Test: Mineral Nutrition - October 8, 2022 - NEET MCQ

All the biomolecules which are found in the acid-soluble pool have molecular weights in the range of 18-800 Dalton while those biomolecules which are found in acid insoluble pool have molecular weights greater than 10,000 Dalton.

The acid-insoluble fraction, has only four types of organic compounds, i.e., proteins, nucleic acids, polysaccharides and lipids. These classes of compounds except for lipids have molecular weights in the range of ten thousand Daltons and above.

Biomolecules which are the chemical compounds found in the living organisms are of two types. One, those which have molecular weights less than one thousand Dalton and two which are found in the acid-insoluble fraction.

The molecules in the insoluble fraction except for lipids are polymeric substances, which means that proteins, nucleic acids and polysaccharides exists as polymeric substances.

Lipids are small molecular weight compounds and are present not only as such but are also arranged into structures like cell membrane and other membranes. They are present in the acid-insoluble pool.

The acid-soluble pool represents roughly the cytoplasmic composition. The macromolecules from the cytoplasm and the organelles become the acid-insoluble fraction.

Water is the most abundant chemical in living organisms. It comprises about 70-90% of the total cellular mass. Proteins, carbohydrates and nucleic acids comprise for about 10-15%, 3% and 5-7% of the total cellular mass respectively.

Trypsin is a protein that functions as an enzyme. Insulin, Collagen and Antibodies are also proteins that function as the hormone, intercellular ground substance and fighters of infectious agents respectively.

Proteins are polypeptides. They are linear chains of amino acids linked by peptide bonds. Each protein is a heteropolymer of amino acids.

Certain amino acids are essential for our health and they have to be supplied through our diet. Hence, dietary proteins are the source of essential amino acids.