Test: Current Affairs - Software Development MCQ

The correct answer is India.

Key Points

• India will host the 2023 Cricket World Cup.
  • The 2023 ICC Men's Cricket World Cup will be the 13th edition of the men's Cricket World Cup, scheduled to be hosted by India during October and November 2023.
  • This will be the first time the competition is held entirely in India.

Additional Information

• ODI Cricket World Cup Records
  • Most Cricket World Cup wins: Australia (5 World Cups)
  • Most runs scored at the Cricket World Cup: Sachin Tendulkar (2,278 runs)
  • Fastest double century: Chris Gayle v Zimbabwe (2015) – 138 balls
  • Most sixes scored at the Cricket World Cup: Chris Gayle (49 Sixes)
  • Most Centuries at the Cricket World Cup: Sachin Tendulkar and Rohit Sharma (6 centuries Each)
  • Most wickets were taken at the Cricket World Cup: Glenn McGrath (71 Wickets)
  • Most wickets in consecutive balls: Lasith Malinga v South Africa (2007) – 4
• T20 Cricket World Cup Records
  • Most T20 World Cup wins: West Indies (2 World Cups)
  • Highest successful chase: England v South Africa (230-8)
  • Fastest century: Chris Gayle (47 balls)
  • Most Runs: Mahela Jayawardene (1,016 Runs)
  • Highest individual score: Brendon McCullum (123 runs)
  • Most wickets: Shahid Afridi – 39 wickets

The correct answer is ​Pramod Chandra Mody.

Key Points

• 1982-batch retired IRS officer and former chairman of the Central Board of Direct Taxes (CBDT) Pramod Chandra Mody was appointed new Secretary General Rajya Sabha.
• He becomes the 1st IRS official to get a post in either House.
• He replaced PPK Ramacharyulu.
• Ramacharyulu has now been appointed as an advisor in the Rajya Sabha Secretariat.
• Ramacharyulu was appointed as the Secretary-General of the Rajya Sabha on September 1, 2021.

Important Points 

• IRS officer Nitin Gupta has been appointed as the new Central Board of Direct Taxes (CBDT) chairman. (July 2022).

Additional Information

• The Secretary General is the parliamentary adviser to the RS chairman and through him to the House.
• The Secretary-General is also the administrative head of the RS Secretariat and overall in charge of all administrative and executive functions on behalf of, and in the name of, the Chairman. 

The correct answer is Maria Ressa and Dmitry Muratov.

Key Points

• The Nobel Peace Prize in Peace for 2021 was awarded to Maria Ressa and Dmitry Muratov.
  • For their efforts to safeguard freedom of expression, which is a precondition for democracy and lasting peace.
• Ms. Ressa and Mr. Muratov are receiving the Peace Prize for their courageous fight for freedom of expression in the Philippines and Russia.
• At the same time, they are representatives of all journalists who stand up for this ideal in a world in which democracy and freedom of the press face increasingly adverse conditions.
• The award was presented by Berit Reiss-Andersen, Chair of the Norwegian Nobel Committee, on 8 October 2021.

Maria Ressa and Dmitry Muratov.

The correct answer is Anshu Jamshenpa.

Key Points

• Anshu Jamshenpa is the first woman in the world to climb Mount Everest twice in one season.
  • Anshu Jamsenpa is an Indian mountaineer and the first woman in the world to scale the summit of Mount Everest twice in a season, and the fastest double summitter to do so within 5 days.
  • It is also the fastest double ascents of the tallest crest by a woman. She is from Bomdila, headquarters of West Kameng district, Arunachal Pradesh - the state that holds most north-eastern position of India.
  • She was awarded India's fourth-highest civilian award the Padma Shri in 2021.

Additional Information

• Mount Everest is Earth's highest mountain above sea level, located in the Mahalangur Himal sub-range of the Himalayas.
  • The China–Nepal border runs across its summit point. Its elevation of 8,848.86 m was most recently established in 2020 by the Chinese and Nepali authorities.
• Lhakpa Sherpa is a Nepalese Sherpa mountain climber.
  • She has climbed Mount Everest nine times, the most of any woman in the world.
  • In 2000, she became the first Nepalese woman to climb and descend Everest successfully.
• Junko Tabei was a Japanese mountaineer, author, and teacher.
  • She was the first woman to reach the summit of Mount Everest and the first woman to ascend the Seven Summits, climbing the highest peak on every continent.
• Ang Rita Sherpa was a Nepali mountaineer who climbed Mount Everest ten times without the use of supplemental oxygen between 1983 and 1996.
  • His sixth climb set the world record for the most successful ascents of Mount Everest, which he re-set on his tenth climb.
  • ​He was also the first, and to date only, person to climb Mount Everest without supplementary oxygen in winter.

The correct answer is Chandigarh.

Key Points

• Chandigarh has been ranked first in the 4th NITI Aayog Health Index 2021, in the category of Union Territories followed by Dadra and Nagar haveli, and Delhi. Puducherry was the worst performer.
• NITI Aayog annually releases Health Index wherein the states and union territories are divided into 3 categories, i.e. larger states, smaller states, and union territories.
• In larger states, Kerala has topped and Uttar Pradesh performed the worst.
• In smaller states, Mizoram has topped and Nagaland performed the worst.
• This assessment is done on 24 parameters.
• This report is prepared in collaboration with the Ministry of Health and Family Welfare, with technical assistance from the World Bank.

