Test: Conduction of Energy through Liquids & Gases - JAMB MCQ

An electrolyte is a substance that conducts electricity when dissolved in water or molten. Among the given options, ethanol (C₂H₅OH) is an example of an electrolyte as it ionizes into ions (C₂H₅O^-) and (H⁺) when dissolved in water, allowing it to conduct electricity.

Electrolysis is the process in which an electric current is passed through an electrolyte (a liquid or molten compound) to bring about a chemical change. It involves the decomposition of a compound into its constituent elements. Therefore, option (b) is the correct answer.

Faraday's first law of electrolysis states that the amount of chemical reaction that occurs during electrolysis is directly proportional to the quantity of electric charge passed through the electrolyte. Therefore, option (d) is the correct answer.

Electroplating is the process of coating an object with a thin layer of metal using electrolysis. It involves passing an electric current through a solution containing metal ions, causing the metal ions to deposit onto the object's surface. Therefore, option (a) is the correct answer.

Discharge through gases refers to the movement of electric current through a gas. When a high voltage is applied to a gas, it ionizes, and electric current can flow through the ionized gas. Therefore, option (b) is the correct answer.

The application of conduction of electricity through gases is commonly seen in lightning during a thunderstorm. Lightning is a natural example of electrical discharge through gases. Therefore, option (d) is the correct answer.

The main objective of distinguishing between electrolytes and non-electrolytes is to identify substances that can conduct electricity in solution. Electrolytes dissociate into ions in solution, allowing them to carry electric charge. Non-electrolytes, on the other hand, do not dissociate into ions and cannot conduct electricity in solution. Therefore, option (c) is the correct answer.

When solving problems related to Faraday's laws of electrolysis, the quantity of electric charge passed through the electrolyte is used to determine the amount of chemical reaction that occurs. Faraday's laws establish a relationship between the amount of substance produced or consumed during electrolysis and the quantity of electric charge passed. Therefore, option (d) is the correct answer.

Argon (Ar) is commonly used in electric bulbs. It is an inert gas that does not react with the filament and helps to prevent its degradation due to oxidation at high temperatures. Therefore, option (d) is the correct answer.

Neon signs are an example of an application of conduction of electricity through gases. Neon gas, when ionized by electric current, emits a characteristic color of light, which is utilized in neon signs for advertising purposes. Therefore, option (c) is the correct answer.