Test: Environment - 1

Natural environment comprises of land, water, air, plants and animals. Thus, natural environment refers to both biotic and abiotic conditions existing on the earth which are necessary for us.

• The interaction between human beings and the environment is a continuous process.
• The early humans tried to adapt to the environment. They did not change the environment and lived a simple life.
• With the gradual passage of time, they began to change the environment to suit their needs.
• They developed new methods and technologies to change the environment as per their need.

The following are the examples of uses/changes made in the environment by human beings:

• Growing crops
• Domesticating Animals
• Leading a Settled Life

• The biosphere is the layer of the planet Earth where life exists.
• This layer ranges from heights of up to ten kilometres above sea level, used by some birds in flight, to depths of the ocean such as the Puerto Rico trench, at more than 8 kilometres deep.
• These are the extremes; however, in general the layer of the Earth containing life is thin: the upper atmosphere has little oxygen and very low temperatures, while ocean depths greater than 1000 m are dark and cold.
• In fact, it has been said that the biosphere is like the peel in relation to the size of an apple.

Barter trading is a system of exchange where participants in a transaction directly exchange goods or services for other goods or services without using a medium of exchange, such as money.

• Biotic Components are the one which contain living things and plants are living things.
• Water, soil, land are not biotic. These all are abiotic.
• Only plants from the given options are biotic.

Lithosphere:

• It is the solid crust or the hard top layer of the earth.
• It is made up of rocks and minerals and covered by a thin layer of soil.

• Humans are the ones who are using the resources in an irregulated manner which is leading to their fast exhaustion.
• So, humans must learn how to use environmental resources in a judicious and harmonious way.

• The lithosphere is the upper part of the earth. It includes the crust and the solid portion of the mantle.
• Lithosphere interacts with the atmosphere, hydrosphere, and biosphere and produces the pedosphere (the soil with its biotic and abiotic components).
• The lithosphere contains rocks, minerals, and soils.

World Environment Day is celebrated on 5 June evey year.This day is celebrated to encourage awareness and environmental protection 

• Abiotic component refers to everything which is not derived from living organisms.
• Here, the land is not derived from living organisms, so it's an abiotic component.