Test: NEET Previous Year Questions: Digestion & Absorption - 2 (Old NCERT) - NEET MCQ

Digestion of proteins starts in stomach and is completed in intestine. The pepsin is the most important proteolytic enzyme present in stomach. It is secreted in inactive pepsinogen form which is activated on exposure to gastric acid. Pepsin breaks proteins into smaller proteoses and peptones. The peptones, proteoses are acted upon by trypsin, chymotrypsin and carboxypeptidase present in pancreatic juice. The action of these enzymes breaks peptones and proteoses into dipeptides. In intestinal juice is present aminopeptidase which finally release amino acids from dipeptides, thus finishing the digestion of proteins.

Enterogastrone , a hormone secreted by the duodenal mucosa when fatty food is in the stomach or small intestine; it is also thought to be released when sugar and proteins are in the intestine. Enterogastrone may slow down stomach emptying by reducing the amount of acid produced.

Bile salts are one of the primary components of bile.
Bile is a greenish-yellow fluid made by the liver and stored in our gallbladder.
Bile salts help with the digestion of fats in our bodies. They also help us to absorb fat-soluble vitamins like A, D, E, and K. Hence, Part of bile juice useful in digestion is bile salt.
So, the correct answer is 'bile salt'.

Secretin is the most important hormone of digestive tract. This hormone stimulates pancreas for synthesis and secretion of non enzymatic part of pancreatic juice, while pancreozymin promotes the secretion of enzymatic part of the pancreatic juice. Secretin also stimulates liver for secretion of bile juice and inhibit the gastric acid secretion in stomach and reduces rate of contraction of stomach.

Trypsinogen is the precursor form of the pancreatic enzyme trypsin. It is found in pancreatic juice along with amylase, lipase, and chymotrypsinogen. It is activated by enterokinase which is found in the intestinal mucosa to form trypsin. The relation between enterokinase to trypsin is same as HCl to pepsinogen, because HCl activates pepsinogen to pepsin, in the stomach.

Function. The main role of goblet cells is to secrete mucus in order to protect the mucous membranes where they are found. Goblet cells accomplish this by secreting mucins, large glycoproteins formed mostly by carbohydrates.

Liver is the largest gland and is associated with functions metabolism of carbohydrate, digestion of fat and formation of bile.

Enterogastrone is a hormone secreted by the duodenal mucosa, when fatty food is in the stomach or small intestine; it is also released, when sugars and proteins are in the intestine. Enterogastrone is transported by the bloodstream to the glands and muscles of the stomach, where it inhibits gastric movements and secretions, by blocking the production or activity of gastrin.

Pepsin works in acidic medium in stomach. it releases in its inactive form that is pepsinogen and activated by hcl and converted into pepsin which further works on protein. it takes place when the stomach ph is about 1.2-1.5
Whereas trypsin works in alkaline medium in duodenum although it also helps in protein digestion.

Vitamin-C (Ascorbic acid) play an important role in certain metabolic reactions. This vitamin activates an enzyme that is involved in synthesis of hydroxy praline which is an integral part of collagen. Obviously it is essential for formation and growth of connective tissues cartilage, bone, teeth etc.

Vitamin C, also known as ascorbic acid, is necessary for the growth, development and repair of all body tissues. It's involved in many body functions, including formation of collagen, absorption of iron, the immune system, wound healing, and the maintenance of cartilage, bones, and teeth.

Secretin is a hormone that regulates water homeostasis throughout the body and influences the environment of the duodenum by regulating secretions in the stomach, pancreas, and liver.

A typical adult human stomach will secrete 
about 1.5 liters of gastric acid daily.

Osteomalacia is softening of the bones. It occurs because of a lack of vitamin D or a problem with the body's ability to break down and use vitamin D, which helps the body to absorb calcium. The body needs calcium to maintain the strength and hardness of bones.

Enterogastrone is transported by the bloodstream to the glands and muscles of the stomach, where it inhibits gastric movements and secretions, possibly by blocking the production or activity of gastrin, the hormone that initially causes these functions.

Gastrin is secreted in stomach by the parietal cells and stimulates the secretion of gastric juices from the gastric glands.

Secretin is secreted in duodenum and stimulates the secretion of pancreatic juice but inhibits the secretion of gastric juices.

Enterogastrone is secreted from the duodenal mucosa and decreases the secretion of gastric juices.

Cholecystokinin is secreted from the duodenum and causes contraction of gall bladder and secretion of pancreatic juice into duodenum.

So, the correct answer is 'Enterogastrone'.