Test: Modern Indian History- 1 - Class 5 MCQ

Pokhran-I was the first nuclear explosion test conducted on 18th May 1974 by India.

Secession is the removal of a group from a larger part of an entity especially an organization, union, party, country,etc.
Thus Secessionism is the correct answer.

Narmada Bachao Andolan is a social movement led by social activist Medha Patkar and Baba Amte. Medha Patkar fought against the indifference exhibited by local government officials towards the people affected by the Sardar Sarovar Dam project. The aim of this movement was to provide project information and legal representation to the affected residents of Narmada valley. Hence, option D is the correct answer.

INC was formed on 28 Dec, 1885 in Bombay and its first session was held under the presidentship of W.C. Banerjee.

Both the Nepal struggle and the Bolivia water war witnessed a large number of people involved in the struggles. political movements also had an important role in these struggles. 

In April 1951, Vinoba Bhave started the Bhoodan (land gift) movement at Pochampally village in Telangana which is now known as Bhoodan Pochampally.

When in 1930 Gandhiji marched to Dandi and led the 'Namak Satyagraha', at that time the congress workers of Seoni, under the leadership of Durga Shankar Mehta carried out the 'Jungle Satyagraha', about 9-10 k.m. from Seoni, a movement to cut grass from the government Sandal wood Gardens, was started. 

The Aligarh Movement and its Purpose

• Founder: Sri Syed Ahmad Khan


• Purpose: The Aligarh Movement was initiated for the regeneration and upliftment of the Muslim society in India.


• Socio-Educational Reforms: The movement focused on bringing about social and educational reforms among the Muslim community in India.


• Modern Education: Sri Syed Ahmad Khan emphasized the importance of modern education for Muslims, advocating for the inclusion of Western sciences and subjects in the curriculum.


• Establishment of Aligarh Muslim University: The movement led to the establishment of the Muhammadan Anglo-Oriental College in Aligarh, which later became the Aligarh Muslim University. This institution aimed to provide quality education to Muslims and promote intellectual development.


• Advocacy for Rights and Unity: The Aligarh Movement also advocated for the political and cultural rights of Muslims in India. It aimed to foster unity among Muslims and promote their participation in the national political and social spheres.


• Impact: The Aligarh Movement played a crucial role in the intellectual, educational, and political empowerment of Muslims in India. It contributed to the emergence of a modern Muslim intelligentsia and helped in shaping the future leaders of the community.

Overall, the Aligarh Movement, led by Sri Syed Ahmad Khan, aimed to empower Muslims in India through educational reforms, advocating for their rights, and promoting unity. It had a significant impact on the Muslim society and played a vital role in their social and intellectual development.

Kakori Robbery was a train robbery that took place during the Indian Independence Movement on 9 August 1925 against the British Indian Government. It was organised by the Hindustan Republican Association (HRA). The robbery plan was executed by Ram Prasad Bismil, Ashfaqulla Khan, Rajendra Lahiri, Chandrashekhar Azad, Sachindra Bakshi, Keshab Chakravarty, Manmathnath Gupta, Murari Lal Gupta (fake name of Murari Lal Khanna), Mukundi Lal (Mukundi Lal Gupta) and Banwari Lal.

Answer:
Background:
- The Indian National Congress was formed in 1885 with the aim of seeking political rights and representation for Indians.
- The British government initially viewed the Congress with suspicion and concerns about the nationalist movement.
Identification of the person who called Congress representing only the elite:
- Lord Dufferin was the British Viceroy of India from 1884 to 1888.
- He is the one who referred to the Indian National Congress as a "microscopic minority" representing only the elite.
Explanation:
- Lord Dufferin believed that the Indian National Congress was dominated by the educated and wealthy elites.
- He dismissed the Congress as a small and insignificant group that did not truly represent the broader Indian population.
- His comment reflected the British perception of the Congress as a limited and exclusive organization.
Other options:
- Lord Napier: He served as Governor of Madras from 1866 to 1872. There is no recorded statement of him calling the Congress a "microscopic minority."
- Lord Ripon: He served as Viceroy of India from 1880 to 1884. There is no recorded statement of him calling the Congress a "microscopic minority."
- Lord Lytton: He served as Viceroy of India from 1876 to 1880. There is no recorded statement of him calling the Congress a "microscopic minority."
Therefore, the correct answer is Lord Dufferin (Option B).