Inbreeding strategies allow the desirable qualities of more closely related individuals to be continued within the same breed for 4-6 generations. It increases homozygosity and thus, is necessary for evolving a pure line. Continued inbreeding, especially close inbreeding usually leads to reduces fertility and even productivity. This is called inbreeding depression.

Artificial breeding method of cattle involves following methods:
(i) In artificial insemination (Al) method, the semen of superior male is collected and injected into the reproductive tract of the selected female by the breeder. The semen can be used immediatel or can be frozen for later use.
(ii) In multiple ovulation embryo transfer technology (MOET) method, hormones (with FSH-like activity) are given to the cow for inducing follicular maturation and super ovulation. Instead of one egg, which they usually giver per cycle, they produce 6-8 eggs. The cow is either mated with a best bull or artifically inseminated. The embros at 8-32 cells stage are recovered and transferred to surrogate mothers. The genetic mother is available for another super ovulation. MOET has been done in cattle sheep, rabbits, buffaloes, mares, etc.

In interspecific hybridisation, a species is mated with a different related species of the same genus. Interspecific hybrids are generally difficult to produce, but they are important in plant breeding, particularly in breeding for disease resistance. This is also called intrageneric hybridisation.

Jersey is an exotic cattle breed from Island of Jersey in English channel. Leghorn is a Mediterranean breed of chicken.

Out-breeding is the breeding of unrelated animals which may be between individuals of the same breed but having no common ancestors for 4−6 generations or different breeds or different species. Inbreeding is breeding between animals of the same breed for 4−6 generations.

Jersey is from island of Jersey in English  Channel and Holstein-Friesian is from Holland.

Aspergillosis is disease of young chick and is caused by a fungus Aspergillus fumigatus.

The composition of honey is levulose(sugar)-38.9% dextrose(sugar)-21.28%, maltose and other sugars -8.81% enzymes and pigments -2.21%, ash -1.0% water -17.20%.

Honey bees are flying insects which help in pollination of flowers. It is very attractive to yellow-orange coloured flowers. It widely produces honey which has a high nutritive value and edible. It is used in the production of medicines, wax, polishes, cosmetics, waterproofing agents and as a lubricant.

Malvi is a drought breed of Indian cattle. The bullocks of drought breed are good for working but cows are poor milk producers.

Dairy farming is the management of animals for milk and its products for human consumption. The processes and systems that increase yield and improve the quality of milk are: health care and social well being of the animals; suitable environmental conditions like adequate ventilation, optimum temperature, sufficient light etc; protection against disease; regular inspection by veterinary doctor and proper record keeping.

Products of honeybee are honey, beeswax, bee venom and royal jelly. Medicinal importance includes its uses as laxative, antiseptic, sedative, etc. It is also used against digestive disorders. Bee venom is used to cure gout and arthritis. Beewax is used in producing cosmetics, paints, polishes, etc. It is not a labour intensive process and is source of additional income to the farmers.