Test: Description of Some Important Families (Old NCERT) - NEET MCQ

The given floral diagram is of family Solanaceae. Its flower is bisexual and actinomorphic, ebractes or bracteate, pentamerous, cyclic. Calyx 5, gamoseplace persistent. Corolla 5, gamotetalous, often plicate in Androecium 5, polyandrous and epipetalous. Gyoeous bicarpellary andd syncarpous. Ovary superior placed obliue placentation axile with swollen-placenta. Fruit is berry capsule.

In marginal placentation one or two alternate  ovules occur longitudinally along the ridge in the wall the ovary in the area of fusion of its two margins or suture. A true placenta is believed to be absent. Ovary unilocular. Marginal placentation is found in monocarpela pistils of Leguminosae (e.g., Pea, Cassia, Acacia) and plants (e.g., Larkspur).

This floral formula is of family fabaceae (Papilionacea). Flower is zygomorphic and papilionaceous. Calyx gamosepalous with odd sepal anterior. Corolla 5 unequal and differentiated into 1 standard, 2 alae axil keel or carina made up of two partially fused petals. The petals are arranged on descending imbricate. Androecium diadelphous 1 + (9). Gynoecium monocarpela ovary superior, unilocular with marginal placentation.

In family Fabaceae, the inflorescence is indeterminant or racemose, the flower is zygomorphic, with five petals-standard (large outer), wings (smaller pair in-between) and keel (innermost smallest, partially fused)
The number of stamens in Liliaceae are 6 arranged in two whorls of 3 each or 3+3 arrangement. The anthers are monosacculate.
The gynoecium in Fabaceae is monocarpellary, with ovules on marginal placentation.
So, the correct answer is 'A - Racemose, B - Zygomorphic, C - 3 + 3, D - Monocarpellary'

Papikionaceous (butterfly-shaped) corolla is the characteristic of family Papilionaceae. The posterior largest petal is called standard or vexillum, overlaps two smaller lateral petals called wings or alae. The latter overlap a boat-shaped structure called keel or carina which is formed by two anterior petals fused laterally on the anterior side.

Most common condition of androecium in the members of family fabaceae is diadelphous, (9) + 1, in which out of total 10 stamens, none are united by the lower hald of their flaments to form an incomplete tube around the pistil. Tenth posterior stamen is free.

The correct option is B

Flowers of plants belonging to family liliaceae have bracts and are bisexual. The formula is Br ⊕ ⚥ P3+3 A3+3 G(3). If the floral formula signifies Ebr, it would mean that the flower does not belong to a plant from the family Liliaceae.

Withenia somnifera (aswagandha) belongs to solanaceae and has medicinal properties.
Genus Petunia, belongs to family solanaceae, it is cultivated as an ornamental plant.
So, the correct answer is 'Solanaceae - Withania somnifera, Petunia'

Liliaceae (Lily family) and Poaceae ( Gramineae, gross family) are the two monocot families.

In members of family Solanaceae (e.g. Solanum), sepals remain attached till the maturation of the fruit and do not fall off, thus termed persistent.