Test: Mineral Nutrition - 1 (Old NCERT) - NEET MCQ

Hydroponics is a technique used to grow plants in a soil-free, nutrient-rich solution to determine which nutrients are essential for their growth, development, and reproduction.

Nitrogen is absorbed by plants primarily in the form of nitrate (NO3-) and ammonium (NH4+) ions and is a major constituent of proteins, nucleic acids, and vitamins.

Magnesium is absorbed by plants in the form of Mg2+ ions and is a crucial constituent of chlorophyll, the molecule responsible for photosynthesis in plants.

Potassium ions (K+) help maintain the cation-anion balance in plant cells, and play roles in protein synthesis, and the opening and closing of stomata.

Elements that are actively mobilized within the plant, such as nitrogen, magnesium, and potassium, show deficiency symptoms first in older regions because the plant reallocates these nutrients to newer growth.

Nitrogen fixation is the process through which certain prokaryotic organisms convert atmospheric nitrogen (N2) into ammonia (NH3), which plants can then utilize.

Essential elements are determined by their absolute necessity for plant growth and reproduction, their specific and irreplaceable requirement, and their direct involvement in plant metabolism, not by their availability in the atmosphere.

The critical concentration of an essential element is defined as the concentration below which plant growth begins to suffer. This threshold is crucial for understanding and preventing nutrient deficiencies in plants.

Manganese, absorbed by plants in the form of Mn2+ ions, plays a main role in the photolysis of water molecules during photosynthesis, leading to the liberation of oxygen.

The conversion of ammonia (NH3) into amino acids in plants involves two main processes: reductive amination, where ammonia reacts with α-ketoglutaric acid to form glutamic acid, and transamination, which involves the transfer of amino groups from one amino acid to a keto acid.