The correct answer is Narendra Modi.

Key Points

• Prime Minister Narendra Modi inaugurated the first Global Innovation Summit of the Pharmaceuticals sector on 18 November 2021 via video conferencing.
• It will also highlight the opportunities in the Indian pharma industry that has huge growth potential.
• The two-day event, which will comprise 12 sessions, will be attended by more than 40 national and international speakers.

Important Points

• ​This is a distinctive initiative that aims to bring together key Indian and international stakeholders from the government, industry, academia, investors, and researchers to discuss and strategize priorities to foster a thriving innovation ecosystem in the pharmaceutical industry in India. 
• It will witness the participation of leading members from domestic and global Pharma Industries, officials, investors and researchers from the Massachusetts Institute of Technology, John Hopkins Institute, IIM Ahmedabad and other eminent institutes.

The correct answer is ​Goa Shipyard Ltd.

Key Points

• The Defence Ministry in June 2021, signed a contract with Goa Shipyard Ltd (GSL) for the construction of two pollution control vessels for the Indian Coast Guard at a cost of about Rs 583 crore.
• The ships are being procured to significantly augment the capability of the Indian Coast Guard (ICG) to respond to incidents of oil spills at the sea and also boost the force's pollution response mechanism.
• These two vessels are scheduled for delivery by November 2024 and May 2025 respectively.

Additional Information

• Indian Coast Guard has 5 headquarters in five regions throughout the country.
• It was established on 18 August 1978 by The Coastal Guard Act, 1978.
• It works under the Ministry of Defence.
• The motto of the Indian Coastal Guard is 'Vayam Raksham'.
• Role and Functions of Indian Coastal Guard are-
  • Safety and Protection of Artificial Islands and Offshore terminals.
  • Protection of Fishermen and providing them assistance.
  • Preservation and Protection of the marine environment.
  • Executing anti-smuggling operations.
  • Protection and Safety of life and property at sea.
  • Collection of scientific data.
  • Search and Rescue Operations.
  • Coastal Security.

The correct answer is Equality-Reducing inequalities and advancing human rights.

Key Points

• Human Rights Day is observed on December 10, every year.
• In 1948, the UN General Assembly adopted the Universal Declaration of Human Rights (UDHR).
• The UDHR is a milestone document that proclaims rights that everyone is entitled to, as a human being, regardless of their race, colour, religion, etc.
• The theme for 2021 is 'Equality-Reducing inequalities and advancing human rights'.

Important Points

• The Declaration is the most translated document in the world which is available in more than 500 languages.
• This year’s theme relates to 'Equality' and Article 1 of UDHR which says ‘All human beings are born free and equal in dignity and rights.’
• The principles of equality and non-discrimination are at the heart of human rights.

Additional Information

The correct answer is Russia.

Key Points

• Russia, on 4 Oct'21 informed that it had successfully test-launched a Tsirkon hypersonic cruise missile from a submarine for the first time.
• The Severodvinsk submarine had fired the missile in the Barents Sea which successfully hit its chosen target.
• Russia test-fired the Tsirkon missile from a warship in July 2021.

Additional Information

•  About Russia:
  • Capital - Moscow.
  • Currency - Russian ruble.
  • Continent - Asia and Europe.

The correct answer is Option 2.

In News

• Last month, researchers from the Geological Survey of India collected some meteorite fragments near the town of Katol in Nagpur in 2012. Studying this, IIT Kgp researchers have unravelled the composition expected to be present in the Earth’s lower mantle which is at about 660 km deep.

Key Points

• Katol L6
  • Initial studies revealed that the host rock was mainly composed of olivine, an olive-green mineral.
  • Olivine is the most abundant phase in our Earth’s upper mantle.
  • Our Earth is composed of different layers including the outer crust, followed by the mantle and then the inner core.
• Key findings: Presence of Bridgmanite
  • The study reported for the first time, presence of veins of the mineral bridgmanite, which is the most abundant mineral in the interior of the Earth, within the Katol L6 Chondrite meteorite.
  • Bridgmanite consists of magnesium, iron, calcium aluminium oxide and has a perovskite structure. It is the most volumetrically abundant mineral of the Earth’s interior.
  • It is present in the lower mantle (from 660 to 2700 km), and it is important to understand its formation mechanism to better comprehend the origin and evolution of planetary interiors.
• What is the hypothesis of moon-formation?
  • The discovery of Bridgmanite in Katol L6 adds evidence to the Moon-forming giant impact hypothesis.
  • The Moon-forming giant impact hypothesis occurred nearly 4.5 billion years ago.
  • The Earth collided with a planet the size of Mars named Thela.
  • The force of this impact was so huge as to melt the Earth down from the surface to a depth of 750 km to 1,100 km.
  • The hypothesis goes that this caused the Earth to be bathed in a magma ocean, and the ejecta from the collision led to the formation of the Moon.