Test: Boundary Layer Separation

Reynold’s number is used to determine whether the flow is laminar or turbulent. If Reynold’s number is less than 2000, it is a laminar flow. If Reynold’s number is greater than 2000, then it is a turbulent flow.

Vortices are a region in a fluid. It takes place when the flow revolves around an axis line. Vortices can be straight or curved. They form shapes like smoke rings and whirlpools.

Turbulator is a device that converts a laminar flow into a turbulent flow. The turbulent flow can be desired parts of an aircraft or also in industrial applications. Turbulator is derived from the word “turbulent”.

With the boundary layer separation, displacement thickness increases sharply. This helps to modify the outside potential flow and its pressure field. Thus, option ‘a’ is the correct choice.

D’Alembert’s Paradox states that for an incompressible and inviscid flow potential flow, the drag force is equal to zero. The fluid is moving at a constant velocity with respect to its relative fluid.

Adverse pressure gradient takes place when the static pressure increases. It increases the direction of the flow. Adverse pressure gradient plays an important role in flow separation. Thus, option c is correct.

Eddy viscosity is a turbulent transfer of momentum by eddies. It gives rise to an internal fluid friction. It is in analogous to the action of molecular viscosity in laminar fluid flow. Eddy viscosity takes place on a large scale.

Boundary layer separation undergoes detachment from the surface into a broader wake. It occurs mainly when the portion of the boundary layer is closest to the wall. It leads to reverse in the flow direction.

Pilot static tube is a system that uses an automatic control scheme to detect pressure. It has several holes connected to one side of the device. These outside holes are called as a pressure transducer, which controls the automatic scheme during fluid flow.

The steady state flow must satisfy Kirchhoff’s first and second law. The first law states that the total flow into the junction equals the total flow away from the junction. Second law is called as the law of conservation of mass. It states that between two junctions, the head loss is independent of the path followed